Dialog und Verkündigung. Thesen zum Verhältnis von Theologie und Kommunikation in einer pluralistischen Welt

Kommunikationswissenschaft und Theologie haben gemeinsam, daß sie im Unterschied zu Disziplinen wie Biologie oder Geschichtswissenschaft keine eigenen wisssenschaftlichen Methoden besitzen. Wer Theologie und Kommunikationswissenschaft betreibt, folgt einem intellektuellen Drang oder sogar einer Leidenschaft, die ihn oder sie dazu führt, alle nur möglichen Methoden der Geistes- und zum Teil auch der "exakten" Naturwissenschaften zu benutzen, um die Wahrheiten der Göttlichen Offenbarung bzw. die Mysterien der menschlichen Kommunikation zu erhellen und geistig in Griff zu bekommen. Ihre traditionellen Methoden entlehnt die Theologie von Philosophie, Geschichte, Linguistik und heute auch von Soziologie und anderen Sozial- und Humanwissenschaften. Die Kommunikationswissenschaft bedient sich vor allem der Methoden der Soziologie, Psychologie, Politologie und in letzter Zeit verstärkt auch der Anthropologie, Philosophie und Semiotik. (...)  EnglishSUMMARY: Dialog and proclamation. Theses about the relation between theology and communication in a pluralistic world The author begins with a description of the many-layered connections and "relationships" of theology with communication. Bofh disciplines are challenged by the changed cultural environment of the modern society with its high degree of cultural pluralism and technological progress. Their significance for (post-)modern societies has to be defined in a new way. The author develops ideas on a possible theology of communication by means of six elaborate theses on the relation of  ommumcation with theology in the modern world. He is looking for new perspectives on mission and proclamation orientated on the chiillenge of an oecumenical communication based on Christianity

Christian book publishing in the Third World: Some principles, criteria and proposals

The Christian Communication Directory Aifrica (Paderborn 1980) lists 147 Christianpublishing houses in Africa south ofthe Sahara, ofwhich 108 are Protestant and only33 Catholic (plus six ecumenical ventures). The statistics of the Directory confirmfor Africa what is well known for most parts ofthe Third World: The CatholicChurch has given book publishing a much lower priority than has been the casewith the Protestant churches. In many countdes of Africa and Asia, Catholic bookpublishing hardly exists. ZusammenfassungVon den 147 christlichen Verlagshäusern Afrikas südlich der Sahara, die im "Christian Communication Directory Africa" (Paderborn 1980) aufgeführt werden, sind 108 evangelisch und nur 33 katholisch. Dies bestätigt auch für Afrika wie allgemein in der Dritten Welt: daß die katholische Kirche offensichtlich der Verlagsarbeit weniger Gewicht beigemessen hat als die protestantischen Kirchen. Dafür gibt es wenigstens vier Gründe: (...)

Expression and regulation of cytochrome P-450I genes (CYP1A1 and CYP1A2) in the rat alimentary tract

Cytochrome P-450 (P450) enzymes in the mucosa of the alimentary tract may be involved in the activation and/or inactivation of ingested xenobiotics and procarcinogens. Since the multiple P450 enzymes have overlapping substrate specificities and, in some cases, similar antigenic determinants, definitive identification of P450 genes that are expressed in various tissues requires molecular analysis. In this study, a sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction assay along with hybridization analysis was used to examine the expression of the CYP1A gene family in the rat alimentary tract. CYP1A1 mRNA was expressed throughout the alimentary tract in untreated rats, as determined by the polymerase chain reaction. However, Northern blot analysis detected [beta]-naphthoflavone, CYP1A1 mRNA and enzymatic activity was markedly induced in each alimentary tissue including esophagus, fore-stomach, glandular stomach, small intestine and colon. A single dose of inducer resulted in a rapid rise in CYP1A1 mRNA which was shown by nuclear run-on assays to be primarily due to an increase in transcription of the CYP1A1 gene. CYP1A2 mRNA was detected in significant amounts only in glandular stomach following induction although the polymerase chain reaction assay identified low levels of CYP1A2 mRNA in several other tissues. The definitive identification of the CYP1A genes that are expressed in alimentary tissue will allow the design of experiments to investigate the importance of these enzymes in the metabolism of carcinogens, and ultimately carcinogenesis, in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, these data suggest the the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor, which mediates transcriptional induction of multiple genes by xenobiotics, is expressed throught the alimentary tract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/29676/1/0000003.pd

Photophysics of Anionic Bis(4H-imidazolato)CuI Complexes

In this paper, the photophysical behavior of four panchromatically absorbing, homoleptic bis(4H-imidazolato)CuI complexes, with a systematic variation in the electron-withdrawing properties of the imidazolate ligand, were studied by wavelength-dependent time-resolved femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Excitation at 400, 480, and 630 nm populates metal-to-ligand charge transfer, intraligand charge transfer, and mixed-character singlet states. The pump wavelength-dependent transient absorption data were analyzed by a recently established 2D correlation approach. Data analysis revealed that all excitation conditions yield similar excited-state dynamics. Key to the excited-state relaxation is fast, sub-picosecond pseudo-Jahn-Teller distortion, which is accompanied by the relocalization of electron density onto a single ligand from the initially delocalized state at Franck-Condon geometry. Subsequent intersystem crossing to the triplet manifold is followed by a sub-100 ps decay to the ground state. The fast, nonradiative decay is rationalized by the low triplet-state energy as found by DFT calculations, which suggest perspective treatment at the strong coupling limit of the energy gap law

