The Biosulin equivalence in standard therapy (BEST) study − a multicentre, open-label, non-randomised, interventional, observational study in subjects using Biosulin 30/70 for the treatment of insulin-dependent type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Introduction. The need for more cost-effective insulin therapy is critical in reducing the burden on patients and health systems. Biosimilar insulins have the potential to dramatically lower healthcare costs by delivering insulin with a similar anti-glycaemic effect and adverse reaction profile.Objectives. The purpose of this study was to confirm equivalence in glycaemic outcomes and side-effect profiles between Biosulin 30/70 and other human premixed insulin preparations on the South African market in a clinical practice setting.Methods. Subjects in this interventional, observational, multicentre, open-label, prospective study were switched from their existing human premix insulin (Actraphane, Humulin 30/70 or Insuman) to the study insulin Biosulin 30/70. The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c from baseline to 6 months.Results. Seventy-seven adult patients with type 1(n=18) or type 2 (n=59) diabetes were enrolled. The baseline HbA1c in the overall cohort was 7.9%, 8.0% at 3 months (p=0.50) and 7.6% at 6 months (p=0.14).There was a small increase in the total daily dose of insulin used in both the type 1 and type 2 cohort, from 0.62 to 0.65 units/kg/day (p=0.0004). There was no significant difference in weight in the study subjects during the 6-month period on Biosulin 30/70 (p=0.67).Conclusion. Biosulin 30/70 achieved at least equivalent glycaemic control to existing human premix insulins, with no reported new or severe adverse events. Increased use of biosimilar insulins has the potential for significant cost savings

Viabilidade econômica e financeira do pastejo em alfafa em sistemas de produção de leite.

bitstream/item/144730/1/Documentos118-Ainfo.pd

Kanamycin resistance during in vitro development of pollen from transgenic tomato plants

Effects of kanamycin on pollen germination and tube growth of pollen from non-transformed plants and from transgenic tomato plants containing a chimaeric kanamycin resistance gene were determined. Germination of pollen was not affected by the addition of kanamycin to the medium in both genotypes. Kanamycin, however, severely affected tube growth of pollen from non-transformed plants, while pollen from plants containing the chimaeric gene were less sensitive and produced significantly longer tubes at kanamycin concentrations between 200-400 mg l-1. Apparently, this resistance for kanamycin correlates with the expression of the chimaeric gene during male gametophytic development.

Utilização da alfafa em pastejo para alimentação de vacas leiteiras.

Nos sistemas intensivos de produção de leite, os gastos com o uso de concentrados e com os fertilizantes nitrogenados representam porcentagem elevada do custo de produção, implicando, ainda, custos agregados com transporte, armazenamento, fornecimento dos concentrados e aplicação dos fertilizantes, o que afeta a sustentabilidade econômica da atividade leiteira

Potencial forrageiro da alfafa para alimentação de vacas de leite nos trópicos.

As características da alfafa, como elevada produção, alta qualidade e alta digestibilidade, fazem com que ela desempenhe papel importante para a melhoria da qualidade das dietas utilizadas nas regiões tropicais, pois os volumosos que são muito produtivos nessas regiões são caracterizados por apresentar digestibilidade da fibra e teor de proteína muito baixos, o que afeta o consumo de nutrientes digestíveis e, consequentemente, o desempenho animal.bitstream/item/156227/1/Potencial-forrageiro-da-alfafa-pg213-237-2016-.pd

Viabilidade econômica e financeira do pastejo em alfafa em sistemas de produção de leite.

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a viabilidade econômica e financeira do pastejo em alfafa em sistemas de produção de leite. A análise empregou um modelo desenvolvido pela Embrapa que simula um sistema de produção de leite e avalia os impactos. Os sistemas de produção que utilizam alfafa para pastejo se mostraram superiores economicamente aos que não a utilizam. A alfafa foi utilizada para vacas com produção de 20 kg leite/dia, 25 kg leite/dia e 30 kg leite/dia, e, em todos os casos, os resultados econômicos e financeiros foram superiores aos do sistema tradicional ?de 8,91% até 43,39%, dependendo do nível de produção de leite e do tempo de pastejo em alfafa

Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: The recent completion of the Drosophila melanogaster genomic sequence to high quality and the availability of a greatly expanded set of Drosophila cDNA sequences, aligning to 78% of the predicted euchromatic genes, afforded FlyBase the opportunity to significantly improve genomic annotations. We made the annotation process more rigorous by inspecting each gene visually, utilizing a comprehensive set of curation rules, requiring traceable evidence for each gene model, and comparing each predicted peptide to SWISS-PROT and TrEMBL sequences. RESULTS: Although the number of predicted protein-coding genes in Drosophila remains essentially unchanged, the revised annotation significantly improves gene models, resulting in structural changes to 85% of the transcripts and 45% of the predicted proteins. We annotated transposable elements and non-protein-coding RNAs as new features, and extended the annotation of untranslated (UTR) sequences and alternative transcripts to include more than 70% and 20% of genes, respectively. Finally, cDNA sequence provided evidence for dicistronic transcripts, neighboring genes with overlapping UTRs on the same DNA sequence strand, alternatively spliced genes that encode distinct, non-overlapping peptides, and numerous nested genes. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of so many unusual gene models not only suggests that some mechanisms for gene regulation are more prevalent than previously believed, but also underscores the complex challenges of eukaryotic gene prediction. At present, experimental data and human curation remain essential to generate high-quality genome annotations