The evolution of International banking in USA

The movement toward globalization of world economy and banks is continuing ever more rapidly. The main subject of this article is the experience of the evolution of international banking in USA as within so out of the country.В статье раскрывается суть и основные формы одного из направлений современной тенденции глобализации мировой економики — эволюции международного банковского дела. Объектом исследования является исторический опыт США в вопросе допуска иностранного капитала в национальную экономику, а также развитие международных операций американских банков

FEATURES OF IMMUNE RESPONSE IN PRETERM BABIES WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY DISPLASIA OF VARIOUS SEVERITY

To evaluate the immunity indexes in the children who were born with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) of varying severity at very early delivery terms (22-27 weeks), dynamic examinations were performed in 35 infants: 17 children were with severe BPD; 18, with mild-severity and moderately severe BPD. The comparison group consisted of seven children born at 22-27 weeks of gestational age without signs of BPD. Relative numbers of lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD16+CD56+, CD4+CD25+), and monocytes (CD14+CD64+, CD14+HLA-DR+) were determined by flow cytometry. The level of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-4) was measured by enzyme immunoassay technique. The features of immune status in children with BPD of severe, mild and moderate severity were discerned. It was found that the predictors of severe BPD development in the children born at very early terms, are: increased content of IL-8 at birth and at the age of 1 month, reduced level of expression on monocytes (CD64, HLA-DR) on the 1 month of life, and CD14+CD64+ cells at 38-40 weeks post conception. The revealed features of immune status in newborns with BPD can be used to assess the effectiveness of the therapy, which requires further research in this direction

Morphological and agronomic characteristics of winter rye cultivars in connection with their resistance to lodging

Background. Lodging resistance of winter rye is associated with morphological features of the stem. Searching for source material to breed non-lodging high-yielding cultivars requires studying the varietal phenotypic diversity according to morphological characters of the stem that affect the resistance to lodging and the productivity of the ear.Materials and methods. Experiments were carried out in 2017–2020 at the Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East (FARC North-East), Kirov. Field resistance to lodging, morphological characteristics of the stem, yield, and ear productivity were evaluated in 16 winter rye cultivars. The study was based on the International COMECON List of Descriptors for the Genus Secale L., and Methodology for the State Variety Trials of Agricultural Crops. The weight of segments of the second lower internodes was measured in 10 plants of each cultivar under laboratory conditions.Results and conclusions. Negative correlations of lodging resistance with stem length (r= –0.55) and the weight of the second lower internode (r = –0.65) were revealed. Ear productivity of rye cultivars was significantly associated with the wall thickness (r = 0.52) and the length of the second lower internode (r = –0.52). According to the results of the path analysis, the main causes of a decrease in lodging resistance were the weight of the segment (P = –0.467) and the length of the second lower internode (P = –0.408), while an increase was connected with the wall thickness of the second lower internode (P = 0.424). The cultivars differed significantly in their resistance to lodging (LSD05 = 0.8). Cvs. ‘Moskovskaya 12’, ‘Tatyana’, ‘Bylina’ and ‘Yantarnaya’ were identified; they are recommended as source material for breeding for lodging resistance

РЕГУЛЯЦИЯ МИЕЛОПЕРОКСИДАЗОЙ СA2+-СИГНАЛИЗАЦИИ В НЕЙТРОФИЛАХ

It is shown that myeloperoxidase (MPO) initiates an increase in the concentration of intracellular free calcium ions in neutrophils caused both by the release of calcium ions from intracellular stores, and extracellular Ca2+ entry across the plasma membrane channels. It is found that MPO modified by hypohalous acids retains its ability to induce Ca2+-signaling in neutrophils. It is established that MPO-induced entry of Ca2+ into cytosol of neutrophils is not associated with its catalytic activity, but caused by direct binding of MPO to α-subunit of β2-integrin of neutrophils and tyrosine kinase activation.Показано, что миелопероксидаза (МПО) инициирует увеличение концентрации свободных ионов внутриклеточного кальция в нейтрофилах, обусловленное как выходом ионов кальция из внутриклеточных депо, так и входом внеклеточного Са2+ через каналы плазматической мембраны. Установлено, что модифицированная гипогалоидными кислотами МПО сохраняет свою способность инициировать Са2+-сигнализацию в нейтрофилах. МПО-индуцированный вход Са2+ в цитозоль нейтрофилов не связан с проявлением каталитической активности фермента, а обусловлен непосредственным связыванием МПО с α-субъединицей β2-интегрина нейтрофилов и активацией тирозинкиназ

Assessment of actual nutrition among children with multiple milk teeth caries attending preschool educational institutions

