3 research outputs found
Prevalence and antenatal determinants of orofacial clefts in Benin City, Edo State Nigeria
Aim: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and antenatal determinants of orofacial clefts in Southern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study undertaken at the Maxillofacial Units of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital and the Central Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria respectively. The prevalence and antenatal determinants of cleft lip and palate were determined. Result: Cleft lip and palate were often encountered in clinical practice in Benin City with a prevalence of 1.35%. The results showed that orofacial clefts were commoner in females and that the combined unilateral cleft lip and palate was the commonest entity encountered amongst the cases. The following risk factors were associated with the risk of development of cleft lip and palate: Paternal age >40years, maternal age >35years, genetic/family history, low socio-economic status, alcohol consumption and indulgence in the intake of herbal medications in pregnancy. Conclusion: Public health education programmes and advocacy activities geared towards raising awareness of the identified risk factors for the development of cleft lip and or cleft palate would go a long way to obviate the occurrence and reduce the burden.Key Words: Prevalence, Antenatal determinants, orofacial clefts, Southern Nigeri
Antenatal determinants of oro-facial clefts in Southern Nigeria
Objectives: Cleft lip with or without cleft palate, is the most common
serious congenital anomaly that affects the orofacial regions. The
management and care of the cleft patient constitutes a substantial
proportion of the workload of the Nigerian maxillofacial surgeon and
allied specialties. Yet, there are no specific programmes targeted at
this group. We believe that the findings of this study is capable of
identifying useful interventions for designing programs that will lead
to a reduction in the burden of orofacial cleft in Nigeria. Methods: It
was a transverse cross-sectional study that was undertaken at the
Maxillofacial Units of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital and
the Central Hospital, Benin City respectively. The prevalence and
antenatal determinants of cleft lip and palate were determined.
Results: Cleft lip and palate were often encountered in clinical
practice in Benin City with a prevalence of 1.35%. The results showed
that orofacial clefts were commoner in females and that the combined
unilateral cleft lip and palate was the commonest entity encountered
amongst the cases. The following risk factors were associated with the
risk of development of cleft lip and palate: Paternal age >40years,
maternal age >35years, genetic/family history, low socio-economic
status, alcohol consumption and indulgence in the intake of herbal
medications in pregnancy. Conclusion: Public health education
programmes and advocacy activities geared towards raising awareness of
the identified risk factors for the development of cleft lip and or
cleft palate would go a long way to obviate the occurrence and reduce
the burden
Genetic studies in the nigerian population implicate an MSX1 mutation in complex oral facial clefting disorders
BACKGROUND: Orofacial clefts are the most common malformations of the head and neck with a World-wide prevalence of 1/700 births. They are commonly divided into CL(P) and CP based on anatomical, genetic and embryological findings. A Nigerian craniofacial anomalies study “NigeriaCRAN” was set up in 2006 to investigate the role of gene-environment interaction in the etiology of orofacial clefts in Nigeria. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: DNA isolated from saliva from the Nigerian probands was used for genotype association studies and direct sequencing on the cleft candidate genes: MSX1, IRF6, FOXE1, FGFR1, FGFR2, BMP4, MAFB, ABCA4, PAX7 and VAX1, and the chromosome 8q region. RESULTS: A missense mutation A34G in MSX1 was observed in nine cases and four hap map controls. No other apparent etiologic variations were identified. A deviation from HWE was observed in the cases (p= 0.00002). There was a significant difference between the affected side for unilateral CL (p=0.03) and, between bilateral clefts and clefts on either side (p=0.02). A significant gender difference was also observed for CP (p=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: The replication of a mutation previously implicated in other populations suggests a role for the MSX1 A34G variant in the etiology of CL(P)