Intervenções fisioterapêuticas utilizadas em pessoas amputadas de membros inferiores pré e pós-protetização: uma revisão sistemática

Physical therapy interventions in amputee patient before and after the placement of a prosthesis are cited in a variety of physical therapy services, however, it is necessary to systematize evidence of rehabilitation protocols. Objective: The objective of this study was to add scientific evidence to guide the physical therapy practice in pre- and post-fitting of lower limb amputee. Method: We conducted a systematic review during the months of August to December 2014 in the databases Lilacs, Medline, Pedro, Pubmed, Scielo and Cochrane. Articles published from 2000 to the first half of 2014 were selected by key words in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Results: Six articles met the inclusion criteria, and only one was related to the pre-fitting stage highlighting the intervention: bandaging of the stump. The other interventions referred to the post-fitting stage as muscle force training, aerobic training, functional and gait. Conclusion: Few articles were found with scientific evidence related to major interventions pre and post prosthesis routinely used by the physiotherapist, which hinders the establishment of protocols and the reinforcement of the effectiveness of commonly described therapies.Intervenções fisioterapêuticas no paciente amputado antes e após a colocação de uma prótese são utilizadas em diversos serviços de fisioterapia, no entanto, faz-se necessária a sistematização de evidências sobre protocolos para condução da reabilitação. Objetivo: Agregar evidências científicas para guiar a prática fisioterapêutica nas fases pré e pós protetização da pessoa amputada de membro inferior. Método: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática durante os meses de agosto à dezembro de 2014 nas bases de dados: Lilacs, Medline, Pedro, Pubmed, Scielo e Cochrane. Selecionaram-se artigos publicados no período de 2000 até o primeiro semestre de 2014, utilizando unitermos em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Seis artigos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, sendo que apenas um esteve relacionado à fase pré-protetização destacando a intervenção: enfaixamento do coto. As demais intervenções referiram-se à fase pós-protetização como fortalecimentos musculares, treino aeróbio, funcional e de marcha. Conclusão: Foram encontrados poucos artigos com evidências científicas relacionadas às principais intervenções pré e pós protetização rotineiramente usadas pelo fisioterapeuta, o que dificulta o estabelecimento de protocolos e conclusões sobre a eficácia das terapêuticas comumente descritas

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data