Systematic Review of Medicine-Related Problems in Adult Patients with Atrial Fibrillation on Direct Oral Anticoagulants

New oral anticoagulant agents continue to emerge on the market and their safety requires assessment to provide evidence of their suitability for clinical use. There-fore, we searched standard databases to summarize the English language literature on medicine-related problems (MRPs) of direct oral anticoagulants DOACs (dabigtran, rivaroxban, apixban, and edoxban) in the treatment of adults with atri-al fibrillation. Electronic databases including Medline, Embase, International Pharmaceutical Abstract (IPA), Scopus, CINAHL, the Web of Science and Cochrane were searched from 2008 through 2016 for original articles. Studies pub-lished in English reporting MRPs of DOACs in adult patients with AF were in-cluded. Seventeen studies were identified using standardized protocols, and two reviewers serially abstracted data from each article. Most articles were inconclusive on major safety end points including major bleeding. Data on major safety end points were combined with efficacy. Most studies inconsistently reported adverse drug reactions and not adverse events or medication error, and no definitions were consistent across studies. Some harmful drug effects were not assessed in studies and may have been overlooked. Little evidence is provided on MRPs of DOACs in patients with AF and, therefore, further studies are needed to establish the safety of DOACs in real-life clinical practice

X-ray fluorescence/Auger-electron coincidence spectroscopy of vacancy cascades in atomic argon

Argon L{sub 2.3}-M{sub 2.3}M{sub 2.3} Auger-electron spectra were measured in coincidence with K{alpha} fluorescent x-rays in studies of Ar K-shell vacancy decays at several photon energies above the K-threshold and on the 1s-4p resonance in atomic argon. The complex spectra recorded by conventional electron spectroscopy are greatly simplified when recorded in coincidence with fluorescent x-rays, allowing a more detailed analysis of the vacancy cascade process. The resulting coincidence spectra are compared with Hartree-Fock calculations which include shake-up transitions in the resonant case. Small energy shifts of the coincidence electron spectra are attributed to post-collision interaction with 1s photoelectrons

Calibration of a monochromator/spectrometer system for the measurement of photoelectron angular distributions and branching ratios

We describe the techniques used in calibrating a monochromator/spectrometer system for gas-phase photoelectron angular distribution and branching ratio measurements. We report a self-consistent set of values for the Ne 2p, Ar 3p, Kr 4p/sub 3/2/ and 4p/sub 1/2/, and Xe 5p/sub 3/2/ and 5p/sub 1/2/ photoelectron asymmetry parameters and for the Kr 4p/sub 3/2/:4p/sub 1/2/ and Xe 5p/sub 3/2/:5p/sub 1/2/ branching ratios for the energy regions from threshold to approximately 15 iV. 22 refs., 7 figs

A STUDY OF VIBRONIC COUPLING IN THE [MATH] STATE OF CO+2

Les effets du couplage vibronique dans l'état [MATH](2∑g+) du CO2+ ont été étudiés pour des photons d'énergies comprises entre 20 et 28,5 eV. Deux analyseurs d'électrons hémisphériques suivis de détecteurs sensibles à la position combinés au rayonnement synchrotron de SURF-II ont permis un analyse vibrationnellement résolve de l'état [MATH](2∑g+). La distribution angulaire caractérisée par le paramètre β de l'état vibrationnel interdit [MATH](1,0,1) se révèle très différent de celle de l'état permis [MATH](0,0,0). Les similarités entre la distribution angulaire (β vs. hν) de l'état interdit [MATH](1,0,1) et celle de l'état [MATH](2∑u+) supportent l'hypothèse de couplage vibronique entre ces deux états comme origine pour la bande interdit.We have studied vibronic coupling in vibrationally resolved photoionization to the [MATH] (2∑g+) state of CO2+ in the photon-energy range hν=20-28.5 eV. The measurements utilize high-resolution hemispherical electron analyzers, equipped with area detectors, and the SURF-II synchrotron radiation source at the National Bureau of Standards. The angular distribution asymmetry-parameters (β) for the allowed [MATH](0,0,0) and forbidden [MATH](1,0,1) (19.747 eV binding energy) peaks are found to be quite different. However, similarities between the [MATH](1,0,1) β curve and that for the [MATH] state suggest that vibronic coupling to the [MATH] (2∑u+) state of CO2+ is the explanation for the intensity of the [MATH] state forbidden band in the first 8 eV above threshold

Gas-phase photoemission with soft x-rays: cross sections and angular distributions

A summary is presented of typical gas-phase photoemission studies based on synchrotron radiation in the 50-5000 eV range, using beam lines at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory. Three topics are addressed: atomic inner-shell photoelectron cross sections and asymmetries, correlation peaks in rare gases, and core-level shape resonances in molecules