Scenario Writing: One Component of a Systems Approach to Energy/Environment Management

The primary purpose of this paper is to describe the concept and process of writing alternative energy/environmental futures (scenarios) for the three regions considered in the IIASA research program on Management of Energy/Environment Systems. The paper describes 1) the objective of the writing of the alternative futures, 2) the basis of the organization, 3) the procedures by which components of the futures are chosen and structured, 4) a format for presentation of the results, and 5) a possible procedure by which they can be embedded into a decision or policy framework in a useful and constructive manner. Although the three regions for which the alternative futures have been written are very different in their socio-economic, geographic, and technological nature or structure, an attempt has been made to apply a consistent approach for choosing and writing alternative futures. This paper is meant to provide that framework as a prelude to the actual description of the futures in a subsequent report. It describes only one component of the overall research process of the Energy/Environment study

A Brief Overview of Demographic, Geographic, and Energy Characteristics of the German Democratic Republic, Rhone-Alpes, and Wisconsin

One of the primary objectives of the Integrated Energy System Modeling and Policy Analysis Research Program at IIASA is to identify usage and supply patterns in each of the three regions under study. This paper is a first step in that direction. It provides an initial overview of some of the important demographic, geographic and energy characteristics of the German Democratic Republic, the Rhone-Alpes region of France, and The State of Wisconsin in the U.S.A. The data are meant to reveal some similarities and differences among the three regions as well as to provide a foundation for assessing modeling techniques which will be used in this research program and to formulate the policy questions which will form a cornerstone of the comparative approach

Environmental Impacts of Electrical Generation: A Systemwide Approach

Thin report is one of a series describing a multidisciplinary multinational IIASA research study on Management of Energy/Environment Systems. The primary objective of the research is the development of quantitative tools for regional energy and environment policy design and analysis -- or, in a broader sense, the development of a coherent, realistic approach to energy/environment system management. The outputs of this research program include concepts, applied methodologies, and case studies. During 1975, case studies were emphasized; they focussed on three greatly differing regions, namely, the German Democratic Republic, the Rhone-Alpes region in southern France, and the state of Washington in the U.S.A. The IIASA research was conducted within a network of collaborating institutions composed of the Institut fuer Energetik, Leipzig; the Institut Economique et Juridique de L'Energie, Grenoble; and the University of Wisconsin, Madison. This report is concerned with the description of a systems approach to the analysis of environmental impact of electrical generating plants. The research evolved from efforts at the University of Wisconsin on the Wisconsin Energy Models and was extended at IIASA to treat impacts occurring in other regions of the world and to concepts and methodologies under study at IIASA. Other publications on the management of energy/environment systems are listed at the end of this report

Biocidal effects of silver Final technical report

Elimination of microbial and viral agents from spacecraft water systems by silver ions from electrolytic ion generato

Biocidal effects of silver Final technical report

Biocidal effects of silver with application to spacecraft water system

Energy/Environment Management: Application of Decision Analysis

A procedure is presented for coping with the complexities of energy/environment decision processes. A convenient framework based on multiattribute decision analysis has been developed to help a decision maker evaluate energy/environment alternatives in terms of the degree to which each of a set of objectives is met. The resulting composite environmental impact model links a preference model with a descriptive environmental impact model. The preference model allows one to evaluate alternative strategies by formally incorporating the decision maker's utilities (i.e. preferences) with the quantified environmental impacts (supplied by the descriptive impact model), the unquantified effects, and the conventional costs. Utility assessments were performed for individuals in the Rhone-Alpes region of France, the German Democratic Republic, and the state of Wisconsin in the U.S.A. The benefits of the process and its implementation appear significant

The IIASA Research Program on Management of Regional Energy/Environment Systems

This report is one of a series describing a multidisciplinary multinational IIASA research study on Management of Energy/Environment Systems. The primary objective of the research is the development of quantitative tools for energy and environment policy design and analysis--or, in a broader sense, the development of a coherent, realistic approach to energy/environment management. Particular attention is being devoted to the design and use of these tools at the regional level. The outputs of this research program include concepts, applied methodologies and case studies. During 1975, case studies were emphasized; they focussed on three greatly differing regions, namely, the German Democratic Republic, the Rhone-Alpes region in southern France, and the state of Wisconsin in the U.S.A. The IIASA research was conducted within a network of collaborating institutions composed of the Institut fuer Energetik, Leipzig, the Institut Economique et Juridique de l'Energie, Grenoble; and the University of Wisconsin-Madison

Management of Energy/Environment Systems: Methods and Case Studies

This book concentrates on the solution of global energy problems through energy system management at regional and subnational levels. It arises from a joint study by east and west of three regional energy/environment systems with very different political, economic, and social frameworks; these are the German Democratic Republic, the Rhone-Alpes region of France, and Wisconsin in the United States of America. This is, therefore, a significant contribution to the management of the energy problems facing most industrialized societies

Integrated Energy System Modeling and Policy Analysis: Description of an I.I.A.S.A. Research Program

This working paper describes an IIASA research program which was initiated early in 1975. The research project not only cuts across a number of disciplines and groups at IIASA, but is also conducted in close cooperation with external research institutes in IIASA member countries. This first working paper lays out a proposed initial research structure and interinstitutional framework as a basis for the work of the coming months. It is the result of a synthesis of my initial conception of this research and a distillation of the input and suggestions from several individuals at IIASA. Although the research is already well underway within the general framework described here, the program structure is meant to be flexible and dynamic. As the collaborating institutions play an increasing role in the coming months, it is anticipated that program changes will evolve, particularly because of the innovative nature of both the research content and the interinstitutional format

National Perspectives on Management of Energy/Environment Systems

The first part of this book is composed of a set of chapters on the management and planning of energy/environment systems in twelve different countries both East and West. The term "energy/environment systems" here describes the socioeconomic and technological aspects of energy and their relationship to the natural and man-made environments. The basic philosophy is that there is a very close relationship between the methods employed in the management of these systems and the institutional framework within which they must operate. By studying the way in which energy/environment problems are tackled in one country, it is hoped not only to identify the management and planning tools being used, but also to see whether they could be applied with equal success in countries with a different social, economic, and political structure. The approach is therefore both methodological and policy-oriented. Each chapter is written by an expert from the country concerned, and in addition to a description of the management and planning techniques used includes an analysis of national energy supply and demand, an assessment of the environmental effects of energy systems, and an explanation of how these analyses are incorporated in the decision-making process. The second part of the book takes a retrospective look at the IIASA case studies of four regions already described in Volume 5 of this series and elsewhere. The main features of the energy/environment scenarios developed for these four regions are summarized, important issues treated in the scenarios are discussed (energy conservation, energy supply strategies, air pollution, and the coal option), and representatives from the four regions assess, retrospectively, the value of the IIASA study