Analysis of factors associated with profitability of Kazakhstani state hospitals and polyclinics.

The following study analyzed factors affecting profitability of medical state enterprises. The primary interest of the study was the effect of corporate governance on financial performance of oblast level hospitals and primary care clinics. It was found that the presence of a supervisory board for the hospital or clinic is associated with decreased probability of producing net positive income (37% less chance) in these organizations. Also it was found that characteristics of supervisory boards like number of people in the board and meetings held by supervisory boards are not associated with profitability of state medical enterprises. The profitability of state medical organizations also differed between regions of the country and between organizations located in cities and rural regions

Extract of limonium gmelinii attenuates AB-and H2O2-induced oxidative response in cerebral endothelial cells

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder which affects approximately 10% of the population at age 65 and 40% of people over the age 80. Clinically, AD pathology is characterized by an increased deposition of amyloid-(3 peptide (A(3) in the brain, and a progressive impairment of cognition and memory of affected individuals. Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) dysfunction is observed in all of the stages of AD, and may even precede neuron degeneration in AD brains. During the early stages of AD, microvasculature deficiencies and hypertrophy of astrocytes are commonly observed. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that the vascular deposition of A(3 induces oxidative stress in cerebral endothelial cells (CECs). A(3-induced oxidative stress in cells, in turn, initiates a cascade of redox reactions leading to apoptosis and neurovascular inflammation. Consequently, antioxidants are considered as therapeutic agents in A(3-induced CECs damage

Extract of limonium gmelinii attenuates AB-and H2O2-induced oxidative response in cerebral endothelial cells

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder which affects approximately 10% of the population at age 65 and 40% of people over the age 80. Clinically, AD pathology is characterized by an increased deposition of amyloid-(3 peptide (A(3) in the brain, and a progressive impairment of cognition and memory of affected individuals. Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) dysfunction is observed in all of the stages of AD, and may even precede neuron degeneration in AD brains. During the early stages of AD, microvasculature deficiencies and hypertrophy of astrocytes are commonly observed. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that the vascular deposition of A(3 induces oxidative stress in cerebral endothelial cells (CECs). A(3-induced oxidative stress in cells, in turn, initiates a cascade of redox reactions leading to apoptosis and neurovascular inflammation. Consequently, antioxidants are considered as therapeutic agents in A(3-induced CECs damage

Astroprotective potential of extract from limonium gmelinii for stroke therapy

It's known that proinflammatory cytokines, such asTNF-a, produced by injured neurons and infiltrated leukocytes, involved in every aspect of stroke. Cytokines promote activation of astroglia, induce oxidative stress thereby exacerbating brain tissue damage. There is a number of data indicating that polyphenols can provide protection against neurodegenerative changes. It has been reported previously, that reach with polyphenols extract of Limonium gmelinii exerts a wide range of therapeutic actions. Here, we aimed to study antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of L. gmelinii under exposure of TNF-a in vitro

Studying phase structure of burned ferrous manganese ores by method of nuclear gamma-resonance spectroscopy

In the given article there are presented the results of studying the phase structure of burned ferrous manganese ores of Zhomart and Zapadny Kamys deposits of by the method of Mossbauer spectroscopy. There is established a variety of iron location forms in the studied materials and their quantitative content that allows to define the degree of completing regenerative processes at magnetizing roasting, and also the processes of formation of solid solutions (Fe₁-_XM_X₃O₄ and stabilization of Fe₁-_XO from eutectoid disintegration at cooling

Nonlinear models of the soil base for slab culculations

The proposed algorithm for calculating the base of dense clay soils was used in the calculation of rigid airfield and automobile coverings, railway embankments and slab foundations of large structures and in the body of earthworks (earthwork of hydraulic structures, earthwork of railways and highways, earthen dams) under static influences. The results of their numerical calculations showed that the linear models of such structures differ significantly from the real behavior of the soil, taking into account their plastic and rheological properties (sediments are underestimated by 2–3 times). The modules of soil deformation G (shear resistance) decrease when using nonlinear models, which leads to an increase in rheological and plastic properties, this process depends on the rate of intensity of deformations and stresses. All this must be taken into account when constructing and operating large and responsible structures. This requires a deeper study of the soil properties, confirmed by experimental data. In this work the equations of the soil state, experimentally obtained using triaxial compression devices, were used and an algorithm for calculating the soil base was compiled on their basis. The advantage of this algorithm is that it allows to obtain solutions for 3 base models and evaluate their effect on the stress-strain state inside the considered array and under the sole of the slab foundation. This is especially important for predicting the sediment of foundations for large-scale buildings and structures and the operation of the body of earthwork

