Momentum dependence of the superconducting gap and in-gap states in MgB2 multi-band superconductor

We use tunable laser based Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy to study the electronic structure of the multi-band superconductor, MgB2. These results form the base line for detailed studies of superconductivity in multi-band systems. We find that the magnitude of the superconducting gap on both sigma bands follows a BCS-like variation with temperature with Delta0 ~7 meV. The value of the gap is isotropic within experimental uncertainty and in agreement with pure a s-wave pairing symmetry. We also observe in-gap states confined to kF of the sigma band that occur at some locations of the sample surface. The energy of this excitation, ~3 meV, is inconsistent with scattering from the pi band.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Tuning the Kondo effect in Yb (Fe1−x Cox)2 Zn20

We study the evolution of the Kondo effect in heavy fermion compounds, Yb(Fe1−xCox)2Zn20 (0≤x≤1), by means of temperature-dependent electric resistivity and specific heat. The ground state of YbFe2Zn20 can be well described by a Kondo model with degeneracy N = 8 and a TK∼30 K. The ground state of YbCo2Zn20 is close to a Kondo state with degeneracy N = 2 and a much lower TK∼ 2 K, even though the total crystalline electric field (CEF) splittings are similar for YbFe2Zn20 and YbCo2Zn20. Upon Co substitution, the coherence temperature of YbFe2Zn20 is suppressed, accompanied by an emerging Schottky-like feature in specific heat associated with the thermal depopulation of CEF levels upon cooling. For 0.4≲x≲ 0.9, the ground state remains roughly the same, which can be qualitatively understood by Kondo effect in the presence of CEF splitting. There is no clear indication of Kondo coherence in resistivity data down to 500 mK within this substitution range. The coherence reappears at around x≳ 0.9 and the coherence temperature increases with higher Co concentration levels

Ferromagnetic quantum criticality: new aspects from the phase diagram of LaCrGe3

Recent theoretical and experimental studies have shown that ferromagnetic quantum criticality is always avoided in clean systems. Two possibilities have been identified. In the first scenario, the ferromagnetic transition becomes of the first order at a tricritical point before being suppressed. A wing structure phase diagram is observed indicating the possibility of a new type of quantum critical point under magnetic field. In a second scenario, a transition to a modulated magnetic phase occurs. Our recent studies on the compound LaCrGe3 illustrate a third scenario where not only a new magnetic phase occurs, but also a change of order of the transition at a tricritical point leading to a wing-structure phase diagram. Careful experimental study of the phase diagram near the tricritical point also illustrates new rules near this type of point

A rule-free workflow for the automated generation of databases from scientific literature

In recent times, transformer networks have achieved state-of-the-art performance in a wide range of natural language processing tasks. Here we present a workflow based on the fine-tuning of BERT models for different downstream tasks, which results in the automated extraction of structured information from unstructured natural language in scientific literature. Contrary to existing methods for the automated extraction of structured compound-property relations from similar sources, our workflow does not rely on the definition of intricate grammar rules. Hence, it can be adapted to a new task without requiring extensive implementation efforts and knowledge. We test our data-extraction workflow by automatically generating a database for Curie temperatures and one for band gaps. These are then compared with manually-curated datasets and with those obtained with a state-of-the-art rule-based method. Furthermore, in order to showcase the practical utility of the automatically extracted data in a material-design workflow, we employ them to construct machine-learning models to predict Curie temperatures and band gaps. In general we find that, although more noisy, automatically extracted datasets can grow fast in volume and that such volume partially compensates for the inaccuracy in downstream tasks.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figure

Dome of magnetic order inside the nematic phase of sulfur-substituted FeSe under pressure

The pressure dependence of the structural, magnetic and superconducting transitions and of the superconducting upper critical field were studied in sulfur-substituted Fe(Se$_{1-x}$S$_{x}$). Resistance measurements were performed on single crystals with three substitution levels ($x$=0.043, 0.096, 0.12) under hydrostatic pressures up to 1.8 GPa and in magnetic fields up to 9 T, and compared to data on pure FeSe. Our results illustrate the effects of chemical and physical pressure on Fe(Se$_{1-x}$S$_{x}$). On increasing sulfur content, magnetic order in the low-pressure range is strongly suppressed to a small dome-like region in the phase diagrams. However, $T_s$ is much less suppressed by sulfur substitution and $T_c$ of Fe(Se$_{1-x}$S$_{x}$) exhibits similar non-monotonic pressure dependence with a local maximum and a local minimum present in the low pressure range for all $x$. The local maximum in $T_c$ coincides with the emergence of the magnetic order above $T_c$. At this pressure the slope of the upper critical field decreases abruptly. The minimum of $T_c$ correlates with a broad maximum of the upper critical field slope normalized by $T_c$