2,396 research outputs found
Selection of Digital Filter for Microprocessor Protection Relays
The article considers some issues related to replacement of electromechanical relays used for protection of power facilities with microprocessor relays. One of the urgent problems connected with implementation of microprocessor overcurrent protections is how to use current transducers other than usual current transformers and in particular Rogowski coils that become more and more widespread. In the article are compared twelve methods of synthesis of a digital filter basing on the analog prototype – second-order integrating filter. The bilinear filter and Boxer-Thaler filters are analyzed in respect to their use in microprocessor relays. Basing on the research results a technique for selection of parameters of digital integrating filters for microprocessor relays is proposed. Simulation results show that Boxer-Thaler and bilinear filters have better accuracy during transient current measurements than the analog filter. The study allows concluding that in many cases the digital second-order bilinear filter is the best choice for use in microprocessor relays
Assessment of mesoscale eddy parameterizations for coarse resolution ocean models
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 1999Climate simulation with numerical oceanic models requires a proper parameterization
scheme in order to represent the effects of unresolved mesoscale eddies. Even though
a munber of schemes have been proposed and some have led to improvements in the
simulation of the bulk climatological properties, the success of the parameterizations
in representing the mesoscale eddies has not been investigated in detail. This thesis
examines the role of eddies in a 105-years long basin scale eddy resolving simulation
with the MIT General Circulation Model (GCM) forced by idealized wind stress and
relaxation to prescribed meridional temperature; this thesis also evaluates the Fickian
diffusive, the diabatic Green-Stone (GS) and the quasi-adiabatic Gent-McWilliams (GM)
parameterizations in a diagnostic study and a series of coarse resolution experiments with
the same model in the same configuration.
The mesoscale eddies in the reference experiment provide a significant contribution
to the thermal balance in limited areas of the domain associated with the upper 1000M
of the boundary regions. Specifically designed diagnostic tests of the schemes show that
the horizontal and vertical components of the parameterized flux are not simultaneously
downgradient to the eddy heat flux. The transfer vectors are more closely aligned with the
isopycnal surfaces for deeper layers, thus demonstrating the adiabatic nature of the eddy
heat flux for deeper layers. The magnitude of the coefficients is estimated to be consistent
with traditionally used values. However, the transfer of heat associated with timedependent
motions is identified as a complicated process that cannot be fully explained
with any of the local parameterization schemes considered.
The eddy parameterization schemes are implemented in the coarse resolution configuration
with the same model. A series of experiments exploring the schemes' parameter
space demonstrate that Fickian diffusion has the least skill in the climatological simulations
because it overestimates the temperature of the deep ocean and underestimates
the total heat transport. The GS and GM schemes perform better in the simulation of the bulk climatological properties of the reference solution, although the GM scheme in
particular produces an ocean that is consistently colder than the reference state. Comparison
of the eddy heat flux divergence with the parameterized divergences for typical
parameter values demonstrates that the success of the schemes in the climatological simulation
is not related to the representation of the eddy heat flux but to the representation
of the overall internal mixing processes.The financial support for this research was provided by ONR grant number NOOOl4-
98-1-0881, Alliance for Global Sustainability and American Automobile Manufactures
Association
A Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Ideal Two-Fluid Plasma Equations
A discontinuous Galerkin method for the ideal 5 moment two-fluid plasma
system is presented. The method uses a second or third order discontinuous
Galerkin spatial discretization and a third order TVD Runge-Kutta time stepping
scheme. The method is benchmarked against an analytic solution of a dispersive
electron acoustic square pulse as well as the two-fluid electromagnetic shock
and existing numerical solutions to the GEM challenge magnetic reconnection
problem. The algorithm can be generalized to arbitrary geometries and three
dimensions. An approach to maintaining small gauge errors based on error
propagation is suggested.Comment: 40 pages, 18 figures
Complexation of lithium and sodium cations with B-phosphorylate ethers, modelling terminal groups of organophosphorus podands. An experimental and theoretical study
The organophosphorus compounds o-Ph2P(O)C6H4OCH3 and Ph2P(O)C2H4OCH3, which are analogs of podands' terminal groups, have been synthesized. The thermodynamic characteristics of their complexation with LiNCS and NaNCS in acetonitrile were obtained by calorimetry. Molecular mechanics calculations on M+ L complexes with different stoichiometries M+:L = 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 (M+ = Li+, Na+) were performed, as well as on their solvates with a limited number of MeCN molecules. It has been shown that the experimental data could be explained by taking into account both the specific features of the complex structure and the solvent effects. The possibility of the application of additive schemes in the investigation of the complexation of polydentate molecules is discussed
Self-improving Multiplane-to-layer Images for Novel View Synthesis
We present a new method for lightweight novel-view synthesis that generalizes
to an arbitrary forward-facing scene. Recent approaches are computationally
expensive, require per-scene optimization, or produce a memory-expensive
representation. We start by representing the scene with a set of
fronto-parallel semitransparent planes and afterward convert them to deformable
layers in an end-to-end manner. Additionally, we employ a feed-forward
refinement procedure that corrects the estimated representation by aggregating
information from input views. Our method does not require fine-tuning when a
new scene is processed and can handle an arbitrary number of views without
restrictions. Experimental results show that our approach surpasses recent
models in terms of common metrics and human evaluation, with the noticeable
advantage in inference speed and compactness of the inferred layered geometry,
see https://samsunglabs.github.io/MLIComment: Accepted for WACV 202
Economic growth and quality of institutions in 27 postsocialist economies
Purpose – The relationship between institutional quality and economic growth is revisited. Design/methodology/approach – A panel cointegration methodology and causality analysis are applied to 27 postsocialist economies over the period from 1996 to 2016.
Findings – Utilizing the Worldwide Governance Indicators as a means of assessing the quality of institutions, it is found that in the long run, economic growth is positively associated with the rule of law and voice and accountability. In the short run, regulatory quality retains a positive effect, but voice and accountability demonstrate a puzzling negative effect on economic growth that merits further analysis. In exploring the causal dimension of our variables, supporting evidence of the strong links between the quality of institutions and economic growth is provided, hence rendering robust results.
Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first time that an ARDL methodological framework, which addresses potential endogeneity issues, is used to investigate the relationship between institutional quality and growth in the context of postsocialist economies
Toroidal equilibria in spherical coordinates
The standard Grad-Shafranov equation for axisymmetric toroidal plasma
equilibrium is customary expressed in cylindrical coordinates with toroidal
contours, and through which benchmark equilibria are solved. An alternative
approach to cast the Grad-Shafranov equation in spherical coordinates is
presented. This equation, in spherical coordinates, is examined for toroidal
solutions to describe low Solovev and high plasma equilibria in
terms of elementary functions
- …