Use and selection of sleeping sites by proboscis monkeys, Nasalislarvatus, along the Kinabatangan River, Sabah, Malaysia

The choice of a sleeping site is crucial for primates and may influence their survival. In this study, we investigated several tree characteristics influencing the sleeping site selection by proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) along Kinabatangan River, in Sabah, Malaysia. We identified 81 sleeping trees used by one-male and all-male social groups from November 2011 to January 2012. We recorded 15 variables for each tree. Within sleeping sites, sleeping trees were taller, had a larger trunk, with larger and higher first branches than surrounding trees. The crown contained more mature leaves, ripe and unripe fruits but had vines less often than surrounding trees. In addition, in this study, we also focused on a larger scale, considering sleeping and non-sleeping sites. Multivariate analyses highlighted a combination of 6 variables that revealed the significance of sleeping trees as well as surrounding trees in the selection process. During our boat surveys, we observed that adult females and young individuals stayed higher in the canopy than adult males. This pattern may be driven by their increased vulnerability to predation. Finally, we suggest that the selection of particular sleeping tree features (i.e. tall, high first branch) by proboscis monkeys is mostly influenced by antipredation strategies

Fuentes genéticas y ambientales en la transmisión familiar del índice de Quetelet

ABSTRACT: A cross-sectional sample of 1024 individuals (115 fathers, 257 mothers, 309 sons and 343 daughters) of 442 nuclear families living in the province of Biscay (Basque Country) was studied. The aim was the estimation of the transmissible (genetic and cultural) and non-transmissible components that are acting on the familial resemblance for the Quetelet’s index, through a BETA model of path analysis. In addition, several models of familial transmissible were tested, in order to find out what was that best fitting the transmission from parents to their children, and to estimate the relative importance of the genetic, cultural transmitted and environmental non-transmitted factors have on the inheritance of this variable. The results have showed that the full model, which estimated 10 parameters, was the lest restrictive model that best fitted the Quetelet’s index transmission. Also, evidences of a possible maternal influence on this index, as well as estimations of the total transmissible component lower than those in the literature were found. However, we could not forget that these estimations are specific for each population.RESUMEN: Se estudió una muestra transversal de 1024 individuos (115 padres, 257 madres, 309 hijos y 343 hijas) pertenecientes a 442 familias nucleares residentes en la provincia de Bizkaia (País Vasco). El objetivo fue estimar los componentes transmisibles (genéticos y culturales) y no transmisibles que están actuando sobre la semejanza familiar del índice de Quetelet, por medio de un análisis path tipo BETA. Se probaron diversos modelos de transmisión familiar para averiguar cuál ajustaba mejor la transmisión de padres a hijos, a fin de estimar la importancia relativa que los factores genéticos, los culturales transmitidos y los ambientales no transmisibles, tienen sobre la herencia de esta variable. Los resultados han mostrado que el modelo general, estimador de 10 parámetros, es el que mejor ajusta la transmisión del índice de Quetelet. Se han encontrado, asimismo, evidencias de una posible influencia materna sobre este índice, así como estimas del componente transmisible total más bajas que las publicadas en la literatura, si bien hay que tener presente que estas estimas son específicas para cada población.RESUMEN: Se estudió una muestra transversal de 1024 individuos (115 padres, 257 madres, 309 hijos y 343 hijas) pertenecientes a 442 familias nucleares residentes en la provincia de Bizkaia (País Vasco). El objetivo fue estimar los componentes transmisibles (genéticos y culturales) y no transmisibles que están actuando sobre la semejanza familiar del índice de Quetelet, por medio de un análisis path tipo BETA. Se probaron diversos modelos de transmisión familiar para averiguar cuál ajustaba mejor la transmisión de padres a hijos, a fin de estimar la importancia relativa que los factores genéticos, los culturales transmitidos y los ambientales no transmisibles, tienen sobre la herencia de esta variable. Los resultados han mostrado que el modelo general, estimador de 10 parámetros, es el que mejor ajusta la transmisión del índice de Quetelet. Se han encontrado, asimismo, evidencias de una posible influencia materna sobre este índice, así como estimas del componente transmisible total más bajas que las publicadas en la literatura, si bien hay que tener presente que estas estimas son específicas para cada población

Factors associated with self-perceived burden to the primary caregiver in older patients with hematologic malignancies: an exploratory study

Objective: Although cancer patients frequently experience self-perceived burden to others, this perception has not been enough studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of selfperceived burden to the primary caregiver (SPB-PC) and associated factors in an older patient population with hematologic malignancies at the time of chemotherapy initiation. Methods: In total, 166 consecutive patients with hematologic malignancies aged ≥65 years were recruited at the time of chemotherapy initiation. Patients’ SPB-PC was assessed using a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS). Characteristics potentially associated with SPB-PC, including sociodemographic and medical characteristics, physical functioning status (Karnofsky performance score, activities of daily living (ADL)/instrumental ADL), symptoms (fatigue, pain, nausea, quality of life), psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)), perceived cognitive function (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Cognitive (FACT-Cog) Scale), and patients’/primary caregivers’ personal relationship characteristics (family tie, support), were assessed. Results: Thirty-five percent of patients reported moderate to severe SPB-PC (VAS ≥ 50 mm). Patients’ SPB-PC was associated with lower Karnofsky performance (β = 0.135, p = 0.058) and ADL (β = 0.148, p = 0.037) scores, and higher HADS (β = 0.283, p<0.001) and FACT-Cog perceived cognitive impairments subscale (β = 0.211, p = 0.004) scores. The proportion of explained variance was 23.5%. Conclusions: Health care professionals should be aware that about one third of older cancer patients experience moderate to severe SPB-PC at the time of chemotherapy initiation. They should adapt their support of patients who report such a feeling

Analyses pédologiques - Bruxelles: traitements statistiques

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A seriation through correspondence analysis for mesolithic assemblages

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T.P. Hutchinson, Version 2 (History and Archaeology) of Essentials of Statistical Methods

Slachmuylder Jean Louis. T.P. Hutchinson, Version 2 (History and Archaeology) of Essentials of Statistical Methods. In: L'antiquité classique, Tome 64, 1995. pp. 505-506

Jens Andresen, Torsten Madsen et Irwin Scollar (Ed.), Computing the Past : Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology. CAA92.

Slachmuylder Jean Louis. Jens Andresen, Torsten Madsen et Irwin Scollar (Ed.), Computing the Past : Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology. CAA92. . In: L'antiquité classique, Tome 65, 1996. pp. 530-532

Traitement statistique des données phytolitariennes de huit unités stratigraphiques: Site de l’Hôtel Hoogstraeten (BR 061)

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Etude préliminaire à l'informatisation de la Bibliothèque

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A seriation through correspondence analysis with construction of a continuous gradient

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