21 research outputs found
Fitted mesh method for singularly perturbed fourth order differential equation of convection diffusion type with integral boundary condition
This article focuses on a class of fourth-order singularly perturbed convection diffusion equations (SPCDE) with integral boundary conditions (IBC). A numerical method based on a finite difference scheme using Shishkin mesh is presented. The proposed method is close to the first-order convergent. The discrete norm yields an error estimate and theoretical estimations are tested by numerical experiments
Formulation of In-situ Thermoreversible Gel with Moringa oleifera Lam Extract as a Local Drug Delivery System for Adjunct Periodontal Treatment
Introduction: Periodontal disease is an outcome of a plethora of molecular mechanisms associated with oxidative stress, inflammation and oral microorganisms is managed by surgical or non surgical therapies with systemic antibiotics. However, local drug delivery system is known to augment the currently available therapies and improves prognosis. Although, there are several local drug delivery systems available, the search for an ideal agent with antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties continues. Moringa oleifera Lam extracts is one such wonder plant with all the above mentioned effects.
Aim: To formulate an in-situ thermoreversible gel with Moringa oleifera Lam extract that could be used as a local drug delivery system as an adjunct to periodontal treatment.
Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was conducted in Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology at Saveetha Dental College, from May 2022 to June 2022. For preparation of thermoreversible gel the 19% of thermogelling polymer poloxamer 407 (15% to 30%w/v) which the least concentration that demonstrates thermoreverisibility at 36°C and 0.2% which is the least concentration of mucoadhesive polymer carbapol 934 (0.2% to 0.5% w/v) which forms sol-gel transition and 5% aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera and cold deionised water were used. Surface pH, gelation temperature, syringeability, in-vitro drug release, stability, gelation time and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was done.
Results: The surface pH of the gel was 6.94±0.091 with a gelation temperature of 34°C±0.5. The gel was flowable with good stability and fast release of eight hours. The chemical components compatability study of Moringa oleifera Lam powder, thermoreversible gel without extract and thermoreversible gel with extract were subjected to FITR analysis. The spectral analysis showed no significant chemical interaction between the Moringa oleifera and thermoreversible gel.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the thermoreversible gel with Moringa oleifera Lam extracts could be used as an adjunct for the management of periodontal disease with good bioavailability. However, future clinical studies have to be conducted to validate the results of the present study
Parthenium dermatitis in a HIV patient
Parthenium dermatitis is a distressing problem in India. Both type 1 (immediate and late phase reaction) and type 4 hypersensitivity phenomenon play a role in pathogenesis. We prick tested the patient after administering various drugs to assess the best agent to prevent late phase reaction
Fractional-targeted phototherapy
Targeted ultraviolet B phototherapy is used in the treatment for localized variants of psoriasis. We present two cases in which we compared the efficacy of lite spot and lite brush in the treatment of psoriasis and vitiligo
Antiphospholipid syndrome in dermatology: An update
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by the presence of
antiphospholipid antibodies, recurrent thrombosis, and fetal loss.
Antiphospholipid antibodies are a family of autoantibodies that
recognize various combinations of phospholipids, phospholipid-binding
proteins, or both. APS can occur in the absence of underlying or
associated disease (primary APS) or in combination with other diseases
(secondary APS). The exact pathogenic mechanism by which these
antibodies cause thrombosis is not known; however, several hypotheses,
such as activation of platelet and endothelial cells and interference
with the coagulation system, have been proposed. Diagnosis is based on
the presence of at least one clinical and laboratory criterion each,
according to International Consensus Statement on preliminary
classification criteria. However, APS can be diagnosed in individuals
even in the absence of some of the classification criteria. Clinical
manifestations involve different organs and systems such as the blood
vessels, central nervous system, skin, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract,
heart, and placenta. The unifying mechanism of all these manifestations
is thrombosis, either arterial or venous. Skin manifestations are
varied and although not included in the diagnostic criteria, may be the
presenting feature of this syndrome. Therefore all dermatologists
should investigate the possibility of APS when cutaneous findings are
related to venous or arterial thrombosis. The risk of thrombosis cannot
be predicted, and therefore treatment is not initiated until a
thrombotic event occurs. Indefinite anticoagulation is prescribed once
a thrombotic event occurs. Prognosis depends on the severity of the
clinical manifestations and so, knowledge of the presentation of this
disease is important for early detection and prompt treatment to
prevent life-threatening consequences of this catastrophic disease
process