Negotiation Style Comparisons by Gender among Greater China

As the economics within Greater China become more internally linked together, it becomes increasingly important to understand the nuances of each culture encompassed by this term. There is very little comparing the negotiation styles of Chinese who live in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China among themselves. To fill the gap, the present research focuses on negotiations style comparison by gender among Chinese in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China. The population was chosen from public companies listed under the stock markets. Data was collected using an online survey technique. SPSS was used to conduct data analyses, and a variety of statistical measures were used, including descriptive statistics and MANOVA, and coefficient alphas was reported for modified instruments in order to address reliability and validity of the instrument. The study found that only the factual negotiation style showed a significant relationship with gender among the three regions. The researcher suggests that the negotiators still need to be trained in body language, strategies, temper control, international manners, and customs. A better knowledge of negotiation should be helpful in understanding business and in realizing which negotiation styles are most appropriate for a particular country. The appropriate negotiation skills can bring more competitive advantages and benefits

A Comparison on Business Negotiation Styles with Education

Training and education is important in negotiation. For a trained negotiator, good results are the consequence of knowing when to follow to his/her instincts and when to employ negotiation theories or use a combination of them. As the economics within Greater China become more internally linked together, it becomes increasingly important to understand the nuances of each culture encompassed by this term. There is very little comparing the negotiation styles of Chinese who live in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China among themselves. To fill the gap, the present research focuses on negotiations style comparison by education among Chinese in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China. The population was chosen from public companies listed under the stock markets. Data was collected using an online survey technique. SPSS was used to conduct data analyses, and a variety of statistical measures were used, including descriptive statistics and MANOVA, and coefficient alphas was reported for modified instruments in order to address reliability and validity of the instrument. The results indicated that three dimensions-intuitive, normative, and analytical-had a significant relationship affected by education among the three regions. The researcher suggests that the negotiators still need to be trained in body language, strategies, temper control, international manners, and customs. A better knowledge of negotiation should be helpful in understanding business and in realizing which negotiation styles are most appropriate for a particular country. The appropriate negotiation skills can bring more competitive advantages and benefits

Cultural Characteristics and Negotiation Styles

Numerous factors can affect the results of the negotiating process. Successful negotiation not only requires acquiring technical communicative abilities, but also an understanding of the cultural context of the negotiation by both parties. Due to its size and rapid economic development, China has become an increasingly important factor for world economy and growth. Until recently, conducting business in China has been a challenging and sometimes futile venture for businesses trying to break into this lucrative market because China’s government has maintained very strict rules for the import of goods and services for resale to China, while widely exporting Chinese goods and services. The approach uses Casse and Deols’ model and cultural factors including education, religion and degrees of individualism/collectivism to be the dependent and independent variables. Data were collected from public companies listed on the stock exchanges of China by means of an online survey method. Structural equation modeling was used to test hypothesized models and hypotheses of research. The findings show that education, religion and degrees of individualism/collectivism affects the style of negotiation. These findings could be useful in the application of a specific set of values and attitudes that relate to regional cultural attributes, and develop better negotiation skills by providing insights into the nuances of international negotiations. The researcher suggests that the negotiators still need to be trained in body language, strategies, temper control, international manners, and customs. A better knowledge of negotiation should be helpful in understanding business and in realizing which negotiation styles are most appropriate for a particular country

Relationships among Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty in Chain Restaurant

Chain restaurant is one of the fastest growing restaurants in the food service industry. In America, Service industry contributes about 60% of the annual GDP and 70% of new jobs. According to the statistics of Executive Yuan of Taiwan, the service industry contributes over 70% of the annual GDP in 2008. The ultimate goal for companies is to build customer loyalty. With loyal customers, companies can reduce the operating cost and acquisition expenses. An improvement of 5 percent in customer retention leads to an increase of 25 percent to 75 percent in profit. It costs more than five times as much to obtain a new customer than to keep an existing one. This initial study was from relevant literature, then set up research structure and hypotheses. Survey was employed, and respondents were from the customers of Taoban in Taiwan. There were 182 usable questionnaires to analyze descriptive statistics, reliability, validity, and SEM model. The research found that service quality significantly affects customer satisfaction, and customer satisfaction has strong impact on customer loyalty for the sample. Therefore, firms have to specifically focus on these factors in order to build a long-term and mutually profitability relationship with a customer and create loyalty as competitive advantages in the market

Customer Commitment as a Mediating Variable between Corporate Brand Image and Customer Loyalty

