Partnerships in business incubators in Brazil

For business incubators installed in a developing country with continental dimensions like Brazil, it should act in a collaborative way to join efforts and share experiences the Brazilian incubation stage is marked by initiatives from different regions and particular contexts. The annual seminar of the National Association of Entities Promoting Innovative Enterprises (ANPROTEC) is one of the main events held in Brazil on entrepreneurship and incubation of companies in the country. The National Seminar on Business Incubators and Technology Parks annually gathers the greatest contributions of the different elements of the National System of Innovation Brazilian and allows the analysis of the evolution of the themes and the main trends in management and operation of the different incubators presented. The present study aims to analyze the theme of business incubators in partnerships in Brazil, from the analysis of papers presented at the Seminar ANPROTEC in the years 2010 to 2014. The 144 selected works allow the identification of incubators partnerships such as clusters, partnerships with educational institutions, research and government programs. Three main themes were identified: examples of partnerships, technology parks and networking, with the latter registering a growing trend of interest and relevance. At the level of the authors involved, as almost 80.0% of authors published only one article in five editions of the event, a low recurrence and co-authorship is perceived among authors, which suggests a new research development potential in order to understand how these related cooperations and partnerships occur in Brazil.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Canais de transmissão do conhecimento: estudo no EuroClusTex, cluster transfronteiriço entre o Norte de Portugal e a Galiza

Observa-se que os processos de aprendizagem colaborativa em clusters são cruciais para a formação da vantagem competitiva ao nível individual das empresas e no conjunto que forma o aglomerado produtivo. Neste artigo pretende identificar-se os canais de transmissão do conhecimento no EuroClusTex, cluster têxtil e de vestuário do Norte de Portugal e da Galiza. Para tanto foi realizada uma pesquisa de cunho exploratório. Os dados primários foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas com onze sujeitos-chaves. Também foram coletados dados secundários por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica. Constatou-se que o EuroCluTex contribui para a competitividade das regiões, impulsionando as relações comerciais entre a Galiza e o Norte de Portugal. No EuroClusTex os canais mais efetivos para transmissão do conhecimento são: a imitação, os fornecedores, as políticas públicas, e a capacitação de recursos humanos.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Redes de inovação na indústria têxtil e de vestuário em Portugal

Ao nível empresarial, Portugal é caracterizado por uma forte representatividade de Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PMEs) com um papel essencial no desenvolvimento do país e da economia. A crise política e económica atual obriga as empresas a procurarem soluções sólidas, de forma a destacarem-se num mercado cada vez mais competitivo e exigente. As oportunidades que o mercado atual apresenta são escassas e é necessário que as empresas consigam evoluir e inovar, de forma a responder às necessidades dos clientes, que são cada vez mais exigentes. Uma cultura de abertura com definição de parcerias com elementos externos traduz-se numa maior capacidade de inovação e sucesso. Este projeto de investigação pretende contribuir para esta temática, no sentido de perceber como a Indústria Têxtil e de Vestuário em Portugal utiliza as suas redes de inovação no sucesso e desempenho das suas atividades de inovação, uma vez que esta indústria retrata uma indústria diversificada de transformação de variadas matérias-primas em produtos cada vez mais personalizados

Innovation network in the Portuguese textile and clothing industry

Innovating consists on doing something different or developing new input aggregations, with the goal of achieving a better solution than the current one. The ability to create new knowledge depends on the exploration of complementary skills, which might be internal or external to the operation, reflecting the changes that the organizations have been making in their management style and their relations with other economic agents. Successful innovation results from an interactive learning process between users and producers, between competitors, customers or suppliers and other knowledge and training institutions, such as universities and higher education institutions, or R&D centers.This research aims to contribute to the theme of innovation networks in the Textile and Clothing Industry (TCI) of Portuguese companies by exploring who are the different partners of the existing innovation networks in the Portuguese TCI. A survey with 86 companies suggests that Portuguese TCI companies are preferentially focused on product innovations and process innovations, with customers and suppliers as preferred partners. Therefore, vertical cooperation with suppliers and customers plays a greater role in business innovation of Portuguese TCI companies compared to horizontal cooperation with research centers, universities and technological centers.- This work has been supported by COMPETE: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007043 and FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2013

Estudio de la contribución culturales del cluster malacocultura del Florianópolis a la gestión de turismo en las actividades de la región