Digitalization of Energy Manufacture: Infrastructure, Supply Chain Strategy and Communication

Abstract- The constant development of the electric power industry today leads to a decrease in the sustainability and growth of accidents in the “UES of Russiaâ€, necessitates the adoption of operational and supply chain management decisions that are not possible without digitalization. The problems that the industry will face in implementing digitalization projects are identified, namely: increased equipment wear; lack of funding, requirements for technological compatibility of the characteristics and parameters of power equipment and devices, unified switching standards (protocols) and information models, required number of instruments, equipment and software. Despite the obvious problems, digitalization is being actively implemented in the power industry. It is noted that the target model of digitalization in the power industry should include three blocks: digital technologies and databases, information technology infrastructure, including communication channels, information security systems. The spheres of application of existing and future digital technologies and databases at all stages of energy production are considered: generation, power grids, sales activities, in their relationship with the management bodies of the wholesale and retail electricity and capacity markets and regulatory bodies. The possibilities of using own and leased communication channels are critically evaluated, the advantages of various communication channels are revealed. It is noted that it is necessary to use channels based on fiber-optic communication lines as the main ones, and satellite communication channels as reserve ones. Special attention is drawn to information security. The components of the effect of digitalization for consumers, energy companies and the state are determined. It is proposed to introduce integrated indicators of the effect of digitalization. The proposed measures are necessary for the implementation of full-scale digitalization of the power industry, including the preservation of savings from digitalization in power companies, government support, and the creation of conditions for the development of active consumers

Systematising the Microstructure of a Modern Dictionary of the Arabic Language

This article is concerned with studying the influence of conservatism on the modern Arabic lexicography, namely the structure of its dictionary entries and interpretation methods. "The Large Arabic Dictionary" of the Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo has been chosen as the object of research since lexicographers regard it as the newest stage in the centuries-long evolution of the Arabic lexicography. Based on "The Large Arabic Dictionary", the comparative analysis touches upon the peculiarities of a modern general purpose dictionary of the Arabic language, definitions, methods of recording primary and derived verbs, and types of supporting data. The consistency between modern dictionaries of the Arabic language and their classical, medieval counterparts is analysed with regard to methods of organisation and interpretation. Omissions made by medieval lexicographers due to complex definitions and unsystematised dictionary entries are critically examined

Impact of Blockchain Technology for Modification of the Supply Chain Management in Energy Markets

Abstract— Supply chain management played a critical role in the electric power industrial chain optimization. The paper notes that in order to increase transparency and efficiency of settlements for electric energy, the introduction of intelligent metering systems is necessary. In order to achieve efficiency, transparency, data security and reduce transaction costs abroad, blockchain technologies that have both positive and negative characteristics have begun to be actively introduced. Similar aspirations are realized in Russia, where smart metering devices are also installed everywhere for consumers of electric energy. At the same time, studies show that it is advisable to implement the implementation of blockchain technology only in conditions of decentralized electricity supply, since the principles of this technology are not compatible with management from a single center. In Russia, given the significant role of centralization in electricity supply chain and non-payment for energy, the presence of “non-disconnected” consumers and a very modest share of renewable energy, the possibilities for using blockchain technology are very limited. This necessitates the search for effective ways to use blockchain technology, taking into account the current circumstances

The Reports of the Russian Empire Officials on the Semirechye Region: A Historiographic Analysis

The paper describes the process of scientific substantiation of the Russian Empire's preliminary preparation for the colonisation of the Kazakh steppes in the second half of the 19th century. The purpose of the paper is to analyse the political, as well as the economic situation (development of animal husbandry and agriculture) in the Semirechye region based on sources compiled with the help of the works of military officials of 19th century tsarist Russia. The paper also provides an assessment and comparative analysis of the subjective characteristics of historical sources on the region development. Considering the study of the region until the end of the 19th century, the authors have found that Semirechye was of interest for the Russian Empire in terms of the presence of important natural resources. Based on the methods of scientific research, we also identified the relationship between the ethnographic, political and economic development of the region. In general, the paper shows the importance of the reports of military officials as valuable primary sources of information