Biopsy series of acute kidney injury from a tertiary care referral center in south India

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospital patients and more so in critically ill patients. It is frequent, harmful and potentially treatable condition. In a total of 243 renal biopsies 130 cases fulfilled the criteria of acute kidney injury. The usual mode of presentation was renal failure followed by acute nephritis. Histopathologically acute interstitial nephritis was the usual finding followed by post infectious-glomerular nephritis. The acute renal failure (ARF) prognosis is influenced by the co-morbidity states and we had a high mortality of 8.46% in our referral centre

Cytological findings in routine voided urine samples with hematuria from a tertiary care center in south India

Background: Regardless of the availability of newer and more sophisticated modalities of investigation, urinary tract cytology still remains the most commonly used non-invasive test for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Aims: As hematuria is the commonest presenting symptom in patients with malignancy of urinary tract, we undertook this study to know the usefulness of urine cytology in evaluation of the hematuric patients for malignancy. Materials and Methods: A total of 21,557 fresh voided urine samples received at our tertiary care referral centre over a period of three years were included in the study. Of these, 1428 cases had hematuria, criteria of either gross or microscopic. Results: Among these hematuric cases included in the study, 32.5% (464 cases) were found to have positive finding of atypical cells. In these cases with atypia, 9.5% (136 cases) were proved to have malignancy both with the histopathological biopsy and cystoscopic findings. Other cases of atypia were found to be of reactive origin, either due to instrumentation or foreign body. A large number of hematuric cases, that is, 964 cases (67.5%) were negative for atypical cells. Conclusions: The limited ability of urine cytology to detect low grade bladder tumors, its subjectivity and lack of uniformity in reporting, all render urine cytology a less than perfect tool. With added collaboration between clinician and cytopathologist, urine cytology can be used an adjunct tool in evaluation of patients with hematuria

Benign Nephrectomies and its Variables along with Vascular Changes in the Renal Artery: A Study from Tertiary Care Centre from South India

Nephrectomy remains the standard of care for patients with suspected renal mass despite studies proving that nephrectomy as an independent risk factor for developing chronic renal insufficiency. The indications for nephrectomy depend on the type of disease, extent of renal damage, status of the second kidney and the patient's general condition. The aim of this study is to review the pathological spectrum with vascular changes of total or partial nephrectomy cases for benign renal lesions underwent at our tertiary care referral institute in Bangalore, South India

Amoeboma- An Interesting Case Report With an Unusual Presentation

Amebiasis is an infectious disease caused by Entamoeba Histolytica is more common in devolping countries, with various clinical manifestations and sequalae. Amoeboma , is an unusual sequelae which manifests as a tumor like mass within the colon. We present an unusual case of 5 year old child with signs of acute abdomen. A mass was found on expoloratory laparotomy attached to the small intestine. Histopathological examination of the mass revealed numerous amoebic trophozoites and the diagnosis of amoeboma was made. Our case is unusual because amoebomas presenting as an extraluminal mass attached to small intestine is extremely uncommon

Refractory anemia leading to renal hemosiderosis and renal failure

Renal hemosiderosis is a rare cause of renal failure and, as a result, may not be diagnosed unless a detailed history, careful interpretation of blood parameters and renal biopsy with special staining is done. Here, we present a rare case of renal hemosiderosis presenting with renal failure