Intellectual capital and innovation on organizational performance

Intellectual capital is recognized as a key asset for organizational performance. It is also the key driver of competitive advantage in today’s knowledge based economy. However, intellectual capital can only create value to organizations when knowledge embedded in it is exploited. Many researchers have stated that management of intellectual capital is about managing and leveraging knowledge embedded in the assets. Proper management of intellectual capital is critical in enhancing organizational performance because it creates value. Today, innovation is considered as a necessity for every organization due to the terminating competition in market, globalization and rapid development. Many researchers stated that intellectual capital and innovation is a vital asset that helps organizations to create value in present economic syndrome and enables the organizations to be innovative. The purpose of this paper is to research the impact between intellectual capital and innovation on organizational performance. The main contribution of this study is to investigate the impact of intellectual capital and innovation on organizational performance of universities in Malaysia

A review of non-financial perspectives of balanced scorecard and financial performance

Despite the celebrated performance benefits attributable to BSC in many firms, there exists the dearth of adequate research direction on the effectiveness and improvement of organizational financial performance towards achieving better results, especially with respect to the multiple perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). The BSC model has four perspectives: Learning and Growth, Internal Process Perspective, Customer and Financial. This paper therefore reviews the influence of Non-financial BSC perspectives on Financial Performance. Based on existing literature, Non-financial factors have some influence on the BSC on the Financial Performance. This study provides a theoretical basis for future researchers to conduct imperial studies examining the relative importance of Non-financial Performance, and how it supports the Financial Performance and improves their investments

A review of the relationship between CSR and the internal business process

Most of the previous investigations on organisational performance were directed towards the financial status at the expense of other social requirements, particularly with respect to firms’ operating environments. In addition, such studies were geared towards better understanding of the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Organizational Performance without adequate consideration for those non-financial factors, such as the Internal Business Perspective (IBP) that also affect the success of organizational strategic goals. The incorporation of CSR into organizational processes in driving home their strategic management success has been proven to be linked. In this paper, we review the inter relationship between CSR and IBP, and identify major themes from the literature. This study therefore justifies the need for an empirical study to further examine the interrelationships among these variables so as to provide better understanding of the influence of the CSR on the IBP

The role of chief risk officer in adoption and implementation of enterprise risk management-A literature review

Recently many companies view risk management from a holistic approach instead of a silo- based perspective. This holistic approach is called Enterprise Risk Management (ERM). Indeed, ERM is designed to assess the ability of board of directors and senior management in managing total portfolio of risk faced by an enterprise. Based on relevant literature Chief Risk Officer (CRO) is one important factor which may influence companies in deciding whether to adopt an ERM. The role of the CROs is to work with other managers to set up an effective and efficient risk management system and disseminate risk information to the entire enterprise. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the influence of CRO on adoption and implementation of ERM. It was found that presence and quality of CRO are important determinants of ERM adoption and implementation. This research clarifies that there is a lack of research in respect of the effect of CRO in implementation of ERM in developing countries. This study is useful for companies which wants to adopt ERM or wants to improve the stage and level of ERM implementation in their companies

The influence of (beta) technology intensity and evaluating TCC using aHP model in Iran Tractor Manufacturing Company (ITMCO)

Due to the strategists in business World, the most important strategic consideration in international economic and industrial competition is in managing innovation and technology context. Increasing the competitive advantage of each economic institution needs the increase of technologic content improvement applied in production process of that institution. The present paper aims to study and evaluate the technology intensity and TCC in Iran Tractor Manufacturing Company (ITMCO). According to the results of research work, the authors have offered proposals to improve the technology by introducing the turning points and defects existed in technology parts in the company

The effect of CSR on learning and growth perspective in Private Universities

The assessment of the strategic goals of organisations calls for an holistic understanding of the entire workforce; moreso that the human capacity development is also crucial. Moreover, the influence and inter-relationships of the financial performance of organisations have been well documented by researchers, particularly with respect to the non-financial performances, such as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Internal Business Perspective (IBP), Learning and Growth Perspective (LGP). However, the influence of these components of non-financial considerations are yet to be given adequate research attentions. Furthermore, organizations’ social influence, responsibilities, and their perceptions in the operating environments on one hand have not been given the required considerations. On the other hand, the organisations’ human capacity developments have not been fully documented. This paper therefore investigates the effects of CSR of organisations, such as the Yemen’s Private Universities (PUs) and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) on the LGP. To achieve these, a structured questionnaire was administered for PUs faculties using the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results obtained showed that the CSR has a positive influence on the LGP. This implied that the CSR influences the innovative drives for the workforce of the PUs management teams, which could culminate into better financial status of the PUs and HEIs

A review of balanced scorecard framework in higher education institution

Many studies have been conducted to investigate the effectives of the BSC in organisations. It is observed that many organisations adopt different perspectives suitable for their functions in line with their vison, mission and strategic themes. Some reseachers have highlighted its relevance to Higher Education institutions. However, previous studies have not defined wich perspectives are most relevant for public HEIs, which are not for profit by nature. Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) are involved in routine processes of providing tertiary education in colleges, universities, and institutes including both undergraduate and postgraduate programmes, vocational and education training. One of the aims of HEIs is to achieve results in terms of products and services for the customers and other stake holders. In this paper, we review recent studies in top journals using the Balanced Scorecard Framework in HEIs. The paper identifies the relenvant perspectives for HEIs and presents its contextual analysis. When implemented, this can be used to monitor their performance and enable them to adjust to emerging challenges that come as a result of implementing key strategies

Effect of information technology dimensions on enterprise risk management

Financial institutions are exposed to many risks from different directions. Too many areas need to be protected which is not possible unless a holistic and comprehensive risk management process is in order. Enterprise risk management (ERM) proponents argue that ERM is that process which is a good instrument to overcome today’s challenges. Moreover, researchers claimed that an effective risk management is impossible without effective technology. Therefore the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of different dimensions of technology on ERM among Iranian financial institutions. This study used survey questionnaire to evaluate ERM and the level of companies’ technology including IT strategy and IT structure in organizations. This study found that there is positive and significant relationship between all dimensions of technology and ERM

An Integrative Proposed Model of Corporate Governance: The Corporate Governance Mechanisms Mediates the Relationship between Board Intellectual Capital and Corporate Performance

Corporate Governance (CG) foster dynamic economic growth, increase financing, reduces costs of capital, manage stakeholder interest which ultimately increase corporate performance (CP). Researchers have argued that employees must be inspired by CG practices to manage the conflicts of interest.  There is a growing need for integrative model for CG, however the gaps are still exist in the literature on corporate governance mechanism (CGM) and their mediating role to influence the interlinkages between board intellectual capital (BIC) and CP. This study propose an integrative model CG by reviewing the literature CGM, prior models and relevant constructs of BIC, structures, process, and performance. This paper synthesizes the thinking arising from the review of previous literature and models of CG, and proposes an integrative research model. From the perspectives CG, this study argues that the new model should explore the relationship among BIC, CGM and CP. Keywords: Intellectual Capital, Corporate Governance, Performance JEL Classifications: G34; O16; O3