Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) in Portal Blood in Colorectal Cancer Patients Correlation of Immunohistochemical Staining

The Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in portal blood in 87 colorectal patients were studied in correlation with the immunoreactivity of tumor CEA stained by immunoperoxidase method in order to examine how serum CEA increases. Portal blood CEA increased by operative maneuver. Portal blood CEA was correlated with the Duke\u27s staging, and revealed higher positive rates than CEA in peripheral blood in each stage. The amount of CEA in well differentiated and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma was higher than that of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. However, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma revealed the highest level of portal blood CEA (p<0.05). Significant increase of portal CEA was observed when CEA was found in cytoplasm and stroma immunohistochemically besides in strongly positive stain, and when cancer was proved pathologically to invade over the intestinal wall. This study suggests that how CEA is transported from the tumor to the portal vein which is the most important decisive factor of the CEA level in peripheral blood

The Prognostic Significance of Subserosal and Serosal Extent of Cancer Invasion in Gastric Cancer

In order to determine the prognostic significance of subserosal and serosal extent of cancer invasion in gastric cancer, 78 patients were reexamined histologically. In these patients curative resection was performed and cancer invaded the subserosal layer with growth pattern of infiltrating type i.e."*"(30 patients), or exposed outside the serosal surface i.e. "*" (48 patients). The significantly favourable prognosis was seen only in patients with ssr cancer being less than 1 cm in extent with a five-year survival rate of 92.3%, and in patients with small amount of cancer cells in the subserosal layer, having a five-year survival rate of 81.8%. In patients with se cancer the five-year survival rate was less favorable

Clinicopathological Study of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Relation to Tumor Size

In order to evaluate the factors affecting the patient\u27s survival, 32 patients of hepatic resection in which the liver had a sollitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) smaller than 5 cm in size were studied. 1) Chronic liver diseases were associated in 96.9 % of patients. Minor resection was done in 30 patients, and right hepatectomy in two. 2) 87.5 % of all cases were diagnosed during periodic follow-up examination for the patients with chronic liver disease, mostly cirrhosis. For small HCC, ultrasonography (US) had the highest detection rate (90%) compared with CT (66.7%) and angiography (55.6%). Preoperative serum AFP values were abnormal in 73%. 3) Grossly, all tumors were nodular or expanding and none was diffuse. Encapsulation appeared to be complete as tumor grew. Portal vein tumor thrombus (12.5%) and/or satellite tumor (31.2%) were frequent in those with larger than 2 cm in diameter. 4) The mortality rate was 9.4% and the hospital mortality rate was 6.3 %. The survival rate of the group with small HCC was far better than that of the groups with HCC larger than 2 cm in size (p<0.05 ). Above findings indicate that early detection of the tumor without portal vein thrombus and/or satellite tumor, and an adequate hepatic resection such as subsegmentectomy or segmentectomy are most improtant for the patient\u27s survival