Application of GIS in interpretation of the results of multistage hydraulic fracturing monitoring by surface microseismic method

Currently, the problem of interpretation of microseismic monitoring data is a critical task. Along with the improvement of field survey technologies and data processing, as well as with the development of realtime hydraulic fracturing monitoring by microseismic methods there are several problems to solve, such as objectivity of geological data, the data reference with the local and regional stress-strain state of the rock massif. The aim of this work is the post-processing of surface microseismic monitoring results with the use of geographic information systems. An analytical basis of data processing is spatial statistics set of tools of ArcGIS ESRI software, which is traditionally used to identify the patterns in the spatial distribution of any point events containing georeference component. The paper shows an approach to process an interpretation in complex situations, such as fracking pump failure, when the cloud of microseismic events shows a random distribution. Main attention in the work was paid for geological interpretation of the results obtained and their relation with the results of regional stress-strain state investigation. Significant convergence is detected for the orientation of natural fractures defined by surface seismic surveys, microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fracture propagation and regional lineament analysis basing on satellite images

Integration of the seismic and geochemistry data to evaluate hydrocarbon potential of the carbonate reservoirs in Tatarstan, Russia

© SGEM2018. The article describes the results of the integration of the geochemical and seismic data on one of the oilfields of Tatarstan Republic in Russian Federation. The complex geological structure of the oil bearing formations of Carboniferous age results in misinterpretation of the geophysical data and drilling of the dry wells. Some potential structural oil traps find from the seismic data interpretation are water bearing. To avoid nonproductive drilling authors studied seismic faults and their connection with the geochemical anomalies. On the first step the faults in the potential oil-bearing formation of the Tournaisian age were traced in the 2D seismic lines. Then the geochemical parameter (propane concentration in the soils) was studied in 90 observation points. The gas anomaly represented by propane is indicative, because the biochemical genesis of methane homologues is practically excluded, and their content in coal is insignificant. That means that the increased content of propane is connected with the presence of hydrocarbons. It appears that in the presents of oil in the formation geochemical anomaly and the fault in the Tournaisian formation are coincide. That can be used as additional source of information to avoid nonproductive drilling

Development of slurries and study of properties of cement mixtures to increase the quality of well completion

Physical and mechanical properties of polymer cement slurries and cement stone are studied. The goal of the work is to improve the quality of completion of productive formations by development of polymer cement mixtures with improved structural and mechanical characteristics of a cementing slurry and cement stone. During the completion a special attention is paid to the preservation of well cement stone quality. So, there is a brittle fracture of the cement stone occur because of the dynamic loads caused by cumulative and bullet perforation, as well as the torpedoing of casing strings. Using such methods of well completion a cement stone can be destroyed both in perforation intervals and in places of bridges that separate productive layers from aquifers. The consequence of that opening is the accelerated growgh of water cut of wells. Despite the high technical level of new types of perforators, they are not widely used in drilling of oil and gas wells because of the large time and metal consumption of the work performed and, consequently, high financial costs of their use. It is known that the integrity of the cement stone is ensured at perforation during the transition of the coagulation structure of a cement suspension to crystal one. For a normal cement slurry (water/cement = 0.5) that moment occurs relatively quickly (7-15 h), which is not enough for perforation operations. In order to modify the properties of a cement mixture the compositions of cation-active surfactant (catamine) and non-ionic polymer (polyvinylpyrrolidone) were chosen. Results of experimental studies show that the input of these agents into the composition of a cement mixture leads to an increase in spreadability of a cement slurry (more than 25 cm by the cone of Azerbaijan Scientific Research Institute), time of its bondability, strength of a cement stone for compression (200 % after 28 days of hardening) and bending (250 %), adhesion of cement stone to metal (by 80 %) and time of coagulation structure setting. In addition, plastic properties of the developed cement slurry are retained for more than 19 hours. The influence of the agent (defoamer T-66) on the rate of cement stone strengthening is determined. It is shown that input of a nonionic high molecular polymer reduces the rate of the formation of crystal structure in a cementing mixture

Genome assembly using quantum and quantum-inspired annealing

Recent advances in DNA sequencing open prospects to make whole-genome analysis rapid and reliable, which is promising for various applications including personalized medicine. However, existing techniques for {\it de novo} genome assembly, which is used for the analysis of genomic rearrangements, chromosome phasing, and reconstructing genomes without a reference, require solving tasks of high computational complexity. Here we demonstrate a method for solving genome assembly tasks with the use of quantum and quantum-inspired optimization techniques. Within this method, we present experimental results on genome assembly using quantum annealers both for simulated data and the $\phi$X 174 bacteriophage. Our results pave a way for an increase in the efficiency of solving bioinformatics problems with the use of quantum computing and, in particular, quantum annealing. We expect that the new generation of quantum annealing devices would outperform existing techniques for {\it de novo} genome assembly. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental study of de novo genome assembly problems both for real and synthetic data on quantum annealing devices and quantum-inspired techniques.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the influence of photodynamic therapy in the complex treatment of inflammatory processes of oral mucosa

