Relation of feeding type, explorative behaviour and cortisol level as fixed factors with standard length as dependent variable analysed by general linear model.

<p>Relation of feeding type, explorative behaviour and cortisol level as fixed factors with standard length as dependent variable analysed by general linear model.</p

Variation in the standard length in the groups formed by the time of starting on pellet feeding.

<p>Different letters above the columns indicate significant differences (Mann-Whitney U test, P<0.01).</p

Differences among the feeding groups in measured variables of exploratory behaviour.

<p>Differences among the feeding groups in measured variables of exploratory behaviour.</p

Proportion of juvenile pikeperch assigned to 3 clusters (explorative, average or retractile) in the feeding groups.

<p>Different letters above the columns indicate significant differences (Mann-Whitney U test, P<0.01).</p

Domestication affects exploratory behaviour of pikeperch (<i>Sander lucioperca</i> L.) during the transition to pelleted food

<div><p>Genetic selection for body size during domestication of animal species can inadvertently affect a number of physiological and behavioural traits. The pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis predicts that domestication in an artificial environment lacking predators and providing abundant resources prefers proactive individuals with strong feeding motivation, high levels of aggression and risk taking, with low hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis responsiveness. In the present experiment we weaned fingerling pike-perch from live feed and habituated them to formulated feed. We recorded the number of weeks needed for the fish to accept pellets, their body length at the age of 100 days, their boldness in a novel object test and their HPI axis responsiveness. Individuals accepting the artificial feed within the first week grew larger than fish habituating later; therefore early weaners would be kept and bred in routine aquaculture procedures. Contrary to predictions of POLS hypothesis, fish weaning earlier and thus growing faster were less bold and had higher HPI axis responsiveness than fish accepting the pellets later or never. As live feed is preferred to artificial pellets, less competitive individuals may switch to pellets earlier. Inadvertent selection for stress sensitive fish may have an effect on production in aquaculture as well as on natural population after intensive restocking.</p></div

sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848231183529 – Supplemental material for Nationwide experiences with trough levels, durability, and disease activity among inflammatory bowel disease patients following COVID-19 vaccination

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848231183529 for Nationwide experiences with trough levels, durability, and disease activity among inflammatory bowel disease patients following COVID-19 vaccination by Tamás Resál, Péter Bacsur, Miklós Horváth, Kata Szántó, Mariann Rutka, Anita Bálint, Anna Fábián, Renáta Bor, Zoltán Szepes, János Fekete, Klaudia Farkas, Pál Miheller and Tamás Molnár in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p

Summary of private alleles (allele sizes and frequencies) by population.

<p>Codes of populations correspond to those of <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138640#pone.0138640.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138640#pone.0138640.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1</a>.</p

PCoA plot of pairwise population genetic distances (using Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards estimator after FREENA-INA null allele correction).

<p>Percentage variances represented by axes are shown in parentheses. Codes and colours of sites correspond to those of <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138640#pone.0138640.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138640#pone.0138640.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1</a>.</p

Theta values (Θ) and immigration rates (M) of the six clusters defined in the second round of hierarchical STRUCTURE analysis (For cluster codes see Fig 4, + receiving population).

<p>Theta values (Θ) and immigration rates (M) of the six clusters defined in the second round of hierarchical STRUCTURE analysis (For cluster codes see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138640#pone.0138640.g004" target="_blank">Fig 4</a>, + receiving population).</p