Casimir Energy of the Universe and the Dark Energy Problem

We regard the Casimir energy of the universe as the main contribution to the cosmological constant. Using 5 dimensional models of the universe, the flat model and the warped one, we calculate Casimir energy. Introducing the new regularization, called {\it sphere lattice regularization}, we solve the divergence problem. The regularization utilizes the closed-string configuration. We consider 4 different approaches: 1) restriction of the integral region (Randall-Schwartz), 2) method of 1) using the minimal area surfaces, 3) introducing the weight function, 4) {\it generalized path-integral}. We claim the 5 dimensional field theories are quantized properly and all divergences are renormalized. At present, it is explicitly demonstrated in the numerical way, not in the analytical way. The renormalization-group function (\be-function) is explicitly obtained. The renormalization-group flow of the cosmological constant is concretely obtained.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figures, Proceedings of DSU2011(2011.9.26-30,Beijin

Пористые бетоны и области их применения

Some aspects of resource saving problem in the process of mass construction and operation of heated construction installations are considered in the paper. A special attention is paid to necessary application of porous concrete products in the process of the housing construction. The preference is given to the products made of autoclave cellular concrete and cement hydrophobisized cement perlite concrete.Рассмотрены некоторые аспекты проблемы ресурсосбережения при массовом строительстве и эксплуатации отапливаемых строительных объектов. Обращается внимание на необходимость применения в данном строительстве жилья изделий из пористых бетонов, прежде всего из автоклавного ячеистого бетона и гидрофобизированного цементного перлитобетона

On Pure Spinor Superfield Formalism

We show that a certain superfield formalism can be used to find an off-shell supersymmetric description for some supersymmetric field theories where conventional superfield formalism does not work. This "new" formalism contains even auxiliary variables in addition to conventional odd super-coordinates. The idea of this construction is similar to the pure spinor formalism developed by N.Berkovits. It is demonstrated that using this formalism it is possible to prove that the certain Chern-Simons-like (Witten's OSFT-like) theory can be considered as an off-shell version for some on-shell supersymmetric field theories. We use the simplest non-trivial model found in [2] to illustrate the power of this pure spinor superfield formalism. Then we redo all the calculations for the case of 10-dimensional Super-Yang-Mills theory. The construction of off-shell description for this theory is more subtle in comparison with the model of [2] and requires additional Z_2 projection. We discover experimentally (through a direct explicit calculation) a non-trivial Z_2 duality at the level of Feynman diagrams. The nature of this duality requires a better investigation

Non-intersecting squared Bessel paths and multiple orthogonal polynomials for modified Bessel weights

We study a model of $n$ non-intersecting squared Bessel processes in the confluent case: all paths start at time $t = 0$ at the same positive value $x = a$, remain positive, and are conditioned to end at time $t = T$ at $x = 0$. In the limit $n \to \infty$, after appropriate rescaling, the paths fill out a region in the $tx$-plane that we describe explicitly. In particular, the paths initially stay away from the hard edge at $x = 0$, but at a certain critical time $t^*$ the smallest paths hit the hard edge and from then on are stuck to it. For $t \neq t^*$ we obtain the usual scaling limits from random matrix theory, namely the sine, Airy, and Bessel kernels. A key fact is that the positions of the paths at any time $t$ constitute a multiple orthogonal polynomial ensemble, corresponding to a system of two modified Bessel-type weights. As a consequence, there is a $3 \times 3$ matrix valued Riemann-Hilbert problem characterizing this model, that we analyze in the large $n$ limit using the Deift-Zhou steepest descent method. There are some novel ingredients in the Riemann-Hilbert analysis that are of independent interest.Comment: 59 pages, 11 figure

Deconstructing holographic liquids

We argue that there exist simple effective field theories describing the long-distance dynamics of holographic liquids. The degrees of freedom responsible for the transport of charge and energy-momentum are Goldstone modes. These modes are coupled to a strongly coupled infrared sector through emergent gauge and gravitational fields. The IR degrees of freedom are described holographically by the near-horizon part of the metric, while the Goldstone bosons are described by a field-theoretical Lagrangian. In the cases where the holographic dual involves a black hole, this picture allows for a direct connection between the holographic prescription where currents live on the boundary, and the membrane paradigm where currents live on the horizon. The zero-temperature sound mode in the D3-D7 system is also re-analyzed and re-interpreted within this formalism.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figure

