Phase Equilibrium Data Study With Carbon Dioxide Solvent For 80.52:19.48 Of Ethanoloctane Mixture At Elevated Pressure.

Solubility data of a mixture containing 80.52 % ethanol and 19.48 % octane was measured in carbon dioxide solvent using a high-pressure type phase equilibrium apparatus at pressures up to 100 bar and at temperature of 75 °C. The experimental results showed that considerable separation was not achieved in this ethanol and octane ratio using carbon dioxide

Design a Slot-Less Linear Actuator for Food Processing Application

This paper is about design of slot-less linear oscillatory actuator for food processing application. Linear actuator is a device that produces linear motion without using any mechanical. People are still using traditional or conventional compression method by pressing hand in the moulding device to process the traditional cookies such as samperit and tart. However, this method is no longer practical as it requires a lot of energy and longer time to press the dough which will affect the productivity. The main objective of this research is to design slotless linear actuator for food processing based on desired application. So, a power moulding device embedded with slot-less linear actuator is proposed and simulated using Ansys Maxwell software. In Ansys Maxwell, the analysis of the coil sizing has been carried out in details. The variable parameters that include in this project are number of coil, number of turns, height of coil and gap between coils. As a result, the best model of slot-less linear actuator is chosen based on the required specifications and thrust characteristic. This new device can help to overcome or solve the weaknesses of the conventional compression method. In conclusion, this research provides overview and guidelines of linear actuator for food processing

Performance Characteristics Of Non-Arc Double Stator Permanent Magnet Generator

The improvement in the power density in the double stator configurations is feasible with increase in the electrical loading of the electrical machines. This type of newer configuration is finding significant applications in improvising energy generation, more commonly for renewable energy generation. Various double stator configurations with non-arc permanent magnet machines for power density are modelled and analyzed in this paper. Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to simulate for the generation capability including the electromagnetics parameters such as flux linkage and open circuit voltage. A new slotted rotor structure is evolved based on the magnetic flux flow control inside the machine. The proposed structure is then fabricated in the laboratory and tested for operating characteristics with load circuit. The proposed machine produces a maximum power of 600W at speed of 2000 rpm with 75% of maximum efficiency with the micro-hydro generation unit

Analysis of sequence variations in low-density lipoprotein receptor gene among Malaysian patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder mainly caused by defects in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene. Few and limited analyses of familial hypercholesterolemia have been performed in Malaysia, and the underlying mutations therefore remain largely unknown.</p> <p>We studied a group of 154 unrelated FH patients from a northern area of Malaysia (Kelantan). The promoter region and exons 2-15 of the LDLR gene were screened by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography to detect short deletions and nucleotide substitutions, and by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification to detect large rearrangements.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 29 gene sequence variants were reported in 117(76.0%) of the studied subjects. Eight different mutations (1 large rearrangement, 1 short deletion, 5 missense mutations, and 1 splice site mutation), and 21 variants. Eight gene sequence variants were reported for the first time and they were noticed in familial hypercholesterolemic patients, but not in controls (p.Asp100Asp, p.Asp139His, p.Arg471Gly, c.1705+117 T>G, c.1186+41T>A, 1705+112C>G, Dup exon 12 and p.Trp666ProfsX45). The incidence of the p.Arg471Gly variant was 11%. Patients with pathogenic mutations were younger, had significantly higher incidences of cardiovascular disease, xanthomas, and family history of hyperlipidemia, together with significantly higher total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein levels than patients with non-pathogenic variants.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Twenty-nine gene sequence variants occurred among FH patients; those with predicted pathogenicity were associated with higher incidences of cardiovascular diseases, tendon xanthomas, and higher total and low density lipoprotein levels compared to the rest. These results provide preliminary information on the mutation spectrum of this gene among patients with FH in Malaysia.</p

Is a fan coil unit (FCU) an efficient cooling system for net-zero energy buildings (NZEBs) in tropical regions? An experimental study on thermal comfort and energy performance of an FCU

In tropical regions, the selection of an efficient cooling system is a prerequisite for energy-efficient and net-zero energy buildings (NZEBs), while fan coil unit (FCU) systems are commonly used to provide thermal comfort (TC) of the interior environment throughout the entire year. In this study, to find a cooling solution for Malaysia's first net-zero building, the performance of a case study FCU-classroom was evaluated based on a one-month experimental assessment and a one-year simulation function. The precision of the measurements was computed using uncertainty analysis, and the simulation model was validated using measurement data. The impact of mechanical dehumidification on FCU performance was evaluated by analyzing the collected data in terms of cooling load allocation, cooling coil capacity, TC, and energy consumption. In order to guide the selection of a cooling system, a comparative analysis has been conducted between the performance of the FCU and two alternative systems, namely the redesigned FCU and the desiccant cooling system. This analysis was focused on evaluating the TC and energy use of these systems. The findings from the FCU performance analysis indicated that, in order to handle the cooling load in a classroom with an equal distribution of latent and sensible load (50:50 ratio), the FCU utilized 56 % of its total cooling coil capacity (13.06 kW) and 37 % of its energy consumption for the dehumidification process. The FCU utilized an average of 1360.3 kWh per month to maintain a comfortable room temperature of 24.3 °C and an uncomfortable relative humidity (RH) of 77.2 %. However, it was observed that the amount of moisture removal was insufficient to achieve a humidity comfort level in the room. Comparing alternative solutions to the FCU revealed that while a redesigned could provide TC, it consumed approximately 1.6 times more energy per month than the FCU. The desiccant cooling system provided TC with an average monthly energy savings of 37.8 % compared to the case study FCU

Design and Analysis of In-Wheel Double Stator Slotted Rotor BLDC Motor for Electric Bicycle Application

This paper discusses about design and analysis of double stator slotted rotor (DSSR) BLDC motor for electric bicycle application. Usually single stator (SS) BLDC motor is used in an electric bicycle. This type of motor has low performance and need to be charged regularly. The objective of this research is to design and analysis DSSR motor that have high torque. At starts, design specification for the electric bicycle is calculated. Next, design process for DSSR is carried out by using the desired parameter. Lastly, analysis for double stator slotted rotor is simulated using FEM. Result  for average back emf, average inductance, inner stator flux density, outer stator flux density, average torque and estimate torque constant is obtained. Result for average torque from FEM archieve the requirement of motor torque for DSSR design where the maximum average torque is 16.2 Nm. This research will give benefit to mankind and society in term of environment protection and energy consumption