Carriages for skylines

Carriages may be classified as slackpulling or non-slackpulling, and the slackpulling carriages may be further classified by how they accomplish the slackpulling function. Slackpulling carriages provide the skyline with lateral yarding capability and therefore can be used in a variety of silvicultural prescriptions. Non-slackpulling carriages can include either chokers or grapples and are used in clearcuts. For a skyline system to operate efficiently, the carriage must be matched to the number of lines and the line diameters on the yarder

Terminology of ground-based mechanized logging in the Pacific Northwest

"The purpose of this publication is to compile a standardized set of terminology for mechanized logging machinery and logging methods for the Pacific Northwest. While other organizations have produced similar works with either a wider or narrower focus (Dean and Evans 1978, Mifflin and Lysons 1979, Ford-Robertson 1983, Granvik et al. 1983, American Society of Agricultural Engineers 1991, Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 1991), this publication is limited to mechanized logging equipment and logging methods. Terminology from Scandinavian and Canadian organizations, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and various U.S. organizations was compiled and synthesized into the terminology that follows. The publication is divided into sections on machinery and operations and on logging systems."--Introductio

Unc45b Forms a Cytosolic Complex with Hsp90 and Targets the Unfolded Myosin Motor Domain

Myosin folding and assembly in striated muscle is mediated by the general chaperones Hsc70 and Hsp90 and a myosin specific co-chaperone, UNC45. Two UNC45 genes are found in vertebrates, including a striated muscle specific form, Unc45b. We have investigated the role of Unc45b in myosin folding. Epitope tagged murine Unc45b (Unc45bFlag) was expressed in muscle and non-muscle cells and bacteria, isolated and characterized. The protein is a soluble monomer in solution with a compact folded rod-shaped structure of ∼19 nm length by electron microscopy. When over-expressed in striated muscle cells, Unc45bFlag fractionates as a cytosolic protein and isolates as a stable complex with Hsp90. Purified Unc45bFlag re-binds Hsp90 and forms a stable complex in solution. The endogenous Unc45b in muscle cell lysates is also found associated with Hsp90. The Unc45bFlag/Hsp90 complex binds the partially folded myosin motor domain when incubated with myosin subfragments synthesized in a reticulocyte lysate. This binding is independent of the myosin rod or light chains. Unc45bFlag does not bind native myosin subfragments consistent with a chaperone function. More importantly, Unc45bFlag enhances myosin motor domain folding during de novo motor domain synthesis indicating that it has a direct role in myosin maturation. Thus, mammalian Unc45b is a cytosolic protein that forms a stable complex with Hsp90, selectively binds the unfolded conformation of the myosin motor domain, and promotes motor domain folding

A computer program for determining the load-carrying capability of the running skyline /

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