1,023 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
The two-qubit singlet/triplet measurement is universal for quantum computing given only maximally-mixed initial states
Data availability: No data were generated or used in the work.Code availability: No code was generated or used in the work.Supplementary information: Peer review file is availavle online at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-43481-y#Sec10 .Copyright © The Author(s) 2023. In order to delineate which minimalistic physical primitives can enable the full power of universal quantum computing, it has been fruitful to consider various measurement based architectures which reduce or eliminate the use of coherent unitary evolution, and also involve operations that are physically natural. In this context previous works had shown that the triplet-singlet measurement of two qubit angular momentum (or equivalently two qubit exchange symmetry) yields the power of quantum computation given access to a few additional different single qubit states or gates. However, Freedman, Hastings and Shokrian-Zini1 recently proposed a remarkable conjecture, called the ‘STP=BQP’ conjecture, which states that the two-qubit singlet/triplet measurement is quantum computationally universal given only an initial ensemble of maximally mixed single qubits. In this work we prove this conjecture. This provides a method for quantum computing that is fully rotationally symmetric (i.e. reference frame independent), using primitives that are physically very-accessible, naturally resilient to certain forms of error, and provably the simplest possible
Topology and Phases in Fermionic Systems
There can exist topological obstructions to continuously deforming a gapped
Hamiltonian for free fermions into a trivial form without closing the gap.
These topological obstructions are closely related to obstructions to the
existence of exponentially localized Wannier functions. We show that by taking
two copies of a gapped, free fermionic system with complex conjugate
Hamiltonians, it is always possible to overcome these obstructions. This allows
us to write the ground state in matrix product form using Grassman-valued bond
variables, and show insensitivity of the ground state density matrix to
boundary conditions.Comment: 4 pages, see also arxiv:0710.329
The geometric measure of entanglement for a symmetric pure state with positive amplitudes
In this paper for a class of symmetric multiparty pure states we consider a
conjecture related to the geometric measure of entanglement: 'for a symmetric
pure state, the closest product state in terms of the fidelity can be chosen as
a symmetric product state'. We show that this conjecture is true for symmetric
pure states whose amplitudes are all non-negative in a computational basis. The
more general conjecture is still open.Comment: Similar results have been obtained independently and with different
methods by T-C. Wei and S. Severini, see arXiv:0905.0012v
Multiple copy 2-state discrimination with individual measurements
We address the problem of non-orthogonal two-state discrimination when
multiple copies of the unknown state are available. We give the optimal
strategy when only fixed individual measurements are allowed and show that its
error probability saturates the collective (lower) bound asymptotically. We
also give the optimal strategy when adaptivity of individual von Neumann
measurements is allowed (which requires classical communication), and show that
the corresponding error probability is exactly equal to the collective one for
any number of copies. We show that this strategy can be regarded as Bayesian
updating.Comment: 5 pages, RevTe
Bounds on Multipartite Entangled Orthogonal State Discrimination Using Local Operations and Classical Communication
We show that entanglement guarantees difficulty in the discrimination of
orthogonal multipartite states locally. The number of pure states that can be
discriminated by local operations and classical communication is bounded by the
total dimension over the average entanglement. A similar, general condition is
also shown for pure and mixed states. These results offer a rare operational
interpretation for three abstractly defined distance like measures of
multipartite entanglement.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. Title changed in accordance with jounral request.
Major changes to the paper. Intro rewritten to make motivation clear, and
proofs rewritten to be clearer. Picture added for clarit
Dynamics and Stability of Black Rings
We examine the dynamics of neutral black rings, and identify and analyze a
selection of possible instabilities. We find the dominating forces of very thin
black rings to be a Newtonian competition between a string-like tension and a
centrifugal force. We study in detail the radial balance of forces in black
rings, and find evidence that all fat black rings are unstable to radial
perturbations, while thin black rings are radially stable. Most thin black
rings, if not all of them, also likely suffer from Gregory-Laflamme
instabilities. We also study simple models for stability against
emission/absorption of massless particles. Our results point to the conclusion
that most neutral black rings suffer from classical dynamical instabilities,
but there may still exist a small range of parameters where thin black rings
are stable. We also discuss the absence of regular real Euclidean sections of
black rings, and thermodynamics in the grand-canonical ensemble.Comment: 39 pages, 17 figures; v2: conclusions concerning radial stability
corrected + new appendix + refs added; v3: additional comments regarding
stabilit
Neuroendocrine effects of carnitines on reproductive impairments
Carnitines are quaternary amines involved in various cellular processes such as fatty acid uptake, β‐oxidation and glucose metabolism regulation. Due to their neurotrophic activities, their integrative use has been studied in several different physio‐pathological conditions such as anorexia nervosa, chronic fatigue, vascular diseases, Alzheimer’s disease and male infertility. Being metabol-ically active, carnitines have also been proposed to treat reproductive impairment such as functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) since they improve both hormonal and metabolic parameters modulating the neuroendocrine impairments of FHA. Moreo-ver, they are capable of improving the lipid profile and the insulin sensitivity in patients with PCOS
Light scattering and phase behavior of Lysozyme-PEG mixtures
Measurements of liquid-liquid phase transition temperatures (cloud points) of
mixtures of a protein (lysozyme) and a polymer, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)
show that the addition of low molecular weight PEG stabilizes the mixture
whereas high molecular weight PEG was destabilizing. We demonstrate that this
behavior is inconsistent with an entropic depletion interaction between
lysozyme and PEG and suggest that an energetic attraction between lysozyme and
PEG is responsible. In order to independently characterize the lysozyme/PEG
interactions, light scattering experiments on the same mixtures were performed
to measure second and third virial coefficients. These measurements indicate
that PEG induces repulsion between lysozyme molecules, contrary to the
depletion prediction. Furthermore, it is shown that third virial terms must be
included in the mixture's free energy in order to qualitatively capture our
cloud point and light scattering data. The light scattering results were
consistent with the cloud point measurements and indicate that attractions do
exist between lysozyme and PEG.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl
From Unruh temperature to generalized Bousso bound
In a classical spacetime satisfying Einstein's equation and the null
convergence condition, the same quantum mechanical effects that cause black
holes to have a temperature are found to imply, if joined to the macroscopic
nature of entropy, the covariant entropy bound in its generalized form. This is
obtained from thermodynamics, as applied across the local Rindler causal
horizon through every point p of the null hypersurfaces L the covariant entropy
bound refers to, in the direction of the null geodesics generating L.Comment: 5 pages. v2: some changes to clarify the path to the obtained
results; two (final) paragraphs, the acknowledgments and a reference adde
Schmidt balls around the identity
Robustness measures as introduced by Vidal and Tarrach [PRA, 59, 141-155]
quantify the extent to which entangled states remain entangled under mixing.
Analogously, we introduce here the Schmidt robustness and the random Schmidt
robustness. The latter notion is closely related to the construction of Schmidt
balls around the identity. We analyse the situation for pure states and provide
non-trivial upper and lower bounds. Upper bounds to the random Schmidt-2
robustness allow us to construct a particularly simple distillability
criterion. We present two conjectures, the first one is related to the radius
of inner balls around the identity in the convex set of Schmidt number
n-states. We also conjecture a class of optimal Schmidt witnesses for pure
states.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur
- …