The Comparison of Therapeutic Effects and the Side Effects in the Use of Various Dosages of Gabapentin on Patients with Neurophatic Pain

Introduction: The use of gabapentin for the treatment of neuropathic is found to provide a good effect of the therapeutic while the side effects still can be tolerated. This study aims to describe the difference in pain score reduction and incidence of drug side effects in patients who suffering from neuropathic pain receiving Gabapentin therapy of 300 mg in once a day, compared with the use of Gabapentin of 300 mg in twice a day. The re- search was conducted at Neurology Department of Hasanuddin University Hospital in Makassar from 19th of April to 8th of June 2016. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study using 50 samples selected with the consecutive sampling technique. The samples were divided into two groups. The first group (n=25) received Gabapentin of 300 mg in once a day; while the second group (n=25) received Gabapentin of 300 mg in twice a day. Each group was examined in terms of the pain score reduction using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the incidence of side effects using a questionnaire after the first and the second week of the medical treatment. Results: The results revealed that the use of Gabapentin of 300 mg in once a day and Gabapentin of 300 mg in twice a day for two weeks in reducing pain scores (examined based on VAS) resulted in the value of 4.12 and4.92 with P=0,000 (P<0,05). This showed a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The use of Gabapentin of 300 mg in twice a day for two weeks, as a therapy of neuropathic pain at Neurology Departement of Hasanuddin University Hospital in Makassar, resulted in a better decrease in pain scores. Meanwhile, side effects with the highest percentage found in the group using Gabapentin of 300 mg in once a day, in comparison with the group using Gabapentin 300 mg in twice a day were drowsiness and dizziness

Pemanfaatan Potensi Limbah Kulit Bawang Merah (Allium Cepa. L) sebagai Sediaan Gel Hand Sanitizer

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The increased health problems caused by microorganisms at the hands, hand sanitizer gel as the way out to maintained health and hand hygiene because it is more practical and easy to carry. The purpose of this study was to make formulations of gel with physically stable and had inhibitory activity against the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. In this study three formulations were made with a ratio of Hydroxy ethyl selilulose 0.5% (F1), 1% (F2) and 2% (F3) then physical stability testing included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH and dispersion before and after accelerated storage, then antimicrobial activity by sump method. Organoleptic test showed there is no color, smell and texture changes. The results of the homogenety test, formula with concentration of Hydroxy ethyl cellulose 1% and 2% is homogeneous. The pH test results showed that the gel preparation did not change pH. Dispersing test showed concentration hydroxyethyl cellulose 1% has the highest dispersion value. but statistical paired T test results showed that the dispersion before and after storage was accelerated significantly different 0.043 (p &lt;0.05), but still in accordance with the range of dispersion specifications for a good semisolid preparation.The MIC test results showed Formulation F1, F2 and F3 ethanol extract red onion skin gel are strong&nbsp; inhibitory effect, ethanol extract of red onion skin gel F1 inhibitory zone is 16mm, F2 and F3 had the same inhibitory zone is 14.33. It can be concluded F2&nbsp; has the best physical stability, but F1&nbsp; is the most effective to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus. &nbsp; &nbsp