Hubungan Sosial, Sokongan, Dan Kesejahteraan Warga Tua: Satu Kajian di Pedesaan Kelantan

Hubungan sosial dan sokongan yang mencukupi adalah cukup penting untuk kesejahteraan warga tua. Oleh itu kajian ini bertujuan untuk memperihal hubungan dan sokongan sosial daripada ahli keluarga dan jiran tetangga kepada warga tua. Kajian ini, yang dilakukan di Daerah Limbongan, Pasir Puteh, Kelantan juga bertujuan untuk menentukan perkaitan di antara ciri latar belakang terpilih warga tua, hubungan sosial warga tua dengan keluarga, dan jiran tetangga, serta sokongan sosial daripada keluarga dan jiran tetangga, dengan kesejahteraan sebenar dan kesejahteraan tanggapan warga tua de sa. Seramai 214 orang warga tua daripada 1,067 buah keluarga yang mempunyai isirumah berumur 60 tahun dan ke atas di Daerah Limbongan, telah dipilih secara rawak mudah sebagai responden kajian. Data dikumpul dengan menggunakan kaedah temu bual berstruktur dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik korelasi product-moment dan teknik regresi linear berganda. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kebanyakan responden tidak pemah mendapat pendidikan formal. Walaupun mereka sudah mencapai umur Ianjut, mereka terpaksa terus bekerja untuk menyara kehidupan. Bagi warga tua yang masih bekerja, kebanyakan mereka terlibat dalam kegiatan pertanian tradisional. Analisis ke atas hubungan sosial mendapati kehidupan warga tua tidak tersisih ataupun terbiar daripada ahli keluarga dan jiran tetangga. Kebanyakan warga tua menanggapi bahawa keluarga, khususnya pasangan dan anak-anak, serta jiran tetangga adalah sumber terpenting sokongan sosial kepada mereka. Analisis juga menunjukkan tahap kesejahteraan sebenar bagi kebanyakan warga tua adalah agak rendah. Walaupun tahap kesejahteraan sebenar warga tua rendah tetapi tahap kesejahteraan tanggapan mereka adalah sederhana tinggi. Kualiti perumahan, jumlah anak, pendidikan dan status pekerjaan, didapati mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan ke atas kesejahteraan sebenar warga tua. Sebaliknya kualiti perumahan, hubungan sosial dengan jiran tetangga, pendidikan, status pekerjaan dan hubungan sosial dengan pasangan pula mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan ke atas kesejahteraan tanggapan mereka. Oleh yang dernikian, secara keseluruhannya kajian mendapati pendidikan, pekerjaan, anak-anak, keadaan rumah yang sesuai, adanya hubungan sosial, terutama dengan pasangan dan jiran tetangga, dilihat sebagai faktor penyumbang terpenting kepada kesejahteraan warga tua desa di kawasan kajian

Kualiti hidup dan harapan masa depan ibu tunggal melayu muslim di Pantai Timur Malaysia

This study seeks to analyze the quality of life of single Malay Muslim mothers in East Coast Malaysia. Using a convenience sampling technique, a total of 500 single Malay Muslim mothers residing in Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang were selected. The study employs both quantitative and qualitative methods to collect data. Major data for the quantitative analysis are derived from face-to-face interviews. Data of this study demonstrate that the average age of the respondents is 44.5 years old. Most of them become single mothers because of the death of their spouses, and only completed their education at primary school level. On a whole the study reveals that the level of quality of life of most of the single mothers is quite high. The study concludes that although these single mothers are facing various problems in daily life, but these problems do not affect their quality of life

Mengenali warga tua desa di Malaysia: Profil sosial dan pengaturan tempat kediaman

Worldwide, the elderly populations are increasing very rapidly.In Malaysia, as the size of the elderly population grows, it is more evident that the process of urbanization has become part of the rural lives.The changing family structure of the rural folks has led to many elderly populations in rural areas to be living alone without care and support from their children.The objective of this article is to explore the social and demographic profile, and living arrangement patterns of the elderly populations in the rural areas.To achieve this objective, 214 elderly respondents of 60 years and above in rural Kelantan were selected.Results show that most of the respondents are among the economically-deprived groups in the community.Most of the respondents were dependent on traditional agriculture activities for their livelihood. Urbanization that has taken place in the mukims neighbouring the town centre provided new employment oppurtunities to the elderlies. Many of them are involved in small businesses and as wage-labors. In addition, more elderly populations are living on their own. On the whole, the elderly populations still receive sufficient care and support from their children and they are satisfied with the support

