Taxonomic study of Streptomyces sp. strain 34-1

The present work is a part of a complex study of Streptomyces sp. strain 34-1 - a producer of trypsin and trypsin-like protease inhibitors with antiviral effect. The taxonomically significant properties of the strain were examined according to the International Streptomycetes Project (ISP). The identification of the strain was based on Nonomura's key. The morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Streptomyces sp. strain 34-1 were compared with the references for similar streptomycetes species. The strain was identified as Streptomyces chromofuscus and designated as S. chromofuscus 34-1

TAXONOMY OF STREPTOMYCES SP. STRAIN 3B

Strain Streptomyces sp. 3B produces high activity extracellular proteolytic complex, in which serine- and metalloproteases are identified. The general and some other significant properties for the taxonomy of the strain were studied by the methods of the International Streptomycetes Project. The results of the investigation of Streptomyces sp. 3B and the comparative references about Streptomyces species with similar taxonomic characteristics identified it as Streptomyces albovinaceus . The antibiotic activity and sensitivity was also tested. Strain 3B was resistant to the group of the penicillin antibiotic

Natural polymorphism of strain Streptomyces galbus (F.) subsp. achromogenes 695

The natural variability of strain Streptomyces galbus   (F) subsp. achromogenes 695 was examined. The changes of three characteristics: morphology of the colonies, formation of diffusible pigment and antibiotic activity, were studied on 21 agar media. It was established that the polymorphism of the strain was the greatest on Gauze's No1 medium. Its population divided into four morphological types of colonies and one subtype of type I, which differed in the development stage of the aerial mycelium and in the colour intensity of the aerial and vegetative mycelium and of the soluble pigment. A positive correlation between the antibiotic activity and the biosynthesis of diffusible pigment was observed. The variants of the basic (I) morphological type had the highest antibiotic activity. Strain 695-3, which activity was with 20% higher than the one of the initial culture, was chosen for further selection

NATURAL POLYMORPHISM OF STRAIN STREPTOMYCES GALBUS (F.) SUBSP. ACHROMOGENES 695

The natural variability of strain Streptomyces galbus (F) subsp. achromogenes 695 was examined. The changes of three characteristics: morphology of the colonies, formation of diffusible pigment and antibiotic activity, were studied on 21 agar media. It was established that the polymorphism of the strain was the greatest on Gauze's No1 medium. Its population divided into four morphological types of colonies and one subtype of type I, which differed in the development stage of the aerial mycelium and in the colour intensity of the aerial and vegetative mycelium and of the soluble pigment. A positive correlation between the antibiotic activity and the biosynthesis of diffusible pigment was observed. The variants of the basic (I) morphological type had the highest antibiotic activity. Strain 695-3, which activity was with 20% higher than the one of the initial culture, was chosen for further selection

TAXONOMY OF STREPTOMYCES SP. STRAIN 3B

Strain Streptomyces sp. 3B produces high activity extracellular proteolytic complex, in which serine- and metalloproteases are identified. The general and some other significant properties for the taxonomy of the strain were studied by the methods of the International Streptomycetes Project. The results of the investigation of Streptomyces sp. 3B and the comparative references about Streptomyces species with similar taxonomic characteristics identified it as Streptomyces albovinaceus   . The antibiotic activity and sensitivity was also tested. Strain 3B was resistant to the group of the penicillin antibiotic

Taxonomic study of Streptomyces sp. strain 34-1

The present work is a part of a complex study of Streptomyces sp. strain 34-1 - a producer of trypsin and trypsin-like protease inhibitors with antiviral effect. The taxonomically significant properties of the strain were examined according to the International Streptomycetes Project (ISP). The identification of the strain was based on Nonomura's key. The morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Streptomyces sp. strain 34-1 were compared with the references for similar streptomycetes species. The strain was identified as Streptomyces chromofuscus and designated as S. chromofuscus 34-1

INFLUENCE OF THE LONG-TERM PRESERVATION ON SOME BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THREE STREPTOMYCETES STRAINS, PRODUCERS OF ANTIBIOTIC SUBSTANCES

The influence of long-term preservation in lyophilized state on the survival, the morphology and antibiotic activity of three streptomycetes strains Streptomyces galbus (F) subsp. achromogenes 695, Str. albogriseolus 444 and Streptomyces sp. T-741 was studied. It was established that viability of the strains depended not only on the conditions of lyophilization but also on the physiological state and strain features of the cultures. The spores of the strain 695, 444 and T-741 remained viable 13, 21 and 8 years respectively. At the same time an increase of the polymorphism of the strains 695 and 444 and appearance of new morphological types was observed. The method of lyophilization was suitable also for long-term storage of antibiotic activity of the three strains. The activity was retained to 80-90% from initial one

INFLUENCE OF THE LONG-TERM PRESERVATION ON SOME BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THREE STREPTOMYCETES STRAINS, PRODUCERS OF ANTIBIOTIC SUBSTANCES

The influence of long-term preservation in lyophilized state on the survival, the morphology and antibiotic activity of three streptomycetes strains Streptomyces galbus (F) subsp. achromogenes 695, Str. albogriseolus 444 and Streptomyces sp. T-741 was studied. It was established that viability of the strains depended not only on the conditions of lyophilization but also on the physiological state and strain features of the cultures. The spores of the strain 695, 444 and T-741 remained viable 13, 21 and 8 years respectively. At the same time an increase of the polymorphism of the strains 695 and 444 and appearance of new morphological types was observed. The method of lyophilization was suitable also for long-term storage of antibiotic activity of the three strains. The activity was retained to 80-90% from initial one

CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL ACTINOMYCETES FROM ANTARCTICA

Forty-seven actinomyces strains were isolated from Antarctic soils - nineteen of them showed antagonistic activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Six of the strains possessed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Results obtained from the physiological and biochemical analyses including determination of 39 characteristics proved that two of the strains (23 and 29) were similar whereas all the rest differed among each other. Morphological studies indicated that the strains belonged to the genera Streptomyces, Actinomadura and Kitasatosporia. Antibacterial activity of three actinomycetes strains (designed as 29, 30 and 47) was confirmed in batch culture. They were active against clinical isolates from the species Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The three strains also showed antibacterial activity against the phytopathogenic bacteria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines, X. vesicatoria, X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and Clavibacter michiganensis, for which no biological means for control, had been developed yet. The broadest spectrum of antibacterial action had the strain 29. The antibacterial compounds produced by these strains probably possessed non-polar structure and consisted of several active components

CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL ACTINOMYCETES FROM ANTARCTICA

Forty-seven actinomyces strains were isolated from Antarctic soils - nineteen of them showed antagonistic activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Six of the strains possessed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Results obtained from the physiological and biochemical analyses including determination of 39 characteristics proved that two of the strains (23 and 29) were similar whereas all the rest differed among each other. Morphological studies indicated that the strains belonged to the genera Streptomyces , Actinomadura and Kitasatosporia . Antibacterial activity of three actinomycetes strains (designed as 29, 30 and 47) was confirmed in batch culture. They were active against clinical isolates from the species Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The three strains also showed antibacterial activity against the phytopathogenic bacteria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines, X. vesicatoria, X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and Clavibacter michiganensis , for which no biological means for control, had been developed yet. The broadest spectrum of antibacterial action had the strain 29. The antibacterial compounds produced by these strains probably possessed non-polar structure and consisted of several active components