Non-compact QED(3) coupled to a four-fermi interaction

We present preliminary numerical results for the three dimensional non-compact QED with a weak four-fermion term in the lattice action. Approaches based on Schwinger-Dyson studies, arguments based on thermodynamic inequalities and numerical simulations lead to estimates of the critical number of fermion flavors (below which chiral symmetry is broken) ranging from $N_{fc}=1$ to $N_{fc}=4$. The weak four-fermion coupling provides the framework for an improved algorithm, which allows us to simulate the chiral limit of massless fermions and expose delicate effects.Comment: 3 pages, Contribution to Lattice2004(chiral), Fermilab, June 21-26, 200

The spatial distribution of ammonia, methane and nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture in the UK 2018

Annual Report to Defra (Project SCF0107). • Agricultural emissions of ammonia, methane and nitrous oxide for 2018 were spatially distributed across the UK, and maps produced. • Holding-level agricultural statistics on livestock numbers and crop areas for 2018 were not available in sufficient time for a full inventory model run. Therefore emission estimates produced for the 2018 inventory were derived by scaling the 2017 emissions based on the changes to 2018 in DA-level livestock numbers and crop areas. • Non-disclosive agricultural emission maps were produced at a grid resolution of 1 km by 1 km, using detailed agricultural census data, land cover data (Rowland et al., 2017), agricultural practice information (e.g. fertiliser application rates, stocking densities) and emission source strength data from the UK emissions inventories for agriculture 2017 (Misselbrook and Gilhespy 2020 and Brown et al. 2020). • All emission maps correspond to the totals reported by Rothamsted Research North Wyke (RResNW) for 2018

Ammonia emissions from UK non-agricultural sources in 2017: contribution to the National Atmospheric Emission Inventory

This report is part of the National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI) and Greenhouse Gas Inventory (GHGI) project

AROMA - Agri-Environment Reduction Options for Mitigating Ammonia: assessment of the effects of RDPE environmental land management schemes on air quality

Measures available under agri-environment and grant schemes were assessed for their ammonia mitigation potential

A nitrogen budget for Scotland

UKCEH report to SEPA. The aim of this study was to quantify key nitrogen flows for Scotland, bringing together the most recent available data for soils, water, air and human consumption/production (with an emphasis on agriculture, nutrition and waste). Losses of N to water (132 kt N yr-1), air (80 kt N yr-1) and terrestrial systems (90 kt N through atmospheric deposition) estimated here are substantial, and these are mainly due to agricultural activities and, to a smaller extent, waste recycling/processing. Improved nutrient use efficiency is critical for delivering both environmental and economic benefits. However, further work is required to complete currently unquantified and uncertain flows and provide more detail on key activities, to enable the development of policy options, in conjunction with SEPA’s Sector Plans

Social class and changes in Australian women's affect and alcohol consumption during COVID-19

Introduction: Before the pandemic, mid-life women in Australia were among the “heaviest” female alcohol consumers, giving rise to myriad preventable health risks. This paper uses an innovative model of social class within a sample of Australian women to describe changes in affective states and alcohol consumption patterns across two time points during COVID-19. Methods: Survey data were collected from Australian mid-life women (45–64 years) at two time points during COVID-19—May 2020 (N = 1,218) and July 2020 (N = 799). We used a multi-dimensional model for measuring social class across three domains—economic capital (income, property and assets), social capital (social contacts and occupational prestige of those known socially), and cultural capital (level of participation in various cultural activities). Latent class analysis allowed comparisons across social classes to changes in affective states and alcohol consumption patterns reported at the two time points using alcohol consumption patterns as measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test—Consumption (AUDIT-C) and its component items. Results: Seven social classes were constructed, characterized by variations in access to capital. Affective states during COVID-19 differed according to social class. Comparing between the survey time points, feeling fearful/anxious was higher in those with high economic and cultural capital and moderate social capital (“emerging affluent”). Increased depression was most prominent in the class characterized by the highest volumes of all forms of capital (“established affluent”). The social class characterized by the least capital (“working class”) reported increased prevalence of uncertainty, but less so for feeling fearful or anxious, or depressed. Women's alcohol consumption patterns changed across time during the pandemic. The “new middle” class—a group characterized by high social capital (but contacts with low prestige) and minimal economic capital—had increased AUDIT-C scores. Conclusion: Our data shows the pandemic impacted women's negative affective states, but not in uniform ways according to class. It may explain increases in alcohol consumption among women in the emerging affluent group who experienced increased feelings or fear and anxiety during the pandemic. This nuanced understanding of the vulnerabilities of sub-groups of women, in respect to negative affect and alcohol consumption can inform future pandemic policy responses designed to improve mental health and reduce the problematic use of alcohol. Designing pandemic responses segmented for specific audiences is also aided by our multi-dimensional analysis of social class, which uncovers intricate differences in affective states amongst sub-groups of mid-life women.Belinda Lunnay, Barbara Toson, Carlene Wilson, Emma R. Miller, Samantha Beth Meyer, Ian N. Olver, Kristen Foley, Jessica A. Thomas and Paul Russell War