Diseases of the oral mucosa remain an important problem of dentistry, as their diagnosis and treatment are significant difficulties. The results of their treatment depend on the possibility of eliminating the etiological factor and the impact on the mechanisms of the disease. Physiotherapy procedures were used in the complex treatment of the oral mucosa. The result of the complex treatment was normalization of the composition of the oral microflora, expressed korregiruyuschee effect on local immunity, as well as an increase in the terms of remission of the disease, compared with patients receiving only conventional treatment.Заболевания слизистой оболочки рта остаются важной проблемой стоматологии, так как их диагностика и лечение составляют значительные трудности. результаты их лечения зависят от возможности устранения этиологического фактора и воздействия на механизмы заболевания. В комплексном лечении слизистой оболочки рта применялся физиотерапевтических процедур. результатом проведенного комплексного лечения явились нормализация состава микрофлоры полости рта, выраженное корригирующее влияние на местный иммунитет, а также увеличение сроков ремиссии заболевания, по сравнению с пациентами, получавшими только традиционное лечение

Ecological significance of conditionally pathogenic microflora in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases

In this article the ecological characteristic of microbiocenosis of the oral cavity is given, which allowed to estimate not only the composition of biocenosis but also its ecological significance in the development of major dental diseases in young people living in a large industrial region on the example of Ufa. The study of microbiocenosis of the oral cavity showed that in this category of persons there are changes in the structure of microorganisms with the domination of opportunistic microorganisms, due to the decrease in the incidence of resident representatives. To characterize the biocenosis, quantitative indicators were supplemented by the state of candidacy or dysbiosis in the direction of candidiasis. It is established that in this category of persons the wealth of species of microorganisms of the oral cavity significantly increased. According to the results of the study, the environmental characteristics of the microbiocenosis of the oral cavity were determined, which allowed to assess its composition and environmental significance in this category of persons living in a disadvantaged environmental situation.В настоящей статье дана экологическая характеристика микробиоценоза полости рта, позволившая оценить не только состав биоценоза но и его экологическую значимость в развитии основных стоматологических заболеваний у лиц молодого возраста, проживающих в крупном промышленном регионе на примере г. Уфы. Изучение микробиоценоза полости рта показало, что у данной категории лиц происходят изменения структуры микроорганизмов с доминированием условно-патогенных микроорганизмов, за счёт снижения встречаемости резидентных представителей. для характеристики биоценоза количественные показатели дополнялись состоянием кандидоносительства или дисбиозом в сторону кандидоза. Установлено, что у данной категории лиц богатство видов микроорганизмов полости рта достоверно увеличивалось. По результатам исследования определена экологическая характеристика микробиоценоза полости рта, позволившая оценить его состав и экологическую значимость у данной категории лиц проживающих в условиях неблагополучной экологической обстановки

The influence of the microflora of the mouth on the microcirculation of the periodontal tissues

Conducted microbiological study of the different biotopes of oral cavity suggests that the representatives of parodontopathogenic microflora are found in small concentrations in clinically intact periodontium, and the development of pronounced chronic inflammatory process in the periodontal tissues leads to increase their number and change of qualitative structure. As a result, habitats of the oral cavity actively produces endotoxins that penetrate through the epithelium of the gums, causing a number of pathological changes in connective tissue that contributes to the pronounced disorders of microcirculation. A morphological study of biopsy specimens of the gum with early stages of inflammation in the papillary layer were detected in newly formed capillaries and in mesh - obliteration, spasm, rupture of blood vessels with chronic periodontitis mild severity in some cases, there were foci of hemorrhage, hyperemia and stasis of red blood cells, in others stenosis and obliteration of the lumen of blood vessels, vasculitis, microthrombosis and ruptures of blood vessels.Проведенное микробиологическое исследование различных биотопов полости рта свидетельствует о том, что представители пародонтопатогенной микрофлоры встречаются в незначительных концентрациях при клинически интактном пародонте, а при развитии выраженного хронического воспалительного процесса в тканях пародонта приводит увеличение их количества и изменение качественного состава. В результате этого в биотопах полости рта активно образуются эндотоксины, которые проникают через эпителий десны, вызывают ряд патологических изменений в ее соединительной ткани, что способствует выраженному расстройству микроциркуляции. При морфологическом исследовании биоптатов десны с ранними стадиями воспаления в сосочковом слое выявлялись новообразованные капилляры, а в сетчатом - облитерация, спазм, разрыв сосудов, с хроническим пародонтитом легкой степени тяжести в одних случаях наблюдались очаги кровоизлияний, полнокровие и стаз эритроцитов, в других - стеноз и облитерация просвета сосудов, васкулиты, микротромбозы и разрывы стенок сосудов