Wind Energy Potential in Urban Area: Case study Prishtina

Urban wind Energy is one of the new renewable ways of producing electricity, which researchers have not studied very much. From earlier studies, it is impossible to state if it is or is not recommended to install wind turbines in Urban Areas. Further inverstigation are required to have a more accurate answer, including wind potential, suitability and possibility of installation. On the rooftop of the Technical Faculties Laboratory of the University of Prishtina “HASAN PRISHTINA", a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine and a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine have been installed. Both turbines are with the same capacity of 300 watts. A small meteorological station is installed among wind turbines to provide meteorological data. Results from installing these devices are presented in this research, where the turbines' power production potential is presented. The energy situation in Kosovo is presented, well as the pollution caused from the old fashion power plants. Research also includes the comparision between theoretical and real power production from each turbine separately. The wind data and power production results for both turbines are presented for two years, 2019 and 2020. The more suitable turbine is chosen by comparing the results, after which its main characteristics are shown at the end of the study

Designs and optimizations of active and semi-active non-linear suspension systems for a terrain vehicle

This paper introduces a design and optimization procedure for active and semi-active non-linear suspension systems regarding terrain vehicles. The objective of this approach is the ability to quickly analyze vehicles\u27 suspension performances resulting from passive, active, or semi-active systems. The vehicle is represented by a mathematical model regarding a quarter of it, and equations for motion are derived and solved by using MATLAB/Simulink. In order to verify the reliability of the derived computer program, a comparison is made with one of the comprehensive commercial software packages. The decision parameters of the active damping device are optimized by using the Hooke-Jeeves method, which is based on non-linear programming. The usefulness of the treated active and semi-active systems on a concrete terrain vehicle is presented and compared with the presented passive systems by analyzing the vehicle\u27s body acceleration, velocity, displacement, and vertical tire force, namely those aspects that directly influence driving comfort and safety.Za terenska vozila je značilno zelo veliko premikanje koles v vertikalni smeri, saj se s tem prepreči nevarnost prevračanja, ko vozilo potuje po neravnem terenu. Zaradi te značilnosti morajo imeti terenska vozila učinkovit sistem obes, saj morajo potnikom pri vožnji zagotavljati tudi ustrezno udobje in varnost. Konstruktorji vozil posvečajo veliko pozornost tako oblikovanju obes kakor tudi njihovi optimizaciji, vse z namenom, da bi izboljšali vozne lastnosti. Osnovni namen sistema obes je zagotoviti dober kontakt koles z neravno podlago, kar je možno izvesti samo z bolj ali manj kompliciranim sistemom obes

Design of independent suspension mechanism for a terrain vehicle with four wheels drive and four wheels steeering

In this paper a terrain vehicle with four wheels drive and four wheels steer intended to use for recreational purpose is presented. The main purpose is to design the suspension mechanism that fulfills requirements about stability, safety and maneuverability. Nowadays, as well as in the past, the development of the suspension systems of the vehicle has shown greater interest by designers and manufacturers of the vehicles. Research is focused to do a comprehensive study of different available independent suspension system (MacPherson, double wishbone, multi-link) and hence forth develop a methodology to design the suspension system for a terrain vehicle. Few chosen suspension systems are analyzed into the very details in order to find out the optimal design of it. During development process of the suspension system should be considered design constraints and requirements provided in the checklist. Afterwards the simulation results for kinematics analyses of suspension mechanism are performed in Working Model 2D and MATLAB environments. Achieved results are discussed in detail in order to find the best solution that will fulfill pretentious requirement from developed suspension system. All these investigations and reviews related to the suspension system will be exploited in order to obtain the optimal suspension geometry to equip a terrain vehicle, with such system

Analysis of the Potential for Renewable Utilization in Kosovo Power Sector

The reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and the decarbonization of the power sector through the utilization of available renewable technologies are challenging issues that Kosovo has to tackle right now, in order to fight the high pollution caused by a coal-based power system. Around 91.43% of installed capacities for electricity generation in Kosovo are based on coal-fired power plants. The aim of this paper is to show the potential for renewable utilization, using data measurements of wind, solar irradiation, biomass, and average water flows at different area locations to identify their utilization potential. Furthermore, a review on the currently available and future renewable energy projects integrated into the electricity sector is presented. A 54% carbon dioxide emission reduction potential was estimated in the power sector when considering maximum utilization potential of biomass, wind, solar renewable energies compared to a referent scenario. The results obtained from this review have shown the pathways for identifying the potential utilization of renewable as well as the actual and planned use of renewable implemented projects into the Kosovo Power Sector

A Novel Approach to Analysis of Road Accidents Using the Trend Analysis and IPTA Method: A Case Study of Kosovo

Road accidents in Kosovo cause more than 100 deaths each year and about EUR 40 million in property damage. The paper presents an accident prediction model that relates accident frequency to various contributory factors and is developed using trend analysis and the Innovative Polygon Trend Analysis method. In addition, the study investigates road traffic accidents using a novel methodology to compare the different modes and other parameters. The presented research also discusses the road safety in Kosovo, which is a Republic with relatively low economic growth based on GDP per capita, a young population, an increase in the number of vehicles per capita, and an increase in the number of road accidents, but a decline in the number of deaths from road accidents in recent years

Biomechanical and Macroscopic Evaluations of the Effects of 5-Fluorouracil on Partially Divided Flexor Tendon Injuries in Rabbits

Background: The main goals of flexor tendon surgery are to restore digital motion by providing tendon healing and to preserve tendon gliding. Our purpose was to investigate the effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on tendon adhesions in partially divided profundus flexor tendons (flexor digitorum profundus [FDPs]) following surgical repair and in partially divided FDPs without surgical repair, and to compare the results of the repair versus the nonrepair of zone two injuries via macroscopic and biomechanical evaluations of tendon adhesions. Methods: We used 32 adult male European rabbits (Oryctolagus cunniculus) weighing from 2.5 to 3.5 kg. The study was performed on the deep flexor tendons of the second and third digits of the right hind paws of the rabbits; thus, a total of 64 tendons were examined in this study. Results: Based on the results achieved in our experimental study, the load (N) significantly increased in subgroup 1a in which the tendons were surgically repaired and were not treated with 5-FU compared with subgroup 2a in which tendons were surgically repaired and treated with 5-FU. Conclusions: The load (N) significantly increased in subgroup 1a in which the tendons were surgically repaired and were not treated with 5-FU compared to subgroup 2a in which the tendons were surgically repaired and treated with 5-FU. Therefore, these results revealed a decrease in adhesion formation in the subgroup that was treated with 5-FU due to increased resistance to tendon adhesions during their excursion through the tendon sheath, which in this case required greater traction force