Vitamin D-mangel og autoimmun sykdom - Finnes det noen sammenheng mellom vitamin D-mangel og autoimmun thyroideasykdom?

Abstract Background: Vitamin D-synthesis in skin, due to UVB radiation from sun, is the predominating source of vitamin D. Fatty fish and cod liver oil are also sources rich in vitamin D, but contribute far less than production in the dermis. The best known function of Vitamin D is to elevate the plasma levels of calcium and phosphate, both substrates necessary for mineralization of bone. Vitamin D deficiency is a common condition in the population, and is well known to increase the risk of osteoporosis. Lately, vitamin D has been implicated in the development of a lot of common diseases including autoimmune disorders. Objective: The aim of this thesis was therefore to examine the evidence for a relation between vitamin D deficiency and the development of autoimmune disease, in particular autoimmune thyroid disease. Methods: Literature search Results: The data emerging on possible associations between vitamin D deficiency are conflicting, with some studies reporting a clear association and others showing no relationship. Conclusion: Numerous studies have shown an association between vitamin D deficiency and autoimmune hypo- and hyperthyroid diseases. Negative studies have been published too, and there is no evidence for vitamin D supplementation reducing the risk of these diseases. Additional interventional studies are required to conclude whether there is an association between vitamin D deficiency and autoimmune diseases. This will be essential in order to transfer the results into clinical practice