8 research outputs found
Compression of dry lysozyme targets: The target preparation pressure as a new parameter in protein thin film production by pulsed laser deposition
International audienc
The minimum amount of "matrix " needed for matrix-assisted pulsed laser deposition of biomolecules
The ability of matrix-assisted pulsed
laser evaporation (MAPLE)
technique to transfer and deposit high-quality thin organic, bioorganic,
and composite films with minimum chemical modification of the target
material has been utilized in numerous applications. One of the outstanding
problems in MAPLE film deposition, however, is the presence of residual
solvent (matrix) codeposited with the polymer material and adversely
affecting the quality of the deposited films. In this work, we investigate
the possibility of alleviating this problem by reducing the amount
of matrix in the target. A series of coarse-grained molecular dynamics
simulations are performed for a model lysozyme–water system,
where the water serves the role of volatile “matrix”
that drives the ejection of the biomolecules. The simulations reveal
a remarkable ability of a small (5–10 wt %) amount of matrix
to cause the ejection of intact bioorganic molecules. The results
obtained for different laser fluences and water concentrations are
used to establish a “processing map” of the regimes
of molecular ejection in matrix-assisted pulsed laser deposition.
The computational predictions are supported by the experimental observation
of the ejection of intact lysozyme molecules from pressed lysozyme
targets containing small amounts of residual water. The results of
this study suggest a new approach for deposition of thin films of
bioorganic molecules with minimum chemical modification of the molecular
structure and minimum involvement of solvent into the deposition process
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Cosmic kidney disease: an integrated pan-omic, physiological and morphological study into spaceflight-induced renal dysfunction.
Missions into Deep Space are planned this decade. Yet the health consequences of exposure to microgravity and galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) over years-long missions on indispensable visceral organs such as the kidney are largely unexplored. We performed biomolecular (epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, epiproteomic, metabolomic, metagenomic), clinical chemistry (electrolytes, endocrinology, biochemistry) and morphometry (histology, 3D imaging, miRNA-ISH, tissue weights) analyses using samples and datasets available from 11 spaceflight-exposed mouse and 5 human, 1 simulated microgravity rat and 4 simulated GCR-exposed mouse missions. We found that spaceflight induces: 1) renal transporter dephosphorylation which may indicate astronauts' increased risk of nephrolithiasis is in part a primary renal phenomenon rather than solely a secondary consequence of bone loss; 2) remodelling of the nephron that results in expansion of distal convoluted tubule size but loss of overall tubule density; 3) renal damage and dysfunction when exposed to a Mars roundtrip dose-equivalent of simulated GCR
Cosmic kidney disease:an integrated pan-omic, physiological and morphological study into spaceflight-induced renal dysfunction
Missions into Deep Space are planned this decade. Yet the health consequences of exposure to microgravity and galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) over years-long missions on indispensable visceral organs such as the kidney are largely unexplored. We performed biomolecular (epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, epiproteomic, metabolomic, metagenomic), clinical chemistry (electrolytes, endocrinology, biochemistry) and morphometry (histology, 3D imaging, miRNA-ISH, tissue weights) analyses using samples and datasets available from 11 spaceflight-exposed mouse and 5 human, 1 simulated microgravity rat and 4 simulated GCR-exposed mouse missions. We found that spaceflight induces: 1) renal transporter dephosphorylation which may indicate astronauts' increased risk of nephrolithiasis is in part a primary renal phenomenon rather than solely a secondary consequence of bone loss; 2) remodelling of the nephron that results in expansion of distal convoluted tubule size but loss of overall tubule density; 3) renal damage and dysfunction when exposed to a Mars roundtrip dose-equivalent of simulated GCR.</p