Construindo o ser professor: a experiência como constituinte de trajetórias histórico-profissionais (dos anos 60 aos anos 90)

This study aims a reflection on the knowledge of life experiences as constituents of the teachers’ historic-professional and extra-professional path, whom act in the 60’s, in some levels, since the Elementary School and, along the 80’s, started to work at the Federal University of Uberlândia, where they have being acting in many education courses till retire in the first half of the 90’s. Understanding the teacher’s formation doesn’t deplete in the organized knowledge, we search through this study to recover this docents’ rule, stressing the importance to think about this formation not only from the professional and organizational development, but mainly on the knowledge’s formation and construction. First, was made a revision of the main studies about experience, docent knowledge and memory, balancing by its conceptual and methodological support, produced from distinct theoretician-pedagogical approaches on the being teacher. From the oral narratives, written an in a context, of a five teachers group, a reflection was produced about how did they constitute themselves as teachers. Was proved that the institutionalized teacher formation is not worthless in any school level, but there are knowledge constituted by the teachers which are result of his professional and extra-professional experiences. The related experiences are also condition to feed the reflection and the school practice on the teacher’s formation, constructed not only by their formal formation in university, but also from the knowledge created by themselves as by their experiences. The study reveals that the teachers construct and reconstruct, permanently, their different knowledge, their experiences and utopias. Therefore, the experience is a dimension among others. Elect it this way is contemplate the related formation, in other aspect to be considered, must be composed in a unilateral perspective. Therefore, the docent experience can’t be placed in the school education stage, as its rescuer, as unilaterally promoter of the overcoming of the school education’s sequel.Dissertação (Mestrado)Este estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre os saberes advindos da experiência de vida como constituintes da trajetória histórico-profissional e extra-profissional de professores que atuaram, a partir dos anos 1960, em vários níveis desde o Ensino Fundamental e que, no decorrer da década de 1980, passaram a trabalhar na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, na qual atuaram em diferentes cursos de licenciatura até se aposentarem na primeira metade dos anos 90. Entendo que a formação do professor não se esgota no acúmulo de conhecimentos sistematizados, procura-se através deste estudo recuperar o papel desses docentes, destacando-se a importância de se pensar tal formação não só a partir do desenvolvimento profissional e organizacional, mas principalmente no que concerne aos saberes advindos da experiência. A abordagem metodológica utilizada inspira-se na modalidade de testemunhos de professores, já aposentados, por meio da construção de narrativas que refletem suas experiências de formação e de construção de saberes. Primeiramente, foi feita uma revisão dos estudos mais significativos sobre experiência, saberes docentes e memória, balizando-se por seus aportes conceituais e metodológicos, produzidos a partir de distintos enfoques teórico-metodológicos sobre o ser professor. A partir das narrativas orais, transcritas e textualizadas, de um grupo de cinco professores(as), produziu-se uma reflexão sobre o como se constituíram enquanto professores(as). Comprovou-se que não é desprezível a formação institucionalizada do(a) professor(a) em vista de quaisquer níveis de ensino, mas há saberes constituídos pelos docentes que resultam de suas experiências profissionais ou extra- profissionais. As referidas experiências também são condições para oxigenar a reflexão e a prática escolares sobre a formação do professor, construída não só pela sua formação formal em nível superior, mas também a partir dos saberes criados por eles mesmos por meio de suas experiências. O estudo revela que o(a) professor(a) constrói e reconstrói, permanentemente, seus diferentes saberes, suas experiências e suas utopias, portanto, a experiência é uma dimensão entre outras. Elegê-la, dessa forma, é contemplar que a referida formação, entre outros aspectos a serem considerados, deve compor-se numa perspectiva unilateral. Portanto, a experiência do docente não pode ser colocada no palco da educação escolar, seja como redentora da mesma, seja como unilateralmente promotora da superação das mazelas da educação escolar referida

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data