The purpose of the study is to assess the actual nutrition of preschool children with multiple caries of milk teeth.Цель исследования – оценить фактическое питание детей и обеспеченность витамином D у детей дошкольного возраста с множественным кариесом молочных зубов

Изменение уровня металлотионеинов, цинка и меди в плазме крови пациентов с хроническим лимфоцитарным лейкозом

   Изучена взаимосвязь между содержанием металлотионеинов, ионов меди и цинка в плазме периферической крови при хронических лимфоцитарных лейкозах (ХЛЛ) в зависимости от прогрессирования заболевания. Показано, что у пациентов с ХЛЛ при прогрессирующем заболевании, частичной и полной ремиссии значения отношений цинка к меди в плазме крови достоверно снижались по сравнению с аналогичными показателями, характерными для практически здоровых доноров. Установлено, что в плазме крови у пациентов с ХЛЛ при прогрессировании заболевания уменьшается уровень металлотионеинов по сравнению с другими исследуемыми группами, что говорит об обнаруженной нами сниженной функции цистеинсодержащих белков-металлотионинов. На основании полученных данных можно заключить, что отношение концентрации цинка к меди и уровень металлотионенинов в плазме периферической крови могут быть потенциальными диагностическими и прогностическими маркерами при терапии ХЛЛ.   The relationship between the content of metallothioneins, copper and zinc ions in peripheral blood plasma in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) depending on the disease progression was studied. It was shown that in patients with CLL in blood plasma with a progressive disease, partial and complete remission, the values of the zinc-to-copper ratios significantly decreased in comparison to similar indicators of practically healthy donors. It was established that in patients with CLL, the level of metallothioneins in blood plasma decreases with the disease progression compared to other studied groups, which indicates a reduced function of cysteine-containing metallothionein proteins. Based on the obtained data, it can be concluded that the zinc-to-copper concentration ratio and the level of metallothionenins in peripheral blood plasma are potential diagnostic and prognostic markers in chronic leukemia.   Изучена взаимосвязь между содержанием металлотионеинов, ионов меди и цинка в плазме периферической крови при хронических лимфоцитарных лейкозах (ХЛЛ) в зависимости от прогрессирования заболевания. Показано, что у пациентов с ХЛЛ при прогрессирующем заболевании, частичной и полной ремиссии значения отношений цинка к меди в плазме крови достоверно снижались по сравнению с аналогичными показателями, характерными для практически здоровых доноров. Установлено, что в плазме крови у пациентов с ХЛЛ при прогрессировании заболевания уменьшается уровень металлотионеинов по сравнению с другими исследуемыми группами, что говорит об обнаруженной нами сниженной функции цистеинсодержащих белков-металлотионинов. На основании полученных данных можно заключить, что отношение концентрации цинка к меди и уровень металлотионенинов в плазме периферической крови могут быть потенциальными диагностическими и прогностическими маркерами при терапии ХЛЛ

International banking evolution

The subject of this article is the main evolution stages of the international banking. The present-day actual of this problem are conditioned by Ukraine world economic integration process which put in front of banks and financial science the task of investigating and implementation world experience of the evolution of international banking.Статья посвящена анализу основных этапов развития международного банковского дела. Ее актуальность определяется взятым Украи- ной курсом на интеграцию в мировое экономическое пространство, что ставит перед украинскими банками, а также экономической наукой задачи, связанные с изучением и адаптацией мирового опыта эволюции международных операций банков

Modeling K+ and Ag+ complexation by thiacalix[4]arene amides using DFT: The role of intramolecular hydrogen bonding

Complexation of methyl-glycine-amide functionalized thiacalix[4]arene with K+ and Ag+ has been studied using density functional theory (DFT) in the gas phase. To account for the conformational possibilities of the ligand, the free ligand and its potassium complexes were subjected to global minima searches on the molecular mechanics (MM) level of theory with the OPLS (optimized potentials for liquid simulations) force field. For the free ligand, the order of the energies and geometries of the ligand conformers is in agreement between MM and DFT; however, the position of K+ in the ligand's cavity was predicted differently by these methods. Hydrogen bonding of amide hydrogens in the ligands' podand arms was found to take place predominantly with the ether oxygens of the same arm rather than the other arms' carbonyls. According to DFT calculations, the silver cation preferred to coordinate with one sulfur bridge and three carbonyl groups, whereas potassium cation favored interaction with the four carbonyl oxygens of the podand amide arms. Neither cation preferred the N-mode of coordination. For all obtained conformers, intramolecular hydrogen bonds disfavor complexation, increasing the preorganizational energy to be paid. © 2009 American Chemical Society

Modeling K+ and Ag+ complexation by thiacalix[4]arene amides using