Eficácia biológica do regime fitofarmacêutico da cebola

The average yield of bulb onions is still quite low. The purpose of this study was to improve the techniques and methods of cultivating onions using new generation preparations against the background of N180P60K60 in a drip irrigation method. To achieve the objective of this study, field surveys, observations and measurements were carried out using generally accepted methods. The experimental data obtained from the studies were processed using analysis of variance in Excel, which is part of the Microsoft Office installation package. Field experience included both background application of mineral fertilizers, as well as integrated nutrition of plants with Aminofol Plus and Novosil bulb onion growth stimulants and its biological protection with drugs Gaitang, KE, Akzifor, KE and with Monarch, VDG preparations. According to the results of tests carried out in the 3rd soil-climatic zone, they positively influenced the growth processes and yield of the cultivated crop. The use of this scheme gave a significant increase in the number of commercial bulbs and the weight of commercial bulbs relative to the control version, which significantly affected the yield, which was 121.8 tons/ha (commercial yield). Based on the results of the obtained experimental data, the following was identified, the difference in yield is due to the effect of drugs that have a positive effect on the variety and hybrid of onions, which are under study.O rendimento médio de bulbos de cebolas ainda é bastante baixo. O objetivo deste estudo foi ampliar técnicas e métodos de cultivo de cebola utilizando novas preparações nutricionais no contexto da adubação de base N180P60K60 em um método de irrigação por gotejamento. Para atingir o objetivo deste estudo, pesquisas de campo, observações e medições foram realizadas utilizando métodos geralmente aceitos. Os dados experimentais obtidos a partir dos estudos foram processados usando análise de variância no Excel, que faz parte do pacote de instalação do Microsoft Office. A experiência de campo incluiu tanto a aplicação de base de fertilizantes minerais, bem como a nutrição integrada de plantas com Aminofol Plus e Novosil estimulantes de crescimento de bulbo de cebola e sua proteção biológica com drogas Gaitang, KE, Akzifor, KE e com preparações Monarch, VDG. De acordo com os resultados dos testes realizados em solos da terceira zona climática, eles influenciaram positivamente os processos de crescimento e o rendimento do cultivo. A utilização deste esquema de adubação permitiu um aumento significativo do número e peso de bulbos comerciais em relação ao tratamento controle, que afetou significativamente o rendimento, que foi de 121,8 toneladas/ha (rendimento comercial). Com base nos resultados dos dados experimentais obtidos, foi identificado que a diferença de rendimento deve-se ao efeito dos fármacos que têm efeito positivo na variedade e no híbrido de cebolas deste estudo

Monitoring the number of trips on open-ground tomatoes

The agroclimatic resources of the Astrakhan region are quite large and represent huge opportunities in the production of heat-loving crops such as vegetables and melons. The region has accumulated a great scientific and production experience in the cultivation of tomatoes as the main vegetable crop rotation crop. To date, the first task for farmers of the region is to develop new modern agrotechnological techniques to eliminate the spread of thrips on open-ground tomato plants. The object of research was a hybrid of tomato of the domestic selection of the agricultural company Sedek Azhur F1. Materials and methods. For the first time, for the conditions of light chestnut soils on the land use territory of FSBNU “Caspian Agrarian Scientific Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” during 20182020. the influence of various insecticides in the fight against tripasmi was studied. As a result of the analysis, the presented scientific article presents the main results for the study of new modern insecticides in the fight against trypses on open-ground tomato Azhur F1. According to the results of three years of study, the optimal option with the use of the drug Confidor Extra was revealed, which contributes to a significant decrease in the number of phytophages. The use of these preparations had no phytotoxic effect on open-ground tomato plants. In the version using the insecticide Confidor Extra, there was more purely commercial fruits and a significant increase in the crop relative to control without treatments, as well as a variant where the Fufanon-Nova preparation was used. The increase relative to control in the high-yield version was + 40.8 t/ha or 43.5%

Impact of foliar fertilization on apple and pear trees in reconciling productivity and alleviation of environmental concerns under arid conditions

Drought and heat stress are significant factors limiting fruit crop yield in arid conditions. Foliar fertilization is a common practice of supplying fruit crop production with mineral nutrients, especially under limited soil nutrient availability conditions. To evaluate potential effectiveness of the foliar application of macro-, micronutrient and growth regulators on dynamics of physiological parameters of the pear and apple cultivars under abiotic stresses, three–year experiments were carried out under arid conditions at the Russian Research Institute of Arid Agriculture during the 2015–2017 growing seasons. It has been revealed that foliar nutrition reduces the negative influence of heat stress, stabilizes the functional state of plants, thereby enhancing resistance to drought. During the most severe drought periods of vegetation, under the influence of foliar nutrition, there was a significant increase in the total water content (TWC), relative leaf turgidity (RLT) and water retention capacity (WRC); and also index of leaf water deficiency (LWD) was improved as compared to the non-treated control. All foliar treatments involving the macro-, micronutrient and growth regulators significantly enhanced fruit crop yield of pear and apple varieties over the control, yield enhancement was obtained 2.7–22.0 t ha−1 for the Talgar beauty (pear variety), 2.2–19.3 t ha−1 for the Renet Symirenko (apple variety), and 1.6–10.5 t ha−1 for the Starkrimson (apple variety). The most effective treatments for water consumption coefficient (WCC) were plantafol and speedphol. The results suggest that foliar plantafol and speedfol could be used as part of an efficient, sustainable fertilizer program for apple and pear trees for maintaining or improving fruit quality, productivity, and avoiding negative efficacy of abiotic stresses