Design and Simulation of a Novel Clustering based Fuzzy Controller for DC Motor Speed Control

This research article proposes the speed control of a DC Motor (series as well as shunt motor). The noveltyof this article lies in the application of kernel based hybrid c-means clustering (KPFCM) in the design offuzzy controller for the speed control of DC Motor. The proposed approach provides a mechanism to obtainthe reduced rule set covering the whole input/output space as well as the parameters of membershipfunctions for each input variable. The performance of the proposed clustering based fuzzy logic controlleris compared with that of its corresponding conventional fuzzy logic controller in terms of severalperformance measures such as rise time, peak overshoot, settling time, integral absolute error (IAE) andintegral of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE) and in each case, the proposed scheme shows improvedperformance over its conventional counterpart. Also it shows that the proposed controller scheme givesmuch faster results as it reduces the computational time.Keywords: DC Motor, Fuzzy control, Kernel, Clustering, Validity inde

THE IMPACT OF VARIOUS INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS AS A WOUNDS HEALER

Many requirements of human beings are fulfilled by the plants. They also prevent and cure various diseases of human beings including wounds and ulcers. Plants and their extracts have immense potential for the management and treatment of wounds. The management of wound has been a major problem since the early stages of medical science. In spite of brilliant progress of in surgery, wound management still remains a subject of speculation. The early manifestation of unsatisfactory wound healing gives rise to serious complications which can lead to prolonged healing and even death in surgical practice. These natural medicines for wound healing are cheap, affordable and purportedly safe as hyper sensitive reactions are rarely encountered with the use of these agents. These natural agents induce healing and regeneration of the lost tissue by multiple mechanisms. However, there is a need for scientific validation, standardization and safety evaluation of plants of the traditional medicine recommended for healing of the wounds

ELECTROLUMINESCENCE STUDY OF ZnS: Sm, Li PHOSPHOR USING SOLID STATE REACTION METHOD

In the present work we have attempted to study the electroluminescent (EL) properties of ZnS: Sm, Li luminophor.The phosphor is synthesized using solid state reaction method. A comparative study has been made for electroluminescent emission characteristics of five samples viz ZnS:Cu,Li, ZnS:Sm, ZnS:Sm,Cl; ZnS:Sm,Li; ZnS:Cu,Sm,Li. It is observed that the intensity of brightness varies with the applied voltage and excitation frequency according to the universal laws and color of emission is found to be greenish. Li is found to enhance the EL intensity of ZnS: Sm phosphor. Structural studies using XRD have also been performed. The average grain size of ZnS: Sm, Li is estimated to be 38.9µ

The 2022 SIM IT Issues and Trends Study

The Society for Information Management’s 42nd Annual IT Issues and Trends Study received responses from 796 IT executives, including 334 CIOs and 540 unique organizations. The average revenue of participating organizations was $6.1 billion (median$400 million). IT spending as a percentage of revenue was 5.9%, up slightly from 2021 but close to the 10-year average of 5.7%. However, 74.6% of organizations reported increasing IT headcount, a 10-year high and up from 63.6% in 2021. Similarly, 94.8% reported increases in average IT salaries. The top five IT management issues for organizations in 2022 were Cybersecurity, Alignment, Analytics, Compliance and Digital Transformation; the top five largest IT investments were Analytics, Cybersecurity, Cloud, Application Development and ERP; while the five most difficult to find soft skills were Critical Thinking, Teamwork, Business Acumen, Leadership and Problem Solving. The most common criteria for assessing CIO performance were Value of IT to the Business, Internal Customer Satisfaction, Cybersecurity, Strategic Contribution of IT and IT Availability. The average tenure of CIOs was 5.9 years (median 4 years) with 48% reporting to the CEO. CIOs continue to come from outside organizations at record levels (82%), and 24.6 came from prior non-IT positions

Unusual Finding in a Patient of COVID-19 Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Case Report

Invasive Fungal Infections have posed a difficult challenge in the recovery of people infected with COVID-19. COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) has been described and found in about 30 % of ICU patients worldwide. Here we present an unusual microscopic finding in a case of CAPA in an ICU patient which was helpful in initiating early definite therapy. A 56-year-old gentleman presented with complaints of fever and shortness of breath and subsequently tested positive for COVID. Post admission, his respiratory distress worsened and his condition deteriorated. A provisional diagnosis of COVID pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was established based on chest radiographic finding of left lower lobe consolidation, increased pulmonary infiltrates in bilateral lung fields with evidence of pleural effusion. Pleural Aspirate obtained via ultrasound guided thoracocentesis revealed branched hyaline septate hyphae along with structures which were composed of elongated vesicle with one layer of phialides covering two-thirds of the vesicle and bearing globose conidia on KOH direct mount. Aspergillus flavus grew on culture, which was later confirmed by MALDI TOF VITEK MS. Patient was diagnosed with Proven Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis with COVID-19 and voriconazole was started. Patient successfully recovered and was discharged. Identifying the Aspergillus species directly on the basis of KOH Mount, helped in decreasing the turnaround time, in early initiation of definite therapy and possibly contributed to the favorable outcome. CAPA is a potentially life-threatening complication in patients with severe COVID-19, thus a timely diagnosis and treatment becomes crucial in the management. Keywords: CAPA, COVID-19, Aspergillu

Evolution of Glacial and High-Altitude Lakes in the Sikkim, Eastern Himalaya Over the Past Four Decades (1975–2017)

Global climate change is significantly triggering the dynamic evolution of high-mountain lakes which may pose a serious threat to downstream areas, warranting their systematic and regular monitoring. This study presents the first temporal inventory of glacial and high-altitude lakes in the Sikkim, Eastern Himalaya for four points in time i.e., 1975, 1991, 2000, and 2017 using Hexagon, TM, ETM+, and OLI images, respectively. First, a baseline data was generated for the year 2000 and then the multi-temporal lake changes were assessed. The annual mapping of SGLs was also performed for four consecutive years (2014–2017) to analyze their nature and occurrence pattern. The results show an existence of 463 glacial and high-altitude lakes (> 0.003 km2) in 2000 which were grouped into four classes: supraglacial (SGL; 50) pro/peri glacial lake in contact with glacier (PGLC; 35), pro/peri glacial lake away from glacier (PGLA; 112) and other lakes (OL; 266). The mean size of lakes is 0.06 km2 and about 87% lakes have area < 0.1 km2. The number of lakes increased (by 9%) from 425 in 1975 to 466 in 2017, accompanied by a rapid areal expansion from 25.17 ± 1.90 to 31.24 ± 2.36 km2 (24%). The maximum expansion in number (106%) and area (138%) was observed in SGLs, followed by PGLCs (number: 34%; area: 90%). Contrarily no significant change was found in other lakes. The annual SGL mapping reveals that their number (area) increased from 81 (543,153 m2) to 96 (840,973 m2) between 2014 and 2017. Occurrence pattern of SGLs shows that maximum number of lakes (> 80%) are persistent in nature, followed by drain-out (15–20%) and recurring type lakes (7–8%). The new-formed lakes (9–17%) were consistently noticed in all the years (2014–2017). The results of this study underline that regional climate is accelerating the cryosphere thawing and if the current trend continues, further glacier melting will likely occur. Therefore, formation of new lakes and expansion of existing lakes is expected in the study area leading to increase in potential of glacial lake outburst floods. Thereby, persistent attention should be paid to the influences of climatic change in the region