Numerical analysis of a new magnetic frequency tripler with series-connected reactors

The authors propose a new magnetic frequency tri­pler with series-connected reactors, and present a numerical analysis of the tripler. In the analysis, Φ-i characteristic of saturable reactor is approximated by (if th-order plynominal, and nonlinear ordinary d if­ferencial equations for flux linkage are derived from an equ ivalenc circuit. The nonlinear simultaneous equations, which are obtained by using the method of Harmonic Balance, are solved by an improved Newton\u27s method. The improved numerical method enables to de­termine optimum gap length and coil turns of the re­actors. Experimental results, which are obtained by using the reactors with the numerically determined gap length and coil turns, show a constant voltage charac­teristic up to a certain load and a drooping character­istic above that load

Some experiments and considerations on the behavior of a new magnetic frequency tripler with bridge-connected reactor circuit

Some magnetic frequency triplers using the saturation characteristics of an iron core have been reported. In this paper a new frequency tripler which is based on the bridge-connected reactor circuit is proposed. The features of this tripler are that an applied source is single phase and ferro-resonance circuits are formed in both the output and input side. Consequently, the circuit becomes very simple, the power factor is greatly improved and the triple frequency output voltage holds constant. This paper presents some experiments and considerations on a new tripler. Moreover, various circuits which have equivalent operating characteristics are proposed

Performance and analysis of an advanced type magnetic frequency tripler with three three-legged cores

A new magnetic frequency tripler employing three 3-legged transformers connected in delta is proposed. The device has very little Input current distortion and which only changes very little with the fluctuations of the input voltage and the load. In addition, the volume of iron and copper is about the same as in traditional star-connected circuit. Properties of a three-legged transformer and tripler are shown with and without filters. Fundamental analysis based on single-phase equivalent circuit is conducted. Results of experiments and and analysis show improved performance of the new tripler

High-speed ac motor including the function of a magnetic frequency tripler

The new electric motor is the magnetic combination of a magnetic frequency multiplier and a AC motor which share the common magnetic yoke. The motor operates near the synchronous speed (10,800 rpm) by applied the single-phase commercial source at 60 Hz. The new machine is called “high-speed hybrid AC motor” because the combination of a motor and a frequency converter. This paper describes the structure and the operating characteristics of the new motor

Efficacy of gel electrophoresis for proteins and biotechnological products –an overview.

Nucleic acids or proteins electrophoresed within a matrix or gel that immersed in a buffer provides ions needed to carry a current and for pH maintenance at a relatively constant value. Sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis   (SDS-PAGE) utilizes SDS as an anionic detergent that causes protein denaturation that linearized protein molecules. Each molecule of SDS has the ability to binds to two amino acids. As a result, the ratio of charge to mass becomes constant for all denatured proteins in the mixture. The molecules of protein migrate toward the positive pole and separated in the gel depending only on their molecular weights. The chains of polyacrylamide are cross linked by N, N-methylene bisacrylamide comonomers and ammonium persulfate used as an initiator for polymerization as they act as radical source and N, N, N', N'- tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) used to catalyse the polymerization. Electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acids by using agarose or polyacrylamide gels were illustrated in this review

Multiple novel prostate cancer susceptibility signals identified by fine-mapping of known risk loci among Europeans

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous common prostate cancer (PrCa) susceptibility loci. We have fine-mapped 64 GWAS regions known at the conclusion of the iCOGS study using large-scale genotyping and imputation in 25 723 PrCa cases and 26 274 controls of European ancestry. We detected evidence for multiple independent signals at 16 regions, 12 of which contained additional newly identified significant associations. A single signal comprising a spectrum of correlated variation was observed at 39 regions; 35 of which are now described by a novel more significantly associated lead SNP, while the originally reported variant remained as the lead SNP only in 4 regions. We also confirmed two association signals in Europeans that had been previously reported only in East-Asian GWAS. Based on statistical evidence and linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure, we have curated and narrowed down the list of the most likely candidate causal variants for each region. Functional annotation using data from ENCODE filtered for PrCa cell lines and eQTL analysis demonstrated significant enrichment for overlap with bio-features within this set. By incorporating the novel risk variants identified here alongside the refined data for existing association signals, we estimate that these loci now explain ∼38.9% of the familial relative risk of PrCa, an 8.9% improvement over the previously reported GWAS tag SNPs. This suggests that a significant fraction of the heritability of PrCa may have been hidden during the discovery phase of GWAS, in particular due to the presence of multiple independent signals within the same regio