Aenigmachanna mahabali, a new species of troglophilic snakehead (Pisces: Channidae) from Kerala, India

Basheer, V.S., Ravi, Charan (2019): Aenigmachanna mahabali, a new species of troglophilic snakehead (Pisces: Channidae) from Kerala, India. Zootaxa 4638 (3): 410-418, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.3.

New biogeographic data and DNA barcodes for the Indian swellshark, Cephaloscyllium silasi (Talwar, 1974) (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae), from Andaman waters

Indian swellshark, Cephaloscyllium silasi (Talwar, 1974), is reported for the first time in Andaman waters, India which is a considerable extension of its known distribution range with more than 1000 km toward eastern Indian EEZ. This is the first confirmed geographic distributional record of poorly known deep-water Indian swellshark, C. silasi, in the Andaman waters and first outside its type locality. A detailed morphological description of C. silasi collected from Andaman waters and comparison with other known materials along with the molecular barcodes are provided

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Not AvailableRandom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was applied to individuals of Horabagrus brachysoma sampled from three geographic locations of Western Ghat river systems in India. Of the thirty-two 10-mer RAPD primers screened initially, ten were chosen and used in a comparative analysis of H. brachysoma collected from Chalakkudy, Meenachil and Nethravathi river systems. A total of 124 RAPD fragments were amplified, out of which 49 (39.51%) were found to be shared by individuals of all three river systems. The remaining 75 fragments were found to be polymorphic (60.48%). This confirms the suitability of RAPD markers for the study of population genetic structure in yellow catfish stocks.The Indian Council of Agricultural Research- National Agricultural Technology Project (ICAR-NATP

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Not AvailableA new cell line HGF was developed from fin tissue of Epinephelus merra Bloch, 1793. The cell line was maintained in Leibovitz’s L-15 supplemented with 15% FBS and cells have been subcultured 45 times. The HGF cell line consists predominantly of fibroblastic-like cells. The cells were able to grow at temperatures between 25° and 32°C with optimum temperature of 28°C. The growth rate of fin cells increased as the FBS proportion increased from 2 to 20% at 28°C with optimum growth at the concentrations of 15 or 20% FBS. After confluence, the cells were sub-cultured with a split ratio of 1:2. The cells showed fibroblastic-like morphology and reached confluence on the fourth day after subculture. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COI indicated identity of these cell lines with those reported from this animal species, confirming that the cell lines were of honeycomb grouper origin. The cells were successfully cryopreserved and revived at passage numbers 10, 20 and 30. The bacterial extracellular products from Vibrio cholerae MTCC 3904 was found toxic to this cell line.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe two species of yellow catfish, Horabagrus brachysoma and H. nigricollaris are categorized as ‘endangered’ and ‘critically endangered’ respectively in their wild habitat. Proper knowledge of genetic structure and variability of these endangered species are highly essential for the management, conservation and improvement of fish stocks. Therefore, genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships between these species of yellow catfish sampled from Chalakkudy River in the hot spot of biodiversity-Western Ghats region, Kerala, India were analyzed by using Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite markers. 85 RAPD and five microsatellites loci were detected to analyze the genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships among these species. Out of 85 RAPD loci produced only 52.94% were polymorphic whereas in microsatellite, all 5 loci were polymorphic (100%). Species-specific RAPD bands were found in both species studied. In microsatellite, the number of alleles across the five loci ranged from 1 to 8. The observed heterozygosities in H. brachysoma and H. nigricollaris were 0.463 and 0.443, respectively. Here, both RAPD and microsatellite methods reported a low degree of gene diversity and lack of genetic heterogeneity in both species of Horabagrus which strongly emphasize the need of fishery management, conservation and rehabilitation of these species.Indian Council of Agricultural Research– National Agricultural Technology Project (ICAR–NATP

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Not AvailableRandom-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite markers were developed and used for the analysis of genetic variability in the critically endangered yellow catfish Horabagrus nigricollaris, sampled from the Chalakkudy River, Kerala, India. Eight RAPD and five microsatellite markers were detected to genotype the species. In RAPD, the 73 fragments were 20.55% polymorphic, whereas 4 polymorphic loci (80%) were obtained in microsatellites. In microsatellites, the number of alleles across the 5 loci was 1-5, and the range of heterozygosity was 0.25-0.5. The mean observed number of alleles was 2.4, and the effective number was 1.775 per locus. The average heterozygosity across all investigated samples was 0.29, indicating a significant deficiency of heterozygotes in this species. RAPD and microsatellite methods report a low degree of gene diversity and lack of genetic heterogeneity in the population of H. nigricollaris, emphasizing the need for fishery management, conservation, and rehabilitation of this species.The Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Agricultural Technology Project (ICAR-NATP

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Not AvailableCyprinus carpio koi fin (CCKF) cell line was established and characterized from the caudal fin tissue of ornamental common carp, C. carpio koi. This cell line has been maintained in L-15 medium supplemented with 15% foetal bovine serum (FBS) and subcultured more than 52 times over a period of 24 mo. The CCKF cell line consisted of epithelial cells and was able to grow at temperatures between 22 and 35°C with an optimum temperature of 28°C. The growth rate of these cells increased as the proportion of FBS increased from 2 to 20% with optimum growth at the concentrations of 15% FBS. Karyotype analysis revealed that the modal chromosome number of CCKF cells was 2n = 100. Partial amplification and sequencing of fragments of two mitochondrial genes 16S rRNA and COI confirmed that CCKF cell line originated from ornamental common carp. The CCKF cells showed strong reaction to the cytokeratin marker, indicating that it was epithelial in nature. The extracellular products of Vibrio cholerae MTCC 3904 and Aeromonas hydrophila were toxic to the CCKF cells and not susceptible to viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV). These CCKF cells were confirmed for the absence of Mycoplasma sp. by polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, 90% of viable cells could be effectively revived 4 mo after cryopreservation from CCKF cell population suggesting the possibility of long-term storage of the cells.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableSeveral problems are encountered during transportation of fishes from wild to captivity. The note describes successful transportation of wild caught endangered Labeo dussumieri spawners over distances below 100 km without anesthesia or sophisticated transporting devices which is of immense help in the gene banking programme of endangered species.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe comparative assessment of genetic diversity using allozymes, ran dom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and microsatellite markers was con ducted in endemic and endangered yellow catfish (Horabagrus brachysoma) sampled from three locations in Western Ghats river systems of India. Among the three markers, microsatellites show more polymorphism, having 100% polymorphic loci, whereas allozymes show the least (56%). In RAPD, 60.5% of fragments were polymorphic. Observed heterozygosity and FST values were very high in micro satellites, compared with the other markers. Microsatellite and RAPD markers reported a higher degree of genetic differentiation than allozymes among the populations depicted by pairwise FST/GST, AMOVA, Nei’s genetic distance, and UPGMA dendrogram. The three classes of markers demonstrated striking genetic differentiation between pairs of H. brachysoma populations. The data emphasize the need for fishery management, conservation, and rehabilitation of this speciesNot Availabl