Associated dataset: Modeling the seasonal cycle of iron and carbon fluxes in the Amundsen Sea Polynya, Antarctica

This dataset features the results from the numerical simulation described in the associated publication (St-Laurent et al.). The simulation results are in the standard, self-documented NetCDF format (extension .nc); see https://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/ for more information. Files in this format can be manipulated and displayed by a wide range of freely available software. The results from the simulation are divided into monthly files (ocean_avg_0001.nc to ocean_avg_0098.nc). Each file holds 30 days worth of time-averaged daily model fields, from January 2006 to December 2013. The dataset also includes the forcings used in the model calculation (in the same format as above). Detailed information about the open source numerical model used in the study (Regional Ocean Modeling System, ROMS) is available at www.myroms.org

Dataset: A numerical simulation of the ocean, sea ice and ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea (Antarctica) over the period 2006-2022 and its associated code and input files

A three-dimensional numerical model of the Amundsen Sea (Antarctica) was used to simulate the period Jan.2006-Mar.2022 under consistent atmospheric/oceanic forcings, bathymetry/ice shelf topography, and model equations/parameters. The model is an implementation of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS, https://www.myroms.org/) with extensions for sea ice (Budgell 2005) and ice shelves (Dinniman et al. 2011). It simulates the ocean hydrography and circulation, sea ice thermodynamics and dynamics, and the basal melt of the ice shelves, with a uniform horizontal mesh of 1.5km and 20 topography-following vertical levels. Forcings include the ERA5 reanalysis (3-hourly), 10 tidal constituents from CATS 2008, and ocean/sea ice conditions at the edges of the model domain taken from the 5km-resolution circumpolar model of Dinniman et al. 2020 and from daily SSM/I satellite images. The model outputs are divided into nine directories each containing two years worth of model results (run661-669) in the NetCDF format. Each directory contains: daily-averaged model fields (roms_avg_xxxx.nc), instantaneous snapshots every 3 hours for select fields (roms_qck_xxxx.nc), and instantaneous snapshots every 30 days (roms_his_xxxx.nc). All the metadata information necessary for the interpretation of the model outputs (dimensions, units, etc) is included inside the NetCDF files. The NetCDF files follow the CF conventions and can be opened with various software that are open source and freely available over the Internet. In addition to the model outputs, this archive includes the computer code as well as the input files necessary for reproducing the model outputs of this archive

Numerical Simulations of the Biogeochemical Impact of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Surface Waters of the Western North Atlantic

The impacts of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on the chlorophyll and nitrogen dynamics of surface waters in the western North Atlantic (25-45N, 65-80W) were examined with a biogeochemical ocean model forced with a regional atmospheric chemistry model. The model simulations cover the period 2004 to 2008 and are fully described in the following reference: St-Laurent, P., et al., Impacts of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on surface waters of the western North Atlantic mitigated by multiple feedbacks, J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, vol.122, doi:10.1002/2017jc013072

Associated dataset: Relative impacts of global changes and regional watershed changes on the inorganic carbon balance of the Chesapeake Bay

The dataset is a permanent archive of the results presented in the associated publication (St-Laurent et al. 2020, Biogeosciences). This study used a biogeochemical module embedded in the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) to examine the relative impacts of global changes and regional watershed changes on the inorganic carbon balance of the Chesapeake Bay over the past century. The numerical experiments contrast the periods 1900-1914 and 2000-2014 and the results are fully described in the associated publication

Associated dataset: Ocean circulation causes strong variability in the Mid-Atlantic Bight nitrogen budget

The dataset includes model outputs used in the associated publication (Friedrichs et al.), which used the United States Eastern Continental Shelf (USECoS) biogeochemical model embedded in the Regional-Ocean-Modeling-System (ROMS) to examine the impact of the oceanic circulation on the nitrogen budget of the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB). The model simulation covers the period 2004 to 2008 and is fully described in the associated publication. The model simulation highlights that the horizontal along-shelf and across-shelf fluxes dominate the spatiotemporal variability of net community production (NCP) in the MAB. The highest NCP is found in a year when inorganic nitrogen entering from across the continental slope is high and terrestrial inputs are low

Mechanisms driving decadal changes in the carbonate system of a coastal plain estuary: Associated dataset

This dataset includes model outputs presented in the associated publication (Da et al. 2021, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans). This study used a three-dimensional ecosystem model to quantify the relative impacts of multiple anthropogenic drivers on the Chesapeake Bay carbonate system over the past three decades. Model simulations highlight that increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations and decreased terrestrial nutrient inputs are two primary drivers causing nearly equal reductions in pH in surface waters of the Bay

