Buyers Perception on Online Shopping in Kurdistan Region

This study has been conducted in order to identify customer buying behavior in Kurdistan region towards online shopping. In order to do this the main question of this thesis was, what is consumer buying behavior toward online shopping in Iraqi Kurdistan Region? This will all be studied carefully and a survey questionnaire will be used in quantitative and also descriptive manner in order to analyze customer’s feelings and thought which effect their behavior towards online shopping and finally the results will be analyzed by SPSS program which makes all data clear and understanding. Many literature reviews will be studied whether they are from the same region or from different countries, to further understand the case and to be able to answer the questions and reach the aims and objectives of the thesis. After going through all these steps, I was able to analyze all the data including primary and secondary data and was able to state my conclusion including recommendations which will help improve the process within the region and also will result in satisfied customers and better businesses. Keywords: Buyer, perception, shopping, consumer, online DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/11-15-03 Publication date:May 31st 201

A Literature Study on Access of Petty Cash in Financial Crisis Private Sector

Study presented here is a qualitative research based on the exploration of conceptual base of the study concentrating on the importance of petty cash in the business when it comes to private sector companies. The specific study is done Kurdistan region where the ISIS crisis has affected the business. Public sector companies are well equipped to take care of their activities by the support of government but private parties are facing many challenges as the financial crisis has effected banks and financial institutions as well. Here for the support of literature a company has been taken for study as the sample for understanding of the reality as stated by the literature. This study has the good combination of theoretical base with the practical understanding of the application. The study concludes as the companies and organization should making the cash as more of the percentage of the financial transition because of  the access of petty cash has power and actions for companies finance situation and to better finance situation. The companies and private sector organization should make the cash flow statement with correct amount implementation to be positive points for fixing the financial crisis. The companies and private sector organization should making the sales by cash amount opposite that the loan (accounts payable) way. Keywords: Petty cash, crisis, finance, private company, investment DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/10-10-02 Publication date:May 31st 201

Role of Farmers in Vertical Coordinated Vegetable Supply Chains in Odisha

Farmers are always struggling with many challenges in the absence of well-developed support systems. The opinion of farmer and intermediaries are very important to reach the conclusion, so an assessment has been performed measuring the similarities and differences in opinion based on defined factors considered as the key success factors and constraints to participate in the vertically coordinated vegetable supply chain. Horticulture is one of the most growing sectors with ample opportunities throughout the state helping in development of economic situations of farmer’s by getting the cash on produce sales. The producer’s participation in vegetable supply chain has been analyzed on the basis of data collected as the sample considering the well representative of the whole population. The samples collected from three districts of Odisha namely Bhubaneswar/ Khorda, Puri and Balasore with the frequency of 250, 279 and 228 respectively, which is 33.0%, 36.9 % and 30.1% respectively. This paper importantly mentioning the overview of the Odisha and the supply chain for vegetables, characteristics of producers and intermediaries participating in VCVSC (producer’s characteristics and intermediary’s characteristics) and the market participation of farmers and intermediaries in the VCVSC. Keywords: VCVSC, vegetable, vertical coordinated, supply chain, Odisha DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/87-06 Publication date:May 31st 201

Application of Customer Relationship Management Practices in the Industrial Process

The focus of research is to discuss customer relationship management practice and their effect on customer satisfaction. Today, business organizations are living in a highly competitive world, and for any bank to know its customers because they are the cornerstones on which business is based. Study observed the research problem as competition among bank has changed the way of conducting with consumers. Customers nowadays became more sophisticated and started seeking best providers. Furthermore, banks face huge request in satisfying large amount of customers as the number of orders and customers increase day after day. Research objectives formulated are: to know the importance of CRM in industrial practice, to measure the level of customer satisfaction, to assess the relationship in between CRM and customer satisfaction. Methodology says that The Population which is collects from Kurdistan International Bank in Erbil, at Kurdistan region from Iraq.  The research data is collected by developing questionnaire, the research is of quantitative method which tends to address the numerical data and statistics rather than the quality of data. The use of management expertise to provide advice on conducting marketing research on the surrounding environment and how to exploit opportunities and meet the challenges that the responses showed a lack of such research. Review the customer relationship management program periodically during the year to determine its performance. Keywords: Customer relationship management, CRM, management, satisfaction, DOI: 10.7176/JMCR/56-02 Publication date:May 31st 201