Research has shown that corporate image is an important determinant of customer loyalty. Having a positive corporate brand image helps companies achieve performance goals, such as higher sales, whereas having a poor brand image can be disastrous because it can cause companies to lose customers. A strong brand with high equity will have a large number of committed customers, many of whom will have frequent and ongoing interaction and communication with the company owning the brand. Customer commitment to a brand stems from trust in the brand, shared values with the company owning the brand, and a belief that it would be difficult to find other brands that could provide same value. Customer loyalty also encourages companies to cooperate with their business partners to preserve their investment in the business relationship. Committed customers have a more positive impression of their relationship with the company and indicate strong intentions to remain in the relationship. The researchers conducted a survey among respondents from the automobile sector in Taiwan, and obtained 170 usable responses. The researchers designed the questionnaires to analyze normality, convergent, and discriminant validities by using the structural equation model of PASW 18 and AMOS 18.0. The research found that commitment is a partial mediator between corporate brand image and customer loyalty. Future studies might measure other dimensions to test their mediating effect on customer loyalty, and these studies might use different designs to examine the mediator effect posited by various theories, such as trust added, to explore other determinants of loyalty. Such research can inform decisions made to increase and maintain long-term customer satisfaction

Corporate Brand Image and Customer Satisfaction on Loyalty: An Empirical Study of Starbucks Coffee in Taiwan

Corporate image has been assessed as an important antecedent of customer satisfaction and loyalty. Corporate brand is vital because positive corporate brands help companies achieving higher performance, such as sales. Marketing exists to deliver more value to satisfy customers as well as build a long-term and mutually profitability relationship with customers. If a firm’s products or services do not satisfy or meet the customer’s needs and wants, all the strategies are insufficient. With loyal customers, companies can have higher market share and reduce the operating cost. An improvement of 5 percent in customer retention leads to an increase of 25 percent to 75 percent in profit. It costs more than five times as much to obtain a new customer than to keep an existing one. This initial study was from relevant literature, then set up research structure and hypotheses. Survey was employed, and respondents were from the customers of Starbucks Coffee in Taipei area. There were 199 usable questionnaires to analyze descriptive statistics, reliability, validity, and SEM model. The research found that corporate brand image significantly affects customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction has strong impact on customer loyalty for the sample. Therefore, firms have to specifically focus on these factors in order to build a long-term and mutually profitability relationship with a customer and create loyalty as competitive advantages in the market

The Effect of Service Quality, Customer Perceived Value and Satisfaction on Loyalty

The service industry has become more and more important for business activities. Service industry contributes about 60% of the annual GDP and 70% of new jobs in America. According to the statistics of Executive Yuan of Taiwan, the service industry contributes over 70% of the annual GDP in 2008. The ultimate goal for companies is to build customer loyalty. With loyal customers, companies can reduce the operating cost and acquisition expenses. An improvement of 5 percent in customer retention leads to an increase of 25 percent to 75 percent in profit. It costs more than five times as much to obtain a new customer than to keep an existing one. This initial study was from relevant literature, then set up research structure and hypotheses. Survey was employed, and respondents were from the customers of TKEC in Taipei area. There were 199 usable questionnaires to analyze descriptive statistics, reliability, validity, and SEM model. The research found that service quality significantly affects customer perceived value and customer satisfaction, and customer perceived value and customer satisfaction have strong impact on customer loyalty for the sample. Therefore, firms have to specifically focus on these factors in order to build a long-term and mutually profitability relationship with a customer and create loyalty as competitive advantages in the market

An Empirical Study of Corporate Brand Image, Customer Perceived Value and Satisfaction on Loyalty in Shoe Industry

A positive corporate brand image is not only increasing competition but also encourage consumers to repurchase. With loyal customers, companies can reduce the operating cost and acquisition expenses. This initial study was from relevant literature, then set up research structure and hypotheses. Survey was employed, and respondents collected from the customers of ASO in Taiwan. There were 208 usable questionnaires to analyze descriptive statistics, reliability, validity, and SEM model. Based on the research results, corporate brand image significantly affects customer perceived value, customer satisfaction and loyalty; customer perceived value has strong impact on customer satisfaction and loyalty for the sample; and customer satisfaction significantly affects customer loyalty. Therefore, companies should have a positive brand image to customers, and specifically focus on those factors in order to build a long-term and mutually profitability relationships with customers and create loyalty as competitive advantages in the markets. The study focuses on the industry of shoes in Taiwan, and adopts only a quantitative method. Future research could employ a different design to examine the causal relationships posited by the theories, and extension the study to discuss mediation or moderation among dimensions

Investment on environmental social and governance activities and its impact on achieving sustainable development goals: evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms

Achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) is a global requirement that attracts new researchers and regulators. So, the current research investigates the impact of investment on the environment, social, and governance (ESG) activities on the achievement of SDGs of the Chinese manufacturing companies. The current article also examines the mediating impact of organizational effectiveness among the nexus of investment in ESG activities and the achievement of SDGs of the Chinese manufacturing companies. The current research has taken the questionnaires to gather the data and used the smart-PLS to analyze the data. The results exposed that investment in the environment and social activities have a positive impact on the achievement of SDGs. The findings also revealed that the organizational effectiveness significantly mediates among the nexus of investment in the environment and social activities and the achievement of SDGs of the Chinese manufacturing companies. This study provides help to the relevant authorities to achieve the SDGs using the investment in ESG activities