Collaborative Vehicle Routing Problem with Rough Location using Extended Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm

<p>This is the experimental data of the manuscript entitled "Collaborative Vehicle Routing Problem with Rough Location using Extended Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm". All data are generated through computer simulation and saved in the file with txt format. The data are consistent with the real-world case. For example, DATA_N_60_D_4_V_12 represents the case that contains 4 depots, 60 customers and 12 vehicles. The “DATA_N_77_D_3_V_9.txt” and “DATA_N_97_D_3_V_9.txt” are used in Section 5.2 as illustrative examples corresponding to figure 4 and figure 5, respectively. Other data are used in Section 5.3.</p

Block-matrix-based approach for the hybrid vehicle routing problem with fuzzy travel time and transportation type selection

This is the experimental data of the manuscript entitled "Block-matrix-based approach for the hybrid vehicle routing problem with fuzzy travel time and transportation type selection". All data are generated through computer simulation and saved in the file with xlsx format. The data are consistent with the real-world case. For example, "dataset A" represents the small case that contains 10 suppliers, 2 cross-dock centers and 11 plants."dataset B" represents the large case that contains 30 suppliers, 5 cross-dock centers and 4 plants

Research Front Detection and Topic Evolution Based on Topological Structure and PageRank Algorithm

this is the data used in my article "research front detection and topic evolution based on topological structure and PageRank algorithm". The data include the scientific documents in Dataset I (D1.txt), the scientific documents in Dataset II (D2.txt), the scientific documents in Dataset I without isolated document (D3.txt), and the scientific documents in Dataset II without isolated document (D4.txt), the unique number of scientific documents (D5.txt), the similarity between scientific documents for document clustering (D6.txt), and the similarity between clusters for topic evolution (D7.txt)

High Pressure Synthesis and Superconductivity of the Ternary Compounds Mg(Mg_1–<i>x</i>Al_<i>x</i>)Si with the Anticotunnite Structure

Ternary compounds Mg­(Mg_1–<i>x</i>Al_<i>x</i>)Si (0.3 < <i>x</i> < 0.8) have been prepared under high pressure and high temperature conditions of 5 GPa at 800–1100 °C. The single crystal study revealed that the compound (<i>x</i> = 0.45) is isomorphous with the anticotunnite, or the TiNiSi structure, and crystallizes with space group <i>Pnma</i>, with lattice parameters <i>a</i> = 6.9242(2), <i>b</i> = 4.1380(1), <i>c</i> = 7.9618(2) Å, and <i>Z</i> = 4. The compound with <i>x</i> > 0.5 shows superconductivity with a transition temperature (<i>T</i>_c) ∼ 6 K. The compound is a peritectic solid solution associated with other phases such as Mg₉Si₅, Al, and Si, depending on cooling protocols in the preparation. The band structure calculation on the composition MgAlSi suggests that the Al and Mg orbitals mainly contribute to the density of states near the Fermi level, and the substitution of Mg with Al favors the superconductivity

Measuring Scientific Prestige of Papers with Time-Aware Mutual Reinforcement Ranking Model

This is the raw data of the manuscript "Measuring Scientific Prestige of Papers with Time-Aware Mutual Reinforcement Ranking Model" .The data contain four zip files and a .xlsx file. The first one is the raw data used in our manuscript, and the other four are the experimental results of our study

High-Pressure Synthesis and Superconductivity of the Laves Phase Compound Ca(Al,Si)₂ Composed of Truncated Tetrahedral Cages Ca@(Al,Si)₁₂

The Zintl compound CaAl₂Si₂ peritectically decomposes to a new ternary cubic Laves phase Ca­(Al,Si)₂ and an Al–Si eutectic at temperatures above 750 °C under a pressure of 13 GPa. The ternary Laves phase compound can also be prepared as solid solutions Ca­(Al_1–<i>x</i>Si_<i>x</i>)₂ (0.35 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 0.75) directly from the ternary mixtures under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. The cubic Laves phase structure can be regarded as a type of clathrate compound composed of face-sharing truncated tetrahedral cages with Ca atoms at the center, Ca@(Al,Si)₁₂. The compound with a stoichiometric composition CaAlSi exhibits superconductivity with a transition temperature of 2.6 K. This is the first superconducting Laves phase compound composed solely of commonly found elements

Combined Approach for Government E-Tendering Using GA and TOPSIS with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Information