La Comunicación: un Derecho Imprescindible para el Desarrollo Sostenible

En este libro se afirma lo obvio: toda actividad humana y social depende de la comunicación. No obstante, limitarse a afirmar lo obvio no garantiza que la gente y las comunidades dispongan de las mismas posibilidades o capacidad de comunicarse. Se están dejando de lado cuestiones de accesibilidad y asequibilidad; diversidad y pluralismo; propiedad y control; representación y tergiversación; privacidad y seguridad. En resumen, se ignoran los numerosos obstáculos – políticos, económicos, culturales y sociales– a la plena inclusión en la sociedad, que impactan en las vidas y sustentos, en particular, de hombres mujeres, jóvenes y niños marginalizados, desatendidos y perseguidos en todos los países del mundo.Fil: Lee, Philip. Asociación Mundial para la Comunicación Cristiana. Canadá.Fil: Macharia, Sarah. Asociación Mundial para la Comunicación Cristiana. Programa de Género y Comunicación. Canadá.Fil: Sunuwar, Dev Kumar. Universidad Tribhuvan. NepalFil: Traber, Michael. Universidad de Fordham. Universidad de Nueva York. Estados UnidosFil: Vargas, Lorenzo. Asociación Mundial para la Comunicación Cristiana. Canadá.Fil: Segura, María Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicación. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Argentin

α-Tocopherol disappearance rates from plasma depend on lipid concentrations: studies using deuterium-labeled collard greens in younger and older adults

BACKGROUND: Little is known about α-tocopherol’s bioavailability as a constituent of food or its dependence on a subject’s age. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the α-tocopherol bioavailability from food, we used collard greens grown in deuterated water (²H collard greens) as a source of deuterium-labeled (²H) α-tocopherol consumed by younger and older adults in a post hoc analysis of a vitamin K study. DESIGN: Younger (mean ± SD age: 32 ± 7 y; n = 12 women and 9 men) and older (aged 67 ± 8 y; n = 8 women and 12 men) adults consumed a test breakfast that included 120 g ²H collard greens (1.2 ± 0.1 mg ²H-α-tocopherol). Plasma unlabeled α-tocopherol and ²H-α-tocopherol were measured by using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry from fasting (>12 h) blood samples drawn before breakfast (0 h) and at 24, 48, and 72 h and from postprandial samples collected at 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, and 16 h. RESULTS: Times (12.6 ± 2.5 h) of maximum plasma ²H-α-tocopherol concentrations (0.82% ± 0.59% total α-tocopherol), fractional disappearance rates (0.63 ± 0.26 pools/d), half-lives (30 ± 11 h), and the minimum estimated ²H-α-tocopherol absorbed (24% ± 16%) did not vary between age groups or sexes (n = 41). Unlabeled α-tocopherol concentrations were higher in older adults (26.4 ± 8.6 μmol/L) than in younger adults (19.3 ± 4.2 μmol/L; P = 0.0019) and correlated with serum lipids (r = 0.4938, P = 0.0012). In addition, ²H-α-tocopherol half-lives were correlated with lipids (r = 0.4361, P = 0.0044). CONCLUSIONS: Paradoxically, α-tocopherol remained in circulation longer in participants with higher serum lipids, but the ²H-α-tocopherol absorbed was not dependent on the plasma lipid status. Neither variable was dependent on age. These data suggest that plasma α-tocopherol concentrations are more dependent on mechanisms that control circulating lipids rather than those related to its absorption and initial incorporation into plasma. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0036232.Keywords: cholesterol, pharmacokinetics, age, bioavailability, vitamin E, triacylglyceride

Multiomics Longitudinal Modeling of Preeclamptic Pregnancies

Preeclampsia is a complex disease of pregnancy whose physiopathology remains unclear and that poses a threat to both mothers and infants. Specific complex changes in women\u27s physiology precede a diagnosis of preeclampsia. Understanding multiple aspects of such a complex changes at different levels of biology, can be enabled by simultaneous application of multiple assays. We developed prediction models for preeclampsia risk by analyzing six omics datasets from a longitudinal cohort of pregnant women. A machine learning-based multiomics model had high accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.94, 95% confidence intervals (CI):[0.90, 0.99]). A prediction model using only ten urine metabolites provided an accuracy of the whole metabolomic dataset and was validated using an independent cohort of 16 women (AUC= 0.87, 95% CI:[0.76, 0.99]). Integration with clinical variables further improved prediction accuracy of the urine metabolome model (AUC= 0.90, 95% CI:[0.80, 0.99], urine metabolome, validated). We identified several biological pathways to be associated with preeclampsia. The findings derived from models were integrated with immune system cytometry data, confirming known physiological alterations associated with preeclampsia and suggesting novel associations between the immune and proteomic dynamics. While further validation in larger populations is necessary, these encouraging results will serve as a basis for a simple, early diagnostic test for preeclampsia