Real-time environmental forecasts of the Chesapeake Bay: Model setup, improvements, and online visualization

Daily real-time nowcasts (current conditions) and 2-day forecasts of environmental conditions in the Chesapeake Bay have been continuously available for 4 years. The forecasts use a 3-D hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model with 1–2 km resolution and 3-D output every 6 h that includes salinity, water temperature, pH, aragonite saturation state, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, and hypoxic volume. Visualizations of the forecasts are available through a local institutional website (www.vims.edu/hypoxia) and the MARACOOS Oceans Map portal (https://oceansmap.maracoos.org/chesapeake-bay/). Modifications to real-time graphics on the local website are routinely made based on stakeholder input and are formatted for use on a mobile device. Continuous model input files were developed from daily real-time forecast input files, for hindcast simulations and efficient evaluation and improvement of the real-time model. This manuscript describes the setup of the environmental forecasting system, how the model accuracy has been improved, and the revision of online graphics based on stakeholder feedback

Associated dataset: Impacts of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition and Coastal Nitrogen Fluxes on Oxygen Concentrations in Chesapeake Bay

The dataset includes model outputs used in publication Da et al. (2018), which used the Estuarine-Carbon-Biogeochemistry model embedded in the Regional-Ocean-Modeling-System (ChesROMS-ECB) to examine the relative impact of direct atmospheric dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) deposition and DIN from the continental shelf on the Chesapeake Bay dissolved oxygen. Model simulations highlight that DIN from the atmosphere has roughly the same impact on hypoxia as the same gram-for-gram change in riverine DIN loading. DIN concentrations on the continental shelf has a similar overall impact on hypoxia as DIN from the atmosphere

Revue du processus de formulation de projet de coopération technique au sein de l'organisation de l'aviation civile internationale

C’est dans le cadre du programme de maîtrise en administration publique de l’ÉNAP, concentration administration internationale, que j’ai eu la chance de compléter un stage d’une durée de 4 mois au sein de l’Organisation de l’Aviation Civile Internationale. À mon plus grand bonheur, 2014 était le 70e anniversaire de l’organisation; j’ai par conséquent été honoré de participer aux nombreuses célébrations prévues au cours du mois de décembre qui ont eu lieu à la Maison de l’OACI sur la rue Université à Montréal. Ma participation aux célébrations m’a initialement permis de mieux comprendre l’histoire de l’Organisation, mais aussi de mieux conceptualiser le contexte dans lequel celle-ci a vu le jour. Ma participation au GACS (Global Aviation Collaboration Symposium) dès la première semaine de mon stage, m’a aussi été extrêmement bénéfique en me catapultant directement dans le feu de l’action et en me donnant immédiatement quantité d’informations sur la Direction de la coopération technique, le bureau qui allait m’accueillir pour les 4 mois qui allaient suivre. Mon mandat en tant que stagiaire au sein de l’équipe de développement de projet consistait à passer en revue le processus de formulation de projet de coopération technique en me basant sur les travaux des auteurs Bachir Mazouz et Jean Leclerc en matière de Gestion par Résultats. Mes recommandations, aux nombres de quinze, visent à mettre une plus grande emphase sur le rôle de prospection et le développement d’affaires, ainsi que l’implantation d’un système d’informations plus efficace et l’optimisation des ressources déjà présentes au sein des équipes de la Direction de la coopération technique. Tout cela dans le but de venir solidifier le rôle de leader de l’OACI dans le domaine de l’aviation civile internationale. En plus de venir contribuer à l’équipe de développement de projet dans sa quête de perfectionnement de ses documents de projet, face à un accroissement de la demande pour ses services et l’augmentation de l’offre de service analogue par des firmes de consultation privée

Constraining an Ocean Model Under Getz Ice Shelf, Antarctica, Using A Gravity‐Derived Bathymetry

Getz Ice Shelf, the largest producer of ice shelf meltwater in Antarctica, buttresses glaciers that hold enough ice to raise sea level by 22 cm. We present a new bathymetry of its sub‐ice shelf cavity using a three‐dimensional inversion of airborne gravity data constrained by multibeam bathymetry at sea and a reconstruction of the bedrock from mass conservation on land. The new bathymetry is deeper than previously estimated with differences exceeding 500 m in a number of regions. When incorporated into an ocean model, it yields a better description of the spatial distribution of ice shelf melt, specifically along glacier grounding lines. While the melt intensity is overestimated because of a positive bias in ocean thermal forcing, the study reveals the main pathways along which warm oceanic water enters the cavity and corroborates the observed rapid retreat of Berry Glacier along a deep channel with a retrograde bed slope