102 research outputs found
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In tropical countries, grapevines grow as evergreen and they are pruned in the time of active growing. In such summer pruning, defoliation of mature leaves and application of fertilizers are recommended for promoting bud bursting. Using the cultivar Kyoho, we conducted summer pruning and tested the effect of defoliation and fertilizing time on the growth of new shoots and flowering. On the basis of the results, we discussed the nutritional condition of the vine. 1. When all leaves were defoliated from the primary shoot at summer pruning, bud bursting was delayed and the growth of new shoots was much reduced. The development of flower clusters was restricted severely, and the berries set were only few. 2. Chemical analysis of the leaves developed on new shoots showed that defoliated vines contained less starch than un-defoliated vines. Nitrogen content was also lower in defoliated vines at the early stage of shoot growth. The nitrogen content decreased rapidly as the shoot grew in un-defoliated vines, while it increased until blooming in defoliated vines. Sugar content was also higher in defoliated vines than in those of un-defoliated. These results may be an indication that the nutrient movement to growing shoot tip or flower cluster was inactive in defoliated vines. 3. Application of fertilizers in two weeks before pruning to the un-defoliated vines resulted the longest shoot growth, though the flower development was best in the vines applicated on the same day with pruning. The highest berry setting percentage was obtained by application in two weeks after pruning
Corrosion Behavior of Amorphous Nickel-Valve Metal Alloys in Boiling Concentrated Nitric and Hydrochloric Acids
The corrosion behavior of amorphous nickel-base alloys containing titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum and/or phosphorus in boiling 9 N HNO_3 solutions with and without Cr^ ion and in a boiling 6 N HCl solution was investigated. In boiling 9 N HNO_3 solutions alloys containing 20 at% or more tantalum were immune to corrosion, maintaining the metallic luster, and Ni-40ïœ60Nb alloys showed low corrosion rates of the order of ÎŒm/year. In the boiling 6 N HCl solution only tantalum-containing alloys were immune to corrosion although a higher tantalum content was required in the 6 N HCl solution in comparison with 9 N HNO_3 solutions. Protective surface films on the Ni-Nb and Ni-Ta-(P) alloys were composed exclusively of NbO_2(OH) and TaO_2(OH). Consequently, the corrosion resistance is not provided unless alloys contain elements, the passive film of which is highly stable in these aggressive boiling acids, such as tantalum
Effect of Night Temperature during a Blooming Periond on Fruit Set and Berry Growth in Muscat of Alexandria Grapes
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Effect of Air and Root Temperatures on the Development of Flower Cluster Borne on the Forced Lateral Shoot of Muscat of Alexandria Grapes
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Growth and Yield of Peaches on Rootstocks of Prunus tomentosa and Prunus persica
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Effects of Root Temperature on Development of Flower Cluster, Berry Set and Berry Growth of Muscat of Alexandria Grapes
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Effect of Temperature on the Development of Flower Cluster Borne on the Forced Lateral Shoot of Muscat of Alexandria Grapes
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Effects of Root Temperature on Berry Growth and Berry Composition of Muscat of Alexandria Grapes
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The experiment was carried out with three years old 'Kyoho' grapevines planted on gravelled beds. Applications of aqueous fertilizer were started at different times from autumn to spring. Effectiveness of each application was determined by measuring vine growth and fruit productivity and also by analysing the nutrient contents in root, cane and leaf at several times. Applying fertilizer in autumn increased the N content of root and cane even during winter and resulted in earlier and more dud bursting and better development of flower cluster. Application from March or April caused a rapid increase in N content of root and cane at bud bursting. The greatest shoot length and the largest ovary size were measured at blooming, and a better crop with larger sized berries and good qualities was yielded on the vines fertilized in spring
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