Setting a precautionary catch limit for Antarctic krill

A revised precautionary catch limit for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in the Scotia Sea of 4 million tons was recently adopted by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). The limit was based on a total biomass of 44.3 million tons, as estimated from an acoustic and net survey of krill across the Scotia Sea sector of the Southern Ocean, and a harvest rate of 9.1%, as determined from an analysis of the risks of exceeding defined conservation criteria. We caution, however, that before the fishery can expand to the 4-inillion-ton level it will be necessary to establish mechanisms to avoid concentration of fishing effort, particularly in proximity to colonies of land-breeding krill predators, and to consider the effects of krill immigrating into the region from multiple sources

Identification of KIF21A mutations as a rare cause of congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles type 3 (CFEOM3).

PURPOSE. Three congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles phenotypes (CFEOM1-3) have been identified. Each represents a specific form of paralytic strabismus characterized by congenital restrictive ophthalmoplegia, often with accompanying ptosis. It has been demonstrated that CFEOM1 results from mutations in KIF21A and CFEOM2 from mutations in PHOX2A. This study was conducted to determine the incidence of KIF21A and PHOX2A mutations among individuals with the third CFEOM phenotype, CFEOM3. METHODS. All pedigrees and sporadic individuals with CFEOM3 in the authors' database were identified, whether the pedigrees were linked or consistent with linkage to the FEOM1, FEOM2, and/or FEOM3 loci was determined, and the appropriate pedigrees and the sporadic individuals were screened for mutations in KIF21A and PHOX2A. RESULTS. Twelve CFEOM3 pedigrees and 10 CFEOM3 sporadic individuals were identified in the database. The structures of eight of the pedigrees permitted the generation of meaningful linkage data. KIF21A was screened in 17 probands, and mutations were identified in two CFEOM3 pedigrees. One pedigree harbored a novel mutation (2841G-->A, M947I) and one harbored the most common and recurrent of the CFEOM1 mutations identified previously (2860C-->T, R954W). None of CFEOM3 pedigrees or sporadic individuals harbored mutations in PHOX2A. CONCLUSIONS. The results demonstrate that KIF21A mutations are a rare cause of CFEOM3 and that KIF21A mutations can be nonpenetrant. Although KIF21A is the first gene to be associated with CFEOM3, the results imply that mutations in the unidentified FEOM3 gene are the more common cause of this phenotype

Comparison of thallium-201 SPECT redistribution patterns and rubidium-82 PET rest-stress myocardial blood flow imaging

To compare regional thallium-201 SPECT redistribution patterns with rubidium-82 PET, we studied 81 patients with both imaging modalities. Sixty patients had significant coronary artery disease. All patients underwent PET imaging after dipyridamole infusion, while SPECT imaging was performed after exercise stress (38 patients) and dipyridamole (43 patients). Sixty-eight percent of patients with prior infarct had fixed defects on SPECT, compared to 39% with PET. Sixty-one percent of patients with prior infarct had PET perfusion defects which exhibited ‘reflow’ or normal rubidium-82 tracer uptake (p < 0.05 vs. SPECT). Similar results were seen in patients without prior infarct (26% fixed defects on SPECT vs. 12% for PET, p < 0.05). Regional analysis showed that 57% of fixed SPECT defects corresponded to PET defects with reflow or normal rubidium-82 uptake, while 78% of ‘fixed’ PET defects corresponded to fixed SPECT defects. PET reflow and normal rubidium-82 uptake in sites of fixed thallium-201 SPECT perfusion defects suggest that imaging modalities employing separate tracer injections at rest and after stress, such as rubidium-82 PET, may be more specific in the assessment of myocardial viability, especially in patients with prior myocardial infarction.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42537/1/10554_2005_Article_BF01151577.pd

The effect of rectus muscle recession, resection and plication on anterior segment circulation in humans

In 1776 by royal decree a bank and a Royal Mining College were to be constructed attesting to the silver boom of 1775-1776. Tolsá began work on the building in 1797. The building is often described as the best example of neoclassical architecture in Mexico City. The Real Seminario de Minería (1797-1813; now the Palacio de Minería), covering an area of almost 7500 sq. m and built around seven courtyards, is one of his finest architectural works. It is classical in style yet closely integrated with the surrounding contemporary architecture in Mexico City in a way that shows the direct dissemination of form and content to actual buildings at a time when academic architectural studies were important.; In 1776 by royal decree a bank and a Royal Mining College were to be constructed attesting to the silver boom of 1775-1776. Tolsá began work on the building in 1797. The building is often described as the best example of neoclassical architecture in Mexico City. The Real Seminario de Minería (1797-1813; now the Palacio de Minería), covering an area of almost 7500 sq. m and built around seven courtyards, is one of his finest architectural works. It is classical in style yet closely integrated with the surrounding contemporary architecture in Mexico City in a way that shows the direct dissemination of form and content to actual buildings at a time when academic architectural studies were important. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.oxfordartonline.com/ (accessed 6/22/2009