BIO-ORIENTED AGRARIAN ECONOMY INVESTMENT PROGNOSIS IN THE EU COUNTRIES

The purpose of the investigation is making a prognosis of bio-oriented agrarian economy investment in the EU countries and preparing a set of steps how to attract investment in the bio-oriented agrarian economy sectors. Nowadays investment is one of the critical factors of bio-oriented agrarian economy development. It was set as one of the priories in the European Strategy 2020, where they defined the bio-oriented economy as the main engine for smart and innovation growth in Europe. Methodology. To make a prognosis, it was used BP Stat program, namely Brown’s, Holt’s, Box–Jenkins, and Olympus’ methods. Results. In the third millennium, the global community faced many objective problems, which need cooperation and relations between nations to solve them. There were defined such challenges: climate changes, the growth of the global population, exhaustion of limited resources and others. To meet these challenges, the European Commission proposed the bio-oriented agrarian economy concept, which is an interdisciplinary phenomenon and combines elements of several fields of science: economy, management, chemistry, biology, pharmacy, physics, and mathematics. In accordance with the EC classification, there are such bio-oriented economy sectors: food, agriculture, paper/pulp, forestry/wood industry, fisheries and aquaculture, bio-chemicals. The main aim of the bio-oriented agrarian economy is a smart use of biological resources to produce healthy food and feed and minimizing the use of limited resources. During the investigation, there were given arguments and explained the necessity of bio-oriented agrarian economy development both on the EU and national levels. It was proved that without investment, it is impossible to develop such a concept. Practical implementations. Obtained prognosis allows to predict the dynamic of bio-oriented agrarian economy investment in Europe and develop a set of steps how to attract investment in this sphere, namely to invest in research and innovation sectors; support commercialization of knowledge and innovation; promote entrepreneurship in the sectors of bio-oriented agrarian economy; develop an innovation-friendly regulatory framework and support creating new jobs in the bio-oriented agrarian economy sectors. Value/originality. Results of the investigation help to improve the theoretical base of bio-oriented agrarian economy concept development and show the importance of investment of bio-economy sectors as on the national levels and on the European one

The Foreign experience in Supporting the Development of Bioeconomics

The article is concerned with analyzing of foreign experience in supporting the development of bioeconomics. It is defined that the development of biotechnologies became the basis for the formation and development of the concept of bioeconomics, which is based on the following fundamentals: use of the gene and cellular engineering knowledge for the development and production of new products; use of biological raw materials to stimulate sustainable growth; internationalization of biotechnology knowledge and its use in different sectors. It is defined that economic motives serve as important factors of development of bioeconomics, namely: conquest of leadership in the sphere of bioindustry, formation of a network of innovation centers. As for foreign experience, the following motives for the adoption of documents on support of the development of bioeconomics in different countries are defined: conquest of leadership in the sphere of bioindustry; formation of a network of innovation centers. The following factors of support of development of the bioeconomy are also defined: investment of venture biotechnological projects; development of appropriate infrastructure to stimulate interaction between science, business and government; institutional support for the protection of intellectual property rights

Energy Security of Ukraine: External Threats From the Russian Federation

A country’s energy security is an important component of its overall national security, as energy supply is essential for the functioning of its national economy and the livelihoods of its population. The purpose of this research is to develop practical tools for analyzing the condition of Ukraine’s energy sector, and to provide practical recommendations for potential development and integration into the single European energy system. The practical value of the research findings is that the SWOT-analysis (Strengths – Weakness – Opportunities – Troubles) of the energy sector of Ukraine which makes it possible to identify the most acute problems and threats that have a negative impact on the energy sector of Ukraine and its integration into the European common energy system. Based on the results of the conducted SWOT-analysis, three potential scenarios for the development of Ukraine’s energy sector are proposed: a “no change” scenario (preservation of current trends and state of affairs); an “unfriendly influence” scenario (no systemic changes in energy policy combined with the escalation of aggression by the Russian Federation); and a “positive transformation” scenario (targeted efforts aimed at achieving the goals set out in this Strategy). The paper suggests the following possible ways of ensuring energy import substitution for Ukraine: development of renewable energy; development of energy efficiency; development of its own oil and gas industry; development of alternative energy sources; diversification of energy import sources; development of energy infrastructure; developing energy self-sufficiency in its individual regions.La sécurité énergétique d’un pays est une composante importante de sa sécurité nationale globale, car l’approvisionnement en énergie est essentiel au fonctionnement de son économie nationale et aux moyens de subsistance de sa population. L’objectif de cette recherche est de développer des outils pratiques pour analyser la situation du secteur énergétique ukrainien et de fournir des recommandations pratiques pour le développement potentiel et l’intégration dans le système énergétique européen unique. La valeur pratique des résultats de la recherche est que l’analyse SWOT (Strengths – Weakness – Opportunities – Troubles) du secteur énergétique de l’Ukraine permet d’identifier les problèmes les plus aigus et les menaces qui ont un impact négatif sur le secteur énergétique de l’Ukraine et son intégration dans le système énergétique européen commun. Sur la base des résultats de l’analyse SWOT, trois scénarios potentiels de développement du secteur énergétique ukrainien sont proposés : un scénario “sans changement” (maintien des tendances et de la situation actuelles) ; un scénario “influence inamicale” (pas de changements systémiques dans la politique énergétique combinés à l’escalade de l’agression par la Fédération de Russie) ; et un scénario “transformation positive” (efforts ciblés visant à atteindre les objectifs fixés dans cette stratégie). L’article propose les moyens suivants pour assurer la substitution des importations d’énergie pour l’Ukraine : développement des énergies renouvelables ; développement de l’efficacité énergétique ; développement de sa propre industrie pétrolière et gazière ; développement de sources d’énergie alternatives ; diversification des sources d’importation d’énergie ; développement de l’infrastructure énergétique; développement de l’autosuffisance énergétique dans ses différentes régions