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПОДПОДБОРОДОЧНОГО И ЛУЧЕВОГО ЛОСКУТОВ ДЛЯ РЕКОНСТРУКЦИИ ПРИ РАКЕ СЛИЗИСТОЙ ОБОЛОЧКИ ПОЛОСТИ РТА

Introduction. Due to anatomical features, surgical treatment of oral cancer can lead to significant functional and esthetic defects. Main methods of reconstruction can be divided into groups of local and free flaps. There are lots of publications devoted to reconstruction of defects of oral cavity with the use of local and free flaps, but only few of them contain the comparison of these methods in the aspect of functional results.Materials and methods. A total of 58 patients with oral cancer were included in our study. All patients received surgical treatment with one-time reconstruction of defect. In 34 cases we used free radial flap and in 24 – submental local flap.Results. The use of submental flap has advantages in the intraoperative time, time of recovery, functional results, with the same locoregional control.Conclusions. We suggest submental local flap and radial free flap to be the method of choice in reconstruction of mucosa and soft tissues defects in patients with primary and recurrent oral cancer.В связи с анатомическими особенностями орофарингеальной зоны при злокачественных опухолях зачастую необходимо выполнять расширенные и расширенно-комбинированные вмешательства, что может привести к значительным функциональным и эстетическим нарушениям. Основные способы реконструкции можно разделить на группы регионарных и свободных лоскутов. Несмотря на множество публикаций по реконструкции дефектов полости рта с использованием свободных и регионарных лоскутов, существует немного сообщений, в которых эти два способа сравнивались бы между собой по уровню восстановления функций глотания, жевания, дыхания и речи. В исследование включено 58 больных раком слизистой оболочки полости рта, которым было выполнено хирургическое лечение в самостоятельном (17 пациентов) или комбинированном (41 пациент) плане. По результатам проведенной работы использование подподбородочного перемещенного и лучевого свободного лоскутов является методом выбора для замещения дефектов слизистой оболочки и мягких тканей полости рта у пациентов с первичным и рецидивным раком слизистой оболочки полости рта и ротоглотки. Подподбородочный лоскут имеет преимущества по интра- и послеоперационным временным показателям и параметрам качества жизни пациентов, не ухудшая данные локорегионарного контроля

Restricting SBH Ambiguity via Restriction Enzymes

Abstract. The expected number of n-base long sequences consistent with a given SBH spectrum grows exponentially with n, which severely limits the potential range of applicability of SBH even in an error-free setting. Restriction enzymes (RE) recognize specific patterns and cut the DNA molecule at all locations of that pattern. The output of a restriction assay is the set of lengths of the resulting fragments. By augmenting the SBH spectrum with the target string’s RE spectrum, we can eliminate much of the ambiguity of SBH. In this paper, we build on [20] to enhance the resolving power of restriction enzymes. We give a hardness result for the SBH+RE problem, and supply improved heuristics for the existing backtracking algorithm. We prove a lower bound on the number restric-tion enzymes required for unique reconstruction, and show experimental results that are not far from this bound.

Historic buildings and the creation of experiencescapes: looking to the past for future success

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify the role that the creative re-use of historic buildings can play in the future development of the experiences economy. The aesthetic attributes and the imbued historic connotation associated with the building help create unique and extraordinary “experiencescapes” within the contemporary tourism and hospitality industries. Design/methodology/approach: This paper provides a conceptual insight into the creative re-use of historic buildings in the tourism and hospitality sectors, the work draws on two examples of re-use in the UK. Findings: This work demonstrates how the creative re-use of historic buildings can help create experiences that are differentiated from the mainstream hospitality experiences. It also identifies that it adds an addition unquantifiable element that enables the shift to take place from servicescape to experiencescape. Originality/value: There has been an ongoing debate as to the significance of heritage in hospitality and tourism. However, this paper provides an insight into how the practical re-use of buildings can help companies both benefit from and contribute to the experiences economy