No Brasil, no Estado de Santa Catarina, na Grande Florianópolis, encontra-se o cluster da malacocultura, formado por micro e pequena empresas e por produtores autônomos. Embora tenha condições ambientais e econômicas favoráveis, este cluster apresenta problemas de gestão que estão relacionados com o comportamento dos seus integrantes refletido na sua maneira de ser, de agir e de pensar, condicionada pela sua cultura, que afetam a sua competitividade. Será que estas mesmas características culturais locais seriam um entrave para a formação de um cluster de turismo na região, atividade que apesar de também compartilhar condições ambientais e econômicas favoráveis, ainda não conseguiu se organizar de maneira colaborativa? Este trabalho busca fazer uma analogia entre o que ocorre na atividade da malacocultura e no setor de turismo, com base em resultados de um estudo de caso que entrevistou quarenta e três indivíduos, dos diferentes segmentos de atores do cluster da malacocultura, inclusive ligados ao turismo, que constatou que a cultura local, predominantemente de origem açoriana, apresenta fortes traços de individualismo, tolerância à incerteza, indulgência, orientação de curto prazo e acomodação, que afetam a competitividade, a governança e a gestão dos empreendimentos.In Brazil, in the state of Santa Catarina, on the Florianópolis area, is located the malacocultura cluster, formed by micro and small firms and independent producers. Despite institutional support, favorable environmental features and economic conditions, it presents some management problems which affect their competitiveness and are mostly related to the behavior of its members, reflected in their way of being, acting and thinking, conditioned by their culture. Do these local cultural characteristics would be an obstacle to the formation of a tourism cluster in the region, activity that also share favorable environmental and economic conditions, but has not yet managed to be organized in a collaborative way? This paper seeks to draw an analogy between what happens in the malacocultura activity and the tourism sector, based on results of a case study that interviewed forty-three individuals from different segments of malacocultura cluster, including some related to tourism and found that the local culture, predominantly of Azorean origin, has strong traits of individualism, tolerance for uncertainty, indulgence, short-term orientation and accommodation, which affect competitiveness, governance and management of firms.En Brasil, en el estado de Santa Catarina, en el área de Florianópolis, se encuentra el cluster de Malacocultura, formado por micro y pequeñas empresas y productores independientes. A pesar del apoyo institucional, las características ambientales favorables y las condiciones económicas, presenta algunos problemas de gestión que afectan su competitividad y están relacionados principalmente con el comportamiento de sus miembros, reflejados en su forma de ser, actuar y pensar, condicionados por su cultura. ¿Serían estas características culturales locales un obstáculo para la formación de un cluster turístico de la región, actividad que también comparte condiciones ambientales y económicas favorables, pero que aún no ha logrado organizarse de manera colaborativa? Este trabajo pretende hacer una analogía entre lo que ocurre en la actividad de malacocultura y el sector turístico, a partir de los resultados de un estudio de caso que entrevistó a cuarenta y tres individuos de diferentes segmentos del cluster de Malacocultura, incluyendo algunos relacionados con el turismo y encontró que la cultura local, predominantemente de origen azoriano, tiene fuertes rasgos de individualismo, tolerancia a la incertidumbre, indulgencia, orientación a corto plazo y acomodación, que afectan la competitividad, la gobernanza y la gestión de las empresas.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Performance of business incubators: a systematic review of evidence

As a business incubator is located at the intersection of different actors (e. g. universities, governments, market), processes (e.g. entrepreneurship, innovation), micro and macro levels, investigate your performance is a great challenge for researchers. To understand what has already been done and the new paths to follow, here will be presented the state of the art of this topic in a systematic way. First, using bibliometric techniques. Second, analyzing the main contributions of the papers over the years. The results demonstrate an increase of interest in this topic, especially in the last 10 years. Using the tools of the Web of Science and some indexes (also suggesting a new one), relevant journals and routes for new research were identified. In addition to the greater presence of researchers from the United States of America (USA), Europe and Asia, it was also realized that many questions from the beginning continue today. The relationship with universities and research centers are great opportunities for further studies. Although network behavior is recognized as a relevant factor, many researches still present contradictory or ambiguous results. Delve deeper the dynamics of the incubation process, at each level of analysis, seems to be a more effective strategy for the research field progress.This work has been supported by COMPETE: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007043 and FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The academic incubation impact: a selection process evaluation

Among the main issues pointed out in the literature, much of the attention in the research has been related to impact evaluation of business incubation. Although the internal process is considered as a black box by several studies, the main components of incubation are already known. The focus of this work is an evaluation strategy of the first component - the selection process. The effectiveness of this stage was evaluated as the alignment between the incubator desired profile and the companies entrepreneurial orientation. Although innovativeness was perceived as the main characteristic, the survival-of-the-fittest strategy was more evident. The entrepreneurial orientation offers a set of relevant selection criteria because it expands the term weak-but-promise into better-defined concepts and relates to the existing incubation literature. Therefore, this analysis presents a more structured approach to effectiveness evaluation of selection process, opening the incubator black box. As future work, it is suggested to evaluate pre-incubation activities to verify their impact along with this approach

Knowledge transmission in industrial clusters: evidence from EuroClusTex

Covering the knowledge economy scenario, this article attempts to illustrate the analysis of the employment of knowledge transmission channels in the EuroClusTex, cross-border textile and clothing cluster between northern Portugal and Galicia. Therefore, an exploratory research was conducted. Primary data were obtained through participation in events, from interviews with key informants (entrepreneurs, leaders of cluster support institutions and government representatives). The secondary data were provided by the cluster support institutions, international organizations and the literature review. The results showed that EuroClusTex contributes to the competitiveness of regions, boosting trade relations between Galicia and northern Portugal. The most effective knowledge transmission channels in EuroClusTex were identified as: imitation, relationship with suppliers, public policy and human resources training. Experiences similar to EuroClusTex can be considered and served as examples for the development of clustering policies in other countries.This work was financially supported by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) (National Council for the Improvement of Higher Education).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Turismo de base comunitaria: un enfoque en la perspectiva del análisis de clusters