The Institutional Support for the Development of Knowledge-Based Bioeconomy: the European Experience

The article is aimed at researching the European experience of institutional support for the development of knowledge-based bioeconomy, as well as identifying the factors contributing to formation of bioclusters and bioregions. The knowledge-based bioeconomy is a transformation of the knowledge of life sciences into new, stable, ecological and competitive products. In terms of efficiency, the knowledge-based bioeconomy represents the stable management, production, and use of renewable biological resources, based on knowledge of life sciences and biotechnology. The following activities are proposed to support the development of knowledge-based bioeconomy: improvement of cluster policy; development of the transnational cluster cooperation; support for existing clusters; facilitating the integration of innovative small and medium-sized firms into clusters. Criteria of formation of the structure of biocluster have been defined as follows: quality of research and advanced development, which will be carried out within cluster; quality of education in the relevant industries; dynamics of creation of new and innovative firms in region; attraction of regional innovation potential, internationally known scientists, and also foreign investments; availability of regional tools to support innovation; demand on the part of public sector

Possibilities of utilization of the virtual environments in education

The paper is devoted to understanding the influence of economic competitiveness and environmental sustainability on education. It was concluded that national economic competitiveness is linked to intellectual and capital and is driven by knowledge, and innovation. Sustainable development requires an understanding of the complexity of the global ecosystem and of creative problem-solving to find solutions to ‘wicked problems’ such as that of reconciling economic activity with a sustainable environment. It was highlighted the following overarching needs to: give a higher profile to the notion of interdependence: how closely one part of an ecosystem is linked to and depends upon another; making humanity more aware of its own fragility on this planet; highlight the role of cooperation: problems faced will only be resolved by international cooperation; develop the notion of a global public good: environmental sustainability can only be achieved by trans ceding particular national or individual needs

Economic efficiency of oilseed production in Ukraine

The paper studies the dynamics of the relative production efficiency of the main agricultural crops in Ukrainian enterprises for 2017 – 2019 years, in particular sunflower. It has been established that price instability restrains the intensification at which oilseed yield increases, but the degree of risk increases due to the simultaneous trend of convergence of price indicators and production costs. It is concluded that the capacity building of the oil and fat industry should have scientifically sound limits. The work is innovative in terms of its approaches and recommendations, as well as in a new perspective of researching topics. The issues and provisions given in it may be used to analyze existing theoretical positions. In addition, the theoretical significance of the paper is it can become a motif and a major base for further studies in the given direction. The practical implementation of the conclusions, recommendations and suggestions obtained from the research will contribute to the stability of oilseed production after the Covid-19 pandemic

Problems and perspectives of sustainable trade development in China under the one belt one road initiative

In the paper the authors proved that China’s growth towards dominance in international trade has begun recently, but, on average, the growth of China’s trade volume has doubled every four years over the past three decades. The paper analyses that the rapid growth of the Chinese economy provides all countries around the world especially neigh boring countries, with a chance of interconnected development, which had a decisive impact on the economic prosperity of the world economy at the end of the last and at the beginning of this century. The key priority of Chinese economic policy was called attracting FDI, but gradually it focused on foreign direct investment (FDI) from China. Therefore, the “one belt, one road” initiative has brought maximum effect not only on the country itself, but on the entire global economy, and has become the basis for multilateral economic development. Accordingly, we have come to the conclusion that the project the “one belt, one road” has a goal to strengthen the geopolitical cooperation between Asia and Europe, so it is Ukraine that is important in its implementation. Ukraine is a strategically important logistics hub between Asia and Europe. It is proved that Ukraine is now a promising country in Eastern Europe and has a significant deferred purchasing power potential, which will increase if the political and economic situation in the country stabilizes

SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION OF BIOECONOMIC SECURITY: EXPERIENCE OF POLAND, UKRAINE AND AZERBAIJAN

The paper is devoted to bioeconomic security on the European continent in the context of international innovation system creation. The aim of the paper is to study a new direction of bioeconomics - the formation of conditions for strengthening economic security the contextin to define the elements of national innovation system. We define the category "bioeconomic security" and main elements of the national innovation system: synergistic knowledge and innovation creating; shift to innovative advanced technologies; implementation of effective organizational and administrative solutions for creation of agro-biotechnology clusters; promotion of complex resource preservation and transition to renewable energy; implementation of large-scale research. To strengthen economic security of the European countries, it is necessary to organize a comprehensive monitoring of all necessary indicators (using the integrated index) and begin to form bioenergetic clusters. The calculated index bioeconomic security clearly shows that four different countries (Poland, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and the Netherlands) that have individual advantages will be able to create a positive synergetic effect if they join a single bioenergetic cluster. Thus, it can be argued that bioeconomic security on the European continent is possible only if all European innovation systems are integrated into one complex system, which will ensure a high probability of energy independence