Viewpoints of elementary principals and their teachers concerning teachers' meetings as they are conducted within schools in five Massachusetts towns

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Alien Registration- Sparks, William (Presque Isle, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/33874/thumbnail.jp

Seasonal Temperature Changes in Three Midwestern Wastewater Streams and the Effects on Fish Assemblages and Physiology

Midwestern United States undergo extreme temperature and precipitation fluctuations throughout the year, which leads to changing habitats within Illinois river systems. Wastewater treatment facilities have long been used to treat sewage and reduce the organic products in sewage before releasing it into aquatic environments. Wastewater treatment facilities must maintain optimal conditions, especially temperature, for reproduction and growth of facilitated bacteria that break down organic materials in wastewater. The objectives for this study were to determine the thermal effects of wastewater treatment facilities on receiving waters; and secondly, to investigate the influence of these wastewater facilities on fish abundance and assemblages. Finally, I wanted to consider physiological processes that allow individuals to adapt to extreme temperatures experienced in wastewater stream systems. In all sample streams, water temperature was warmer in the effluent habitats compared to the unimpacted habitats during the winter sampling event. Overall fish abundance was significantly influenced by the changing seasons with greater abundance in the winter. Conversely, the greatest abundances of fishes for a single site were sampled in the effluent sites during the warmest season in the two smaller order streams. Effluent discharges in these streams have a constant, flowing habitat (0.17 and 0.44 m/s) and higher dissolved oxygen concentrations (7.64 and 8.03 mg/L) that could allow for higher abundance of fishes in these sites during a period of low flow and warm temperatures. Whereas in the larger order stream, extremely high conductivity values combined with above ambient water temperatures measured in the effluent during the summer survey could have influenced the lower fish abundance. Drastic changes to water temperature, typically experienced 6 in Midwestern streams, influenced changes in the physiological thresholds, somatic indices, and population structures in a Bluegill population. The adaptative strategy to undergo physical and biochemical changes allow this shallow-dwelling species to be better suited to an environment with extreme temperatures. In warmer temperatures, Bluegill were sampled with less energy reserves indicating the allocation of resources towards growth and reproduction; however, the greater amount of energy storage seen in individuals sampled in below optimal temperatures may suggest allocation towards survival and metabolic maintenance. Upper thermal tolerance was also significantly greater in specimens sampled in warmer temperatures compared to the colder temperatures. Together this information can better explain the adaptive strategies certain populations utilize to survive seasonal changes in wastewater streams

Spectrographic Polarimeter and Method of Recording State of Polarity

A single-shot real-time spectropolarimeter for use in astronomy and other sciences that captures and encodes some or all of the Stokes polarization parameters simultaneously using only static, robust optical components with no moving parts is described. The polarization information is encoded onto the spectrograph at each wavelength along the spatial dimension of the 2D output data array. The varying embodiments of the concept include both a two-Stokes implementation (in which any two of the three Stokes polarization parameters are measured) and a full Stokes implementation (in which all three of the Stokes polarization parameters are measured), each of which is provided in either single beam or dual beam forms

Will Jets Identify the Progenitors of Type Ia Supernovae?

We use the fact that a Type Ia supernova has been serendipitously discovered near the jet of the active galaxy 3C 78 to examine the question of whether jets can enhance accretion onto white dwarfs. One interesting outcome of such a jet-induced accretion process is an enhanced rate of novae in the vicinity of jets. We present results of observations of the jet in M87 which appear to have indeed discovered 11 novae in close proximity to the jet. We show that a confirmation of the relation between jets and novae and Type Ia supernovae can finally identify the elusive progenitors of Type Ia supernovae.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

Low radiative efficiency accretion at work in active galactic nuclei: the nuclear spectral energy distribution of NGC4565

We derive the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the nucleus of the Seyfert galaxy NGC4565. Despite its classification as a Seyfert2, the nuclear source is substantially unabsorbed. The absorption we find from Chandra data (N_H=2.5 X 10^21 cm^-2) is consistent with that produced by material in the galactic disk of the host galaxy. HST images show a nuclear unresolved source in all of the available observations, from the near-IR H band to the optical U band. The SED is completely different from that of Seyfert galaxies and QSO, as it appears basically ``flat'' in the IR-optical region, with a small drop-off in the U-band. The location of the object in diagnostic planes for low luminosity AGNs excludes a jet origin for the optical nucleus, and its extremely low Eddington ratio L_o/L_Edd indicates that the radiation we observe is most likely produced in a radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF). This would make NGC4565 the first AGN in which an ADAF-like process is identified in the optical. We find that the relatively high [OIII] flux observed from the ground cannot be all produced in the nucleus. Therefore, an extended NLR must exist in this object. This may be interpreted in the framework of two different scenarios: i) the radiation from ADAFs is sufficient to give rise to high ionization emission-line regions through photoionization, or ii) the nuclear source has recently ``turned-off'', switching from a high-efficiency accretion regime to the present low-efficiency state.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journa