Age at First Marriage of Single Mothers in East Coast, Malaysia

This paper presents the results of a cross-sectional study conducted to explore age at first marriage of single mothers in three states in East Coast of Malaysia, which are Terengganu, Kelantan and Pahang. East Coast is known with high prevalence of single mothers in Malaysia. The high prevalence of divorce in the East Coast of Malaysia makes the area an interesting site for examining the issue of divorce or single mothers in Malaysia. Research findings outside Malaysia show the incidence of single-parent families has increased significantly in recent years, and the majority of the single-parent is single mother. This present article analyzes age at first marriage of single mothers in rural areas in East Coast in Malaysia. More specifically, it analyzes; (1) sociodemographic profiles of single mothers in rural Malaysia; (2), age at first marriage of single mothers; and (3) reasons behind the early age at first marriage among single mothers in rural areas in East Coast in Malaysia. This study is basically employed descriptive research as the main objective of the study is to provide information about some aspects of single mothers in rural Malaysia. Descriptive research is employed if the researcher wants to study or answer questions such as what, and how. Descriptive research is directed at making careful observations and detailed documentation of a phenomenon of interest. To meet these objectives, 500 single mothers in East Coast, Malaysia were selected as respondents. They are selected for the study through a chain referral sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, and analyzed descriptively. Results of the study reveal that the youngest age at first marriage of single mothers is 13, while the oldest is 47 years old, with the age at first marriage most commonly found is 18 years old. The incidence of marriage at early age amongst respondent occurred because of they are belong to the generation of the 1950s or earlier where at that time most of the population marry at young age. Min age at first marriage for all respondents is 20 years old, whilst median age at first marriage is also 20 years, which means half of the respondents commenced their marriage at the age of 20 years and below, and another half began their marriage at the age of 20 years and over. It was found that not many single mothers who began their marriage at the age of 30 years and over. Keywords: Family; single parent family; single mother; family chang

Strengthening Social Integration within Cultural and Ethnic Diversity: Lesson from Indonesia

Cultural and ethnic diversity have been closely associated with the continuous conflict and antagonism in a pluralistic society. This phenomenon reflects very much the pluralistic society of Indonesia as a nation. Cultural and ethnic diversity are part and partial of the daily life of the Indonesian community. In the past, cultural and ethnic diversity have created some social conflicts and other symptoms of antagonism in Indonesia which have become national issues and problems that need to be resolved. Indonesia is a multi-ethnic country. Indonesia has four main ethnic groups, namely Melanesians, the Proto-Austronesians, the Polynesians and the Micronesians, which are divided again into 300 sub-ethnic groups with each group, has their own language, art, tradition and custom. 250 local dialects are spoken. The objective of this paper is to highlight some positive and negative aspects of these cultural and ethnic diversities, as well as to identify some important elements which formed social integration in Indonesia as a pluralistic society. To meet these objectives, the present paper uses a secondary analysis to review some of the documentary from relevant sources. Some of these documentaries are taken from the Ministry of Communication and Informatics, Republic of Indonesia, and other related sources. Secondary analysis is a technique of data collection where the researcher collects information that was collected and analyzed by other researchers for their own purposes. From the various sources, the paper found that there are three main themes that have been considered to be important efforts in developing social integration in Indonesia, include implementing Bahasa Indonesia as the only national language, introducing one state motto that is Bhineka Tunggal Ika, and one State Philosophy that is Pancasila. Indonesia has a long history of cultural and ethnic diversity. The result of the present paper acknowledges that cultural and ethnic diversity can construct many positive results. Collaboration and disagreement are normal in a pluralistic society. Having differences and conflicts are healthy. They can create new ideas, supporting mutual understanding for all parties towards a very constructive social development of the nation. It can strengthening social relation and integration, and helps to find out solutions more effectively toward problem-solving. It is a real challenge to manage cultural and ethnic diversity. This paper discusses how cultural and ethnic diversity can be viewed as positive aspects in building a nation with a strong national cultural identity for Indonesia. However, managing cultural and ethnic diversity should be seen as an endless effort.   Keywords: cultural diversity, social integration, pluralistic society, ethnic diversity, national identit

