Rate of <i>clv3</i>-KO phenotypes among T2 progeny of individual pJF870, pJF871 and pJF872 T1 plants.

<p>KO: knock-out; WT: wildtype</p><p>Rate of <i>clv3</i>-KO phenotypes among T2 progeny of individual pJF870, pJF871 and pJF872 T1 plants.</p

(A) TALEN structure.

<p>The variant 34 amino acid (aa) repeats each binding a defined nucleotide as specified by their repeat-variable diresidues are depicted as cyan and magenta boxes. The invariant first and last repeats are marked in green. The part originating from the original TALEs is marked by an orange line. This part and the FokI domain are drawn to scale. For the first generation TALENs, one amino acid (alanine) has been inserted between aa1 and aa2 to create an NcoI site. The S-tag versions are 6 aa longer. (<b>B</b>) Binding sites of the TALENs used in this study. (<b>C</b>) Constructs for TALEN expression. pJF802 & pJF803 are built similarly to pJF752 & pJF753 but contain the <i>P16</i> promoter instead of the <i>CLV3</i> promoter and the <i>RBCS</i> terminator instead of the <i>CLV3</i> terminator. LB: left border. RB: right border. p: promoter. t: terminator. attB1/2: attachment sites from Gateway cloning. Basta^R: phosphinotricine acetyl transferase. Kan^R: neomycin phosphotransferase. NOS: nopaline synthase. NLS: nuclear localization signal.</p

(A) Origin of <i>clv3-10</i> to <i>clv3-14</i> alleles.

<p>Cyan square (WT): plant with no visible sign of <i>clv3</i> loss-of-function phenotype. Magenta square (KO): plant with full <i>clv3</i> loss-of-function phenotype. Dual-colored squares (pK): plants displaying partial loss-of-function phenotype. RIP: no surviving seedlings. (<b>B-E</b>) Inflorescence of Col-0 wildtype (<b>B</b>), <i>clv3-7</i> (<b>C</b>), a <i>clv3-10</i> T4 plant displaying the full loss-of-function phenotype (<b>D</b>) and a T4 descendant of the pJF752/753 “allele generator” T3 plant displaying a slow onset of the mutant phenotype (<b>E</b>). Green arrowheads: wild-type silique; red arrowheads <i>clv3</i> mutant silique.</p

Allelochemicals of the phenoxazinone class act at physiologically relevant concentrations

<p>Plants compete with their neighbors via the release of chemical compounds into the rhizosphere. These phytotoxins originate from a series of secondary metabolites and can be processed further by soil-living microorganisms before exerting their activity on the target plant. To determine the molecular mode of action and the physiological relevance of potential phytotoxins, it is important to simulate true-to-life conditions in laboratory experiments, for example by applying physiologically relevant concentrations. Here, we report on an improved experimental setting to study the function of allelochemicals of the benzoxazolinone class. By adjusting the solvent and the application of the chemicals, we reduced by more than 2fold the concentration that is necessary to induce growth defects in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.</p