Marketing Agricultural Produces: A Literature Study of India

Marketing infrastructure includes all those facilities and amenities needed for the smooth conduct of marketing in the economy. In this paper an attempt has been made to examine the status of different agricultural marketing infrastructures, their geographical spread in the different states of India and also the policy measures for strengthening of these infrastructural facilities.  The infrastructural facilities in development are as necessary as foundations of a building. The existence of adequate marketing infrastructure are important not only for the performance of various marketing functions and expansion of the size of the markets but also for the transfer of appropriate price signals leading to improved marketing efficiency. The availability of different infrastructures affects the choice of technology to be adopted, reduces the cost of transportation, produces powerful impetus to production and also affects income distribution in favor of small and marginal farmers by raising their access to the market. The agriculture sector needs heavy investment for creation of basic infrastructures necessary for the overall economic development. In a developing country like India, marketing infrastructures play a pivotal role in fostering and sustaining the tempo of rural and economic development. Marketing is as critical to better performance in agriculture as farming itself. Though the role of infrastructure is the key element of any development programme, yet their role in distribution and marketing is the supreme. Key Words: Appropriate; Distribution; Improved; Infrastructure; Supreme

Vegetable Supply Chain: A Conceptual Study

The primary focus of this paper is to assess the challenges and problems of supply chain of vegetables. The paper is the beginning of the doctoral study and concentrating on the conceptual mapping of idea. For this paper the extensive literature review is the base and the concept derived from the secondary sources only. The effort is expected to give a insight of the problems and would attempt to suggest remedial measures for cost optimization and efficiency in the supply chain of vegetables from farm to consumer. The basic problem lies with supply chain. Farmers are not getting requisite realization of price commensurate to their efforts due to lack of storage facilities, poor market information and unorganized faulty supply chain. A better solution can be the Public Private Partnership for the supply chain development. Keywords: Supply Chain, Vegetables, Farmers, Minimum Support Price, Storage, Public Private Partnership

Advertisement for Communication Effecting Consumer Behavior

This study is an attempt to measure the impact of differences in the degree or intensity levels of Advertising Creativity on Communication-Effect and consequent consumer Purchase Behaviour. Here in this study the core idea developed is to resolve a query regarding the active role of Creativity element in Advertising. In fact, this was to relate the influence of Advertising Creativity on Communication Effect and Purchase Behaviour of consumers. As an aid to the reader, the research problem and reviews have the used various methods used in the study. It is an accepted fact that all ads do not work and are not equally effective. But the reasons or factors responsible for success or failure of the ads are not clearly known to the interested groups. This opens up a series of questions to be answered academically. In the present study, some questions were raised relating to Advertising Creativity and its interplay on Advertising Effectiveness. Keywords: Advertising, effectiveness, communication, purchase behaviour, consumer

Public Awareness of Financial Market in Iraqi Kurdistan

The research is descriptive in nature and have taken three objectives to measure the awareness about stock exchange operations are to find the solution for the problem as to find the variables affect the investor’s opinion to invest in ESX, to measure the level of participation of investors in ESX operations and to know the government and company’s contribution in the awareness creation in society, to encourage investors for the ESX investment. Thirteen variables taken for study and a sample of 171respondents belonging to Kurdistan. To check the acceptability for the variables T-Test is performed and further to know the variance in opinion of respondents One Way ANOVA is performed. The analysis is based on the output of SPSS 20 and outputs are presented in tables as research findings. The analysis further explains that the stock exchange must have assurance, so people can put their money in the market with safety, or to invest in developing sophisticated stock investment system ensure more transparency and data clarity needs to increase the publicity and advertisement of listing companies. All together it is observed that there is a long way to go for stock market operations in Kurdistan region but need to get a powerful startup with a very dedicated, investment awareness campaign. The best model of development for Erbil Stock Exchange is based on the active participation of stock exchange, government and companies inviting investors and creating confidence for secured investment. Keywords: Investment, Stock, Erbil Stock Exchange, Awareness, Kurdistan, Public, Investor

Agricultural Sector Financing and Challenges for Bankers

The paper is a part of extensive research in the area of vegetable supply chain and aims at the constraints faced by bankers in credit of agricultural loans. The core objective behind this is to know the credit distribution among the different players of agricultural sector and to determine the effect of categories of loan applicants upon the factors responsible for the approval of agricultural loans. The study is descriptive in nature and is carried out with the logic of the support of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to agriculture driven Indian economy based on banker’s opinion. As per the study it is found that banks need to make the process easier for farmers as well need to develop a communication link to always make them update with the information about the developments taking place with support of banks. Keywords: Bank, Agriculture, Loan, Credit, Bankers, Demand. JEL classification: B21, C25, C35, C42, G21, G23, Q14