The Influence of Location on Quality of Life of Older Persons in Indonesia

Older person is increasing in most parts of the world. East Java province is one of the most populated provinces of older persons in Indonesia, and Kota Batu District occupied most of the older persons in the province. Due to the fact that older persons are growing, quality of life has become a popular topic of discussion among academicians in Indonesia in recent years. This study is aim at measuring the level of quality of life of older persons aged 60 years and older. Following the increasing of older person, the present study took place in Kota Batu District, East Java province. Using a simple random sampling technique, a total of 300 older persons aged 60 years and older was selected. Data were gathered through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire form and analyzed descriptively. Result of the study show the majority of older persons in the study area has a moderate level of quality of life, and there was a significant difference exist in quality of life of old persons accross villages of the study. Keywords: Older person; Population; Quality of life; Well-being; Happines

Current situation of research on family life in Malaysia

The main theme of the special issue will be “current situation of research on family life in Malaysia”, addressing some of the key priorities on family life and its importance in human society in Malaysia. The nature of family in Malaysia, as in other parts of the world, is changing over time.All these papers represent the continuous research interests by the members of our colleagues.While research interests are divers, this volume will only cover themes related to research on family life and its importance

Fenomena ibu tunggal dan masa depan warga tua desa di Malaysia

This article examines how changes in family institutions especially the increasing of single parents, affect the future of the elderly in society. To date single parents amongst the Malay society in Malaysia can be considered as a social phenomena, whereas at the same time, the magnitude and the proportion of the elderly are increasing. Based on 500 samples amongst single parents in Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang, this article shows that these single parents, dispite their main task to take care of their elderly members, they themselves are full of daily problems. This situation can influence the future of the elderly in society. Thus, this article suggests strong support for the creation of caring society in Malaysia

Tanah tinggi sebagai destinasi utama pelancongan wilayah: Potensi dan cabaran

Menerusi pelan pembangunan pelancongan wilayah di Malaysia, pelbagai produk pelancongan telah dikenalpasti antaranya pelancongan tanah tinggi. Keunikan, keindahan alam sekitar, khazanah tinggalan sejarah, iklim yang sejuk dan habitat flora serta fauna menjadi punca utama kawasan ini berpotensi sebagai destinasi pelancongan utama pada masa kini. Di samping itu, tanah tinggi turut berfungsi sebagai kawasan pertanian, petempatan dan tadahan air. Namun, pembangunan yang pesat dan tidak terkawal menyebabkan berlakunya perubahan fizikal dan menimbulkan pelbagai masalah seperti pencemaran alam sekitar, tanah runtuh, banjir, pemendapan sungai, pencerobohan tanah haram dan sosiobudaya. Permasalahan ini merupakan cabaran yang perlu dihadapi oleh pihak kerajaan dan masyarakat dalam usaha membangunkan pelancongan tanah tinggi sebagai salah sebuah aset pelancongan negara. Sehubungan itu, makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi dan cabaran tanah tinggi Cameron Highlands dalam pelbagai aspek, termasuk model bagi perancangan dan pembangunan pelancongan tanah tinggi wilayah. Pendekatan kajian adalah berdasarkan analisis dokumen kerajaan seperti Rancangan Struktur Negeri Pahang 2002 dan Rancangan Tempatan Cameron Highlands 1998- 2010. Hasil kajian mendapati Cameron Highlands berpotensi sebagai salah satu destinasi utama pelancongan tanah tinggi. Kajian ini mencadangkan kerjasama pelbagai pihak dilaksanakan bagi menjamin kelestarian pelancongan wilayah terutama di Tanah Tinggi Cameron Highlands

Living arrangement of older population in rural Malaysia

One of the most significant demographic changes of the twentieth century is the aging of the world’s population. At the same time industrialization that taking place in developing countries has created a new pattern of family structure, that is nuclear conjugal family that resulting family care for the older persons become problematic. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the living arrangement of the older persons in rural Kelantan, Malaysia. The design in this study was a cambination of the sociological method of face-to-face interviews, and the anthropological method of participant-observation. Results show that nearly half of the respondents still living in the extended family, but the majority of the them feel that they want to choose to be living with their spouse only