MOESM1 of Cardiopulmonary bypass reduces myocardial oxidative stress, inflammation and increases c-kit+CD45− cell population in newborns

Additional file 1. (1) Information letter to patients and parents, (2) consent form for anonymous publication, participation & storage of medical data and (3) tissue sample form

Datasheet1_Comparison of left ventricular deformation abnormalities by echocardiography with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with acute myocarditis and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.pdf

PurposeCardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) represents the gold standard to detect myocarditis. Left ventricular (LV) deformation imaging provides additional diagnostic options presumably exceeding conventional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). The present study aimed to analyze the feasibility to detect myocarditis in patients (pts) with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF) by TTE compared to cMRI. It has been hypothesized that the number of pathological findings by deformation imaging correspond to findings in cMRI.Methods and resultsBetween January 2018 and February 2020 102 pts with acute myocarditis according to the modified Lake Louise criteria and early gadolinium enhancement (EGE) by cMRI were identified at the department of cardiology at the University Hospital Leipzig. Twenty-six pts were included in this retrospective comparative study based on specific selection criteria. Twelve pts with normal cMRI served as a control group. LV deformation was analyzed by global and regional longitudinal strain (GLS, rLS), global and regional circumferential and radial strain (GCS, rCS, GRS, rRS), and LV rotation (including layer strain analysis). All parameters were compared to findings of edema, inflammation, and fibrosis by cMRI according to Lake Louise criteria. All pts with acute myocarditis diagnosed by cMRI showed pathological findings in TTE. Especially rCS and LV rotation analyzed by regional layer strain exhibit a high concordance with pathological findings in cMRI. In controls no LV deformation abnormalities were documented. Mean values of GLS, GRS, and GCS were not significantly different between pts with acute myocarditis and controls.ConclusionThis retrospective analysis documents the feasibility of detecting regional deformation abnormalities by echocardiography in patients with acute myocarditis confirmed by cMRI. The detection of pathological findings due to myocarditis requires the determination of regional deformation parameters, particularly rCS and LV rotation. The assessment of global strain values does not appear to be of critical value.</p

Table1_Comparison of left ventricular deformation abnormalities by echocardiography with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with acute myocarditis and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.docx

PurposeCardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) represents the gold standard to detect myocarditis. Left ventricular (LV) deformation imaging provides additional diagnostic options presumably exceeding conventional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). The present study aimed to analyze the feasibility to detect myocarditis in patients (pts) with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF) by TTE compared to cMRI. It has been hypothesized that the number of pathological findings by deformation imaging correspond to findings in cMRI.Methods and resultsBetween January 2018 and February 2020 102 pts with acute myocarditis according to the modified Lake Louise criteria and early gadolinium enhancement (EGE) by cMRI were identified at the department of cardiology at the University Hospital Leipzig. Twenty-six pts were included in this retrospective comparative study based on specific selection criteria. Twelve pts with normal cMRI served as a control group. LV deformation was analyzed by global and regional longitudinal strain (GLS, rLS), global and regional circumferential and radial strain (GCS, rCS, GRS, rRS), and LV rotation (including layer strain analysis). All parameters were compared to findings of edema, inflammation, and fibrosis by cMRI according to Lake Louise criteria. All pts with acute myocarditis diagnosed by cMRI showed pathological findings in TTE. Especially rCS and LV rotation analyzed by regional layer strain exhibit a high concordance with pathological findings in cMRI. In controls no LV deformation abnormalities were documented. Mean values of GLS, GRS, and GCS were not significantly different between pts with acute myocarditis and controls.ConclusionThis retrospective analysis documents the feasibility of detecting regional deformation abnormalities by echocardiography in patients with acute myocarditis confirmed by cMRI. The detection of pathological findings due to myocarditis requires the determination of regional deformation parameters, particularly rCS and LV rotation. The assessment of global strain values does not appear to be of critical value.</p

Multivariable regression analysis of cholesterol and markers of cholesterol metabolism in relation to cIMT.

<p>B: standardized regression coefficient; <i>P</i>: level of significance. All values have been log-transformed prior to analysis.</p><p>LDL-c: low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-c: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; BP: blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; TG: triglycerides.</p

Intima-media thickness measurements in relation to quintiles of serum cholesterol, lathosterol, campesterol and sitosterol.

<p>A: Intima-media thickness measurements in relation to quintiles of serum cholesterol concentration (<i>P<0.0005</i>). Values are mean +/− SEM. B: Intima-media thickness measurements in relation to quintiles of serum lathosterol concentration (<i>P<0.0005</i>). Values are mean +/− SEM. C: Intima-media thickness measurements in relation to quintiles of serum campesterol concentration. Values are mean +/− SEM. D: Intima-media thickness measurements in relation to quintiles of serum sitosterol concentration. Values are mean +/− SEM.</p

Intima-media thickness measurements in relation to quintiles of serum lathosterol-to-cholesterol, campesterol-to-cholesterol and sitosterol-to-cholesterol.

<p>A: Intima-media thickness measurements in relation to quintiles of lathosterol-to-cholesterol (<i>P = 0.007</i>). Values are mean +/− SEM. B: Intima-media thickness measurements in relation to quintiles of campesterol-to-cholesterol (<i>P<0.001</i>). Values are mean +/− SEM. C: Intima-media thickness measurements in relation to quintiles of sitosterol-to-cholesterol (<i>P<0.001</i>). Values are mean +/− SEM.</p

Patient Characteristics.

<p>Patient Characteristics.</p

Chromosomal regions of pQTLs with significant genome-wide LRS values determined by single QTL scans and CIM.

<p>Abbreviations and definitions: <b>pQTL (chr):</b> chromosomal position of quantitative trait locus; <b>LRS (max):</b> likelihood ratio statistic, maximum association between genotype and phenotype variation; <b>SNP (max):</b> single nucleotide polymorphism with maximum LRS in QTL region; <b>1.5 LOD support interval (Mb):</b> chromosomal region in Megabases spanning QTL position; <b>Additive allele effect</b>: estimate of a change in the average phenotype by substitution of one parental allele by another at a given marker position; <b>(−)</b> values indicate an increase of phenotype by C57BL/6J allele, <b>(+)</b> values an increase of phenotype by DBA/2J allele; <b>Dataset:</b> dataset in which the QTL was identified; <b>Hyp</b>: hydroxyproline; CIM: composite interval mapping.</p

MOESM1 of Modulation of the sympathetic nervous system by renal denervation prevents reduction of aortic distensibility in atherosclerosis prone ApoE-deficient rats

Additional file 1. Complementary methods on aortic wall examination and oil-red O staining. Figure S1. Demonstrating the effect of 0.3 % cholesterol on liver fat-content and on plaque formation in the thoracic aorta and aortic sinus. Figure S2. Depicts the examination of atherosclerotic plaques, elastic laminae and aortic wall thickness using either oil-red O staining, Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining or Elastica Van Gieson staining. Table S1. Shows plasma concentration of inflammatory cytokines IL6 and IL1b and aortic gene expression of IL1b, TNFa, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and eNOS

Phenotypic characterization of parental strains after six weeks of CCl₄ injections.

<p>Liver fibrosis was assessed by morphometric (A) and biochemical (B) measurement of hepatic collagen (Hyp) contents. Hepatic inflammation was measured by serum ALT activities (C). Sirius red staining of hepatic collagen showed circumferential fibrosis in C57BL/6J mice (D) and pronounced fibrosis in DBA/2J mice (E), corresponding to mean F-scores of 2.0±0.1 and 3.9±0.1, respectively.</p