<div><p>As E-government continues to develop with ever-increasing speed, the requirement to enhance traditional government systems and affairs with electronic methods that are more effective and efficient is becoming critical. As a new product of information technology, E-tendering is becoming an inevitable reality owing to its efficiency, fairness, transparency, and accountability. Thus, developing and promoting government E-tendering (GeT) is imperative. This paper presents a hybrid approach combining genetic algorithm (GA) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to enable GeT to search for the optimal tenderer efficiently and fairly under circumstances where the attributes of the tenderers are expressed as fuzzy number intuitionistic fuzzy sets (FNIFSs). GA is applied to obtain the optimal weights of evaluation criteria of tenderers automatically. TOPSIS is employed to search for the optimal tenderer. A prototype system is built and validated with an illustrative example from GeT to verify the feasibility and availability of the proposed approach.</p></div

Distinct toxic interactions of TiO₂ nanoparticles with four coexisting organochlorine contaminants on algae

<p>Engineered nanoparticles are increasingly discharged into the environment. After discharge, these nanoparticles can interact with co-existing organic contaminants, resulting in a phenomena referred to as ‘joint toxicity’. This study evaluated joint toxicities of TiO₂ nanoparticles (TiO₂NPs) with four different (atrazine, hexachlorobenzene, pentachlorobenzene, and 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl) organochlorine contaminants (OCs) toward algae (<i>Chlorella pyrenoidosa</i>). The potential mechanisms underlying the joint toxicity were discussed, including TiO₂NPs–OC interactions, effects of TiO₂NPs and OCs on biophysicochemical properties of algae and effects of TiO₂NPs and OCs on each other’s bioaccumulation in algae. The results indicate that coexposure led to a synergistic effect on the joint toxicity for TiO₂NPs–atrazine, antagonistic effect for TiO₂NPs–hexachlorobenzene and TiO₂NPs–3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, and an additive effect for TiO₂NPs–pentachlorobenzene. There was nearly no adsorption of OCs by TiO₂NPs, and the physicochemical properties of TiO₂NPs were largely unaltered by the presence of OCs. However, both OCs and NPs affected the biophysicochemical properties of algal cells and thereby influenced the cell surface binding and/or internalization. TiO₂NPs significantly increased the bioaccumulation of each OC. However, with the exception of atrazine, the bioaccumulation of TiO₂NPs decreased when used with each OC. The distinct joint toxicity outcomes were a result of the balance between the increased toxicities of OCs (increased bioaccumulations) and the altered toxicity of TiO₂NPs (bioaccumulation can either increase or decrease). These results can significantly improve our understanding of the potential environmental risks associated with NPs.</p

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Basal Spacing, Energetics, and Structure Evolution of a Kaolinite–Formamide Intercalation Complex and Their Interfacial Interaction

Molecular dynamics simulations were performed on kaolinite–formamide complex models with various numbers of formamide molecules loaded in the kaolinite interlayer to explore the basal spacing, energetics, and structure evolution of the kaolinite–formamide complex during the intercalation process. Additionally, the interfacial interactions of formamide with kaolinite interlayer surfaces were calculated. The calculation revealed that the basal spacing of kaolinite was enlarged to 9.6 Å at the beginning of intercalation. Formamide was arranged as a monolayer structure in the kaolinite interlayer with the molecular plane oriented at small angles with respect to the interlayer surface. With continuous intercalation, the basal spacing readily reached a stable stage at 10.6 Å, where formamide rearranged its structure by rotating the molecule plane along the C–N bond that was parallel to the interlayer surface, which resulted in the molecular plane orienting at higher angles with respect to the interlayer surface. During this process, the CO groups oriented toward the hydroxyl groups on the interlayer octahedral surface, and one of N–H bonds progressively pointed toward the basal oxygens on the opposing interlayer tetrahedral surface. Continuous intercalation can enlarge the basal spacing to more than 14 Å with the prerequisite of overcoming the energy barrier, and then formamide evolved to a disordered bilayer structure in the kaolinite interlayer. The affinity of kaolinite interlayer surfaces for formamide motivated the intercalation process. The octahedral surface displayed a relatively larger affinity toward formamide compared to the tetrahedral surface partially due to the presence of hydroxyl groups that are more active in the intermolecular interactions with formamide

Related work of clustering methods based on citation links and textual features.

<p>Related work of clustering methods based on citation links and textual features.</p