Hankō (domain school) library books in the early Meiji era -Use of books in the selection of books at takatō domain

This paper discusses the use of and the demand for the books owned by domain schools in the early Meiji period, using the case of the Shinshu Takato Domain. In 1874, the books owned by the domain school of the Shinshu Takato Domain were confiscated by the now-defunct Chikuma Prefecture, which mediated the dispute over the ownership of the books after Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures). However, some of the books were kept in the area thanks to the efforts by local people involved in education. This paper compared these books that were confiscated by the prefectural government, kept in Nagano Normal School, and then have been passed on to the library of the Shinshu University Faculty of Education as “Domain Library,” with the books that have been passed on to the local library of Takato-cho carrying the name of the domain school “Shintoku-kan,” and analyzed the characteristics of the Chinese classic books categorized according to the four-fold classification system as well as Japanese books based on whether they have kanbun kundoku (Japanese reading of Chinese characters) or not. The results of the analysis showed that many of the books that remained in the area were history books and the majority of them have body texts with kun-yomi (native Japanese reading), while most of the Ming editions and Qing editions generally considered valuable books today as well as many of the book whose body texts do not have kun-yomi are included in the books confiscated by the prefectural government. Based on how the history books were kept in a systematic manner, it is believed that the local people had control over the choices and kept those books intentionally. In addition, the local people did not keep the books written by Sorai Ogyu and Shundai Dazai, who were from Kobunjigaku, the traditional school of Takato Domain, which suggests how the books kept in the domain school were used and what kind of demands there were in the early Meiji period. It was revealed the people in Shinshu Takato chose the books they needed in the early meiji period, not because of scholarly tradition or rareness of the books, but because of the practical utility of the books, that is, they chose the books whose body texts have kun-yomi, which are easy for Japanese people to read, and the history books that allow us to learn concrete examples from facts. The books from the domain school are still used in the early Meiji period, which is probably why the people kept practical books in their community. I would like to further explore the books from the perspective of the archive kept in the prefectural government and their connection with the educational system of the Meiji period

Optical levitation and translation of a microscopic particle by use of multiple beams generated by vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser array sources

This paper was published in Optics Express and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.41.005645 Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means is prohibited and is subject to penalties under law

キリシタン版ローマ字日本語文の分節標示と疑問符 : 疑問文の文末位置以外にみられる疑問符を中心として

本稿は、第3回キリシタン語学研究会「キリシタン文献における分節記号としての「？」」（2015/10/4 京都府立大学）、第6回信州大学人文学部言語学カフェ「キリシタン文献における分節記号としての疑問符」（2016/3/17 信州大学）、広島大学国語国文学会研究集会「キリシタン版ローマ字日本語文の疑問符―疑問文の文末位置以外にみられる用例を中心として」（2019/7/13）の発表に基づくものである。本研究はJSPS科研費JP17H02341およびJP18K00608の助成を受けたものである

Wavelength-multiplexing diffractive phase elements : design, fabrication, and performance evaluation

This paper was published in Journal of the Optical Society of America A and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.18.001082 Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means is prohibited and is subject to penalties under law

ショカン オ トオシテ ミタ マエマ キョウサク ト オグラ シンペイ ノ コウリュウ キョウカ オヨビ リトウ ノ ケンキュウ カンコウ ノ ショウワ 4ネン オ チュウシン ニ

본고는 마에마 쿄사쿠와 오구라 신페이의 왕복 서간에 의거하여 두 사람의 교류를 검토한 것이다.본고에서 사용한 자료는 큐슈대학 자이 산로문고（在山楼文庫） 에 소장되어 있는 오구라 신페이의 편지와 오구 라 신페이의 장남・요시히코（芳彦） 자 소장하고 있던 마에마 쿄사쿠 편지로, 모두 새로운 자료이다. 오구라 신페이가 [향가 및 이두 연구] 를 발표한 쇼와4년 (1929) 을 중심으로,이 서간자료를 번각하여, 그 당시 마에마와 오구라의 구체적인 심리 싱태를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 구체적으로 다음 네 가지 사실을 밝힐 수 있었다. (1)오구라의 저서는 마에마 쿄사쿠의 학문세계에 있어서 하나의 전횐점이 되었다. (2)오구 라는 마에마에게 자기 자서의 서평을 의뢰하였다. (3)마에마의 [처용가 해독] 을 잡지 [조선] 에 게재한 것은 오구라의 뜻이었다. (4)마에마는 오구라에게 손진태가 쓴 [조선 고가요집] 의 서평을 부탁했지만, 오구 라는 거절했다. 지면 관계상, 모든 자료를 번각 할 수는 없었지만, 두 사람의 교류가 단순한 연구싱의 교류가 아니라 학문적 고뇌나 기쁨을 함케 하는 것이었음을 알 수 있었다.論

Use of FDG-PET in Radiation Treatment Planning for Thoracic Cancers

Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment for thoracic cancers. Accurate diagnosis is essential to correctly perform curative radiotherapy. Tumor delineation is also important to prevent geographic misses in radiotherapy planning. Currently, planning is based on computed tomography (CT) imaging when radiation oncologists manually contour the tumor, and this practice often induces interobserver variability. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has been reported to enable accurate staging and detect tumor extension in several thoracic cancers, such as lung cancer and esophageal cancer. FDG-PET imaging has many potential advantages in radiotherapy planning for these cancers, because it can add biological information to conventional anatomical images and decrease the inter-observer variability. FDG-PET improves radiotherapy volume and enables dose escalation without causing severe side effects, especially in lung cancer patients. The main advantage of FDG-PET for esophageal cancer patients is the detection of unrecognized lymph node or distal metastases. However, automatic delineation by FDG-PET is still controversial in these tumors, despite the initial expectations. We will review the role of FDG-PET in radiotherapy for thoracic cancers, including lung cancer and esophageal cancer