COVID-19, alcohol consumption and stockpiling practises in midlife women: repeat surveys during lockdown in Australia and the United Kingdom

Introduction: This project examined the impact of COVID-19 and associated restrictions on alcohol practises (consumption and stockpiling), and perceptions of health risk among women in midlife (those aged 45–64 years). Methods: We collected online survey data from 2,437 midlife women in the United Kingdom (UK) and Australia in May 2020, recruited using a commercial panel, in the early days of mandated COVID-19 related restrictions in both countries. Participants were surveyed again (N = 1,377) in July 2020, at a time when COVID-19 restrictions were beginning to ease. The surveys included the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test—Consumption (AUDIT-C) and questions alcohol stockpiling. Analysis involved a range of univariate and multivariate techniques examining the impact of demographic variables and negative affect on consumption and acquisition outcomes. Results: In both surveys (May and July), UK women scored higher than Australian women on the AUDIT-C, and residence in the UK was found to independently predict stockpiling of alcohol (RR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.91). Developing depression between surveys (RR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.04) and reporting pessimism (RR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.81), and fear/anxiety (RR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.70) at the beginning of the study period also predicted stockpiling by the end of the lockdown. Having a tertiary education was protective for alcohol stockpiling at each time point (RR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.87). Conclusions: COVID-19 was associated with increases in risky alcohol practises that were predicted by negative emotional responses to the pandemic. Anxiety, pessimism and depression predicted stockpiling behaviour in UK and Australian women despite the many demographic and contextual differences between the two cohorts. Given our findings and the findings of others that mental health issues developed or were exacerbated during lockdown and may continue long after that time, urgent action is required to address a potential future pandemic of alcohol-related harms.Emma R. Miller, Ian N. Olver, Carlene J. Wilson, Belinda Lunnay, Samantha B. Meyer, Kristen Foley ... et al

Mutation in triangulated categories and rigid Cohen-Macaulay modules

We introduce the notion of mutation of $n$-cluster tilting subcategories in a triangulated category with Auslander-Reiten-Serre duality. Using this idea, we are able to obtain the complete classifications of rigid Cohen-Macaulay modules over certain Veronese subrings.Comment: 52 pages. To appear in Invent. Mat

Intervening with healthcare workers' hand hygiene compliance, knowledge, and perception in a limited-resource hospital in Indonesia: A randomized controlled trial study

Background: Hand hygiene is recognized as an important measure to prevent healthcare-associated infections. Hand hygiene adherence among healthcare workers is associated with their knowledge and perception. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of thre

Separation of early afterdepolarizations from arrhythmogenic substrate in the isolated perfused hypokalaemic murine heart through modifiers of calcium homeostasis

In human type 1 diabetes (T1D) and in its murine model, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-DQ and -DR and their murine orthologues, IA and IE, are the major genetic determinants. In this report, we have ranked HLA class II molecule-associated T1D risk in a two-sided gradient from very high to very low. Very low risk corresponded to dominant protection from T1D. We predicted the protein structure of DQ by using the published crystal structures of different allotypes of the murine orthologue of DQ, IA. We discovered marked similarities both within, and cross species between T1D protective class II molecules. Likewise, the T1D predisposing molecules showed conserved similarities that contrasted with the shared patterns observed between the protective molecules. We also found striking inter-isotypic conservation between protective DQ, IA allotypes and protective DR4 subtypes. The data provide evidence for a joint action of the class II peptide-binding pockets P1, P4 and P9 in disease susceptibility and resistance with a main role for P9 in DQ/IA and for P1 and P4 in DR/IE. Overall, these results suggest shared epitope(s) in the target autoantigen(s), and common pathways in human and murine T1D