Vitamin D, telomere length and anti-telomere antibodies in SLEIGH patients and controls.

<p>A) 25(OH)D levels. B) Telomere length analysis. C) Anti-telomere antibody levels. Error, standard deviation by two-sample T-test with equal variance.</p

Telomere length and anti-telomere antibody levels in longitudinal SLE patients with sufficient compared to insufficient vitamin D levels.

<p>Telomere length is considered “long” at a cut-off of >0.56. Anti-telomere antibodies are considered “positive” at a cut-off of 64 IU/mL.</p

SLEIGH patients had a significant increase in vitamin D levels, but not in telomere length over time.

<p>Vitamin D levels, telomere length and anti-telomere antibody levels were measured in 29 of the 51 SLEIGH patients in Fig. 1 at a follow-up visit and compared to their levels at their baseline visit. A) 25(OH)D levels. B) Telomere length analysis. C) Anti-telomere antibody levels. T1, baseline visit; T2 is follow-up visit for patients in T1.</p

Vitamin D levels are positively correlated with telomere length in SLEIGH subjects.

<p>A) Correlation between 25(OH)D levels and telomere length in SLEIGH patients (n = 59) and B) all SLEIGH subjects (both patients and controls with 25(OH)D levels less than 20 ng/ml) (n = 84).</p

Anti-telomere antibody levels are positively correlated with SLEDAI score in SLEIGH patients.

<p>SLEDAI scores available for SLE patients at their baseline visit were compared to their anti-telomere antibody levels at their baseline visit (n = 52) by Spearman’s rank test.</p

Demographic characteristics of the patients with SLE and unaffected controls and clinical characteristics of the patients with SLE.

<p>For the 29 patients with 2 visits, the age used is from their baseline visit indicated above.</p

PAR-1 mediated synchronized non-periodical [Ca²⁺]_i oscillations in HRMCs in response to thrombinapplication

Representative video illustrating synchronized non-periodical calcium oscillations in mesangial cells mediated by application of thrombin (5 µM) (Fluo-8 fluorescence; compressed video 15 fps; Δframe time 2.5 sec). Total (non-compressed) recording time is 20 minutes.</p

Intracellular Ca²⁺oscillations in HRMCs in response to thrombin application in the presence of PAR1 antagonist RWJ 56110

Representative video illustrating Intracellular Ca2+ signaling in HRMCs in response to thrombin (5 µM) application in the presence of PAR1 antagonist RWJ 56110 (10µM) (Fluo-8 fluorescence; compressed video 15 fps; Δframe time 2.5 sec). Total (non-compressed) recording time is 14 minutes.</p

PAR-1 mediated synchronized non-periodical [Ca²⁺]_i oscillations in HRMCs in response to TFLLR-NH₂application

Representative video illustrating synchronized non-periodical calcium oscillations in mesangial cells mediated by PAR1 receptor activation after application of TFLLR-NH2 (4 µM) (Fluo-8 fluorescence; compressed video 15 fps; Δframe time 2.5 sec). Total (non-compressed) recording time is 20 minutes.</p

<i>Fli1</i>^<i>+/-</i> T cells have significantly lower levels of Neuraminidase 1 (<i>Neu1</i>) message and NEU activity compared to <i>Fli1</i>^<i>+/+</i> T cells during early disease.

<p>cDNA was amplified from RNA isolated from T cells of MRL/lpr <i>Fli1</i>^<i>+/+</i> and <i>Fli1</i>^<i>+/-</i> 10-12 week-old mice (A) and 17-18 week-old mice (C). <i>Neu1</i> and <i>Neu3</i> message levels were measured by real-time PCR and normalized to <i>β-actin</i> levels. B) NEU activity was measured as described in the methods. Relative levels in the NEU activity assay were calculated to combine all animals across experiments as described in the methods. The ‘n’ represents data from individual animals and p values are provided within the figure.</p