O Turismo de Base Comunitária (TBC), que se pratica no Brasil, embora reconhecido como uma importante estratégia de desenvolvimento local apresenta problemas. A sua composição básica assemelha-se à do cluster de empresas. O conhecimento sobre formas de organizações como clusters poderia servir ao estudo e análise de TBC, contribuir para a solução dos seus problemas e favorecer o seu desenvolvimento no território brasileiro. O modelo de cluster de Porter (1998) talvez sirva à análise de projetos de TBC, afinal envolve variáveis comuns a ambas as formas de organização, como localização geográfica, cooperação e compartilhamento de recursos. Este artigo tem como objetivo estudar de que forma a abordagem da análise de cluster poderia contribuir para o TBC em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Para tanto, realiza-se uma breve revisão da literatura sobre a temática e sua discussão com base em Porter, de dois Projetos de TBC existentes neste município. Da análise depreende-se que, a formação de parcerias com agências de turismo, a estruturação da governança endógena, a participação de entidades públicas além das já envolvidas nos Projetos e a formação dos comunitários para o empreendedorismo são as principais necessidades identificadas. A cultura local individualista é, por outro lado, o maior desafio a superar.Although Community Based Tourism (CBT), which is practiced in Brazil, is recognized as an important strategy for local development, it presents problems. Its basic composition resembles that of cluster of companies. Knowledge about forms of organization such as clusters could be used for the study and analysis of CBT, helping to resolve their problems, and favoring their development in the Brazilian territory. Porter’s (1998) cluster model may be useful for analyzing CBT projects as it involves variables common to both forms of organization, such as geographic location, cooperation, and resource sharing. This paper studies how the cluster analysis approach could contribute to CBT in Florianópolis in the state of Santa Catarina. For this, a brief literature review was conducted on the subject, followed by a discussion, based on Porter, of two CBT Projects that exist in this municipality. Based on this analysis, the main needs identified are: the formation of partnerships with tourism agencies, the structuring of endogenous governance, the participation of public entities besides those already involved in the projects, and the training of community members for entrepreneurship. The biggest challenge to be overcome, meanwhile, is the individualist local culture.El Turismo de Base Comunitaria (TBC), que se practica en Brasil, aunque reconocido como una importante estrategia de desarrollo local presenta problemas. Su composición básica se asemeja a la del cluster de empresas. El conocimiento sobre formas de organizaciones como clusters podría servir al estudio y análisis de TBC, contribuir a la solución de sus problemas y favorecer su desarrollo en el territorio brasileño. El modelo de clúster de Porter (1998) puede servir para analizar los proyectos de TBC, porque implica variables comunes a ambas formas de organización, como ubicación geográfica, cooperación y recursos compartidos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar cómo el abordaje del análisis de cluster podría contribuir al TBC en Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Para ello, se realiza una breve revisión de la literatura sobre la temática y su discusión con base en Porter, de dos Proyectos de TBC existentes en este municipio. En el análisis se desprende que la formación de asociaciones con agencias de turismo, la estructuración de la gobernanza endógena, la participación de entidades públicas además de las ya involucradas en los Proyectos y la formación de los comunitarios para el espíritu emprendedor son las principales necesidades identificadas. La cultura local individualista es, por otro lado, el mayor desafío a superar

Analysis of a collaborative scheduling model applied in a job shop manufacturing environment

Collaborative Manufacturing Scheduling (CMS) is not yet a properly explored decision making practice, although its potential for being currently explored, in the digital era, by combining efforts among a set of entities, either persons or machines, to jointly cooperate for solving some more or less complex scheduling problem, namely occurring in job shop manufacturing environments. In this paper, an interoperable scheduling system integrating a proposed scheduling model, along with varying kinds of solving algorithms, are put forward and analyzed through an industrial case study. The case study was decomposed in three application scenarios, for enabling the evaluation of the proposed scheduling model when envisioning the prioritization of internal–makespan-or external–number of tardy jobs-performance measures, along with a third scenario assigning a same importance or weight to both kinds of performance measures. The results obtained enabled us to realize that the weighted application scenario permitted reaching more balanced, thus a potentially more attractive global solution for the scheduling problem considered through the combination of different kinds of scheduling algorithms for the resolution of each underlying sub problem according to the proposed scheduling model. Besides, the decomposition of a global more complex scheduling problem into simpler sub-problems turns them easier to be solved through the different solving algorithms available, while further enabling to obtain a wider range of alternative schedules to be explored and evaluated. Thus, contributing to enriching the scheduling problem-solving process. A future exploration of the application in other types of manufacturing environments, namely occurring in the context of extended, networked, distributed or virtual production systems, integrating an increased and variable set of collaborating entities or factories, is also suggested.The project is funded by the FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia through the R&D Units Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020, and EXPL/EME-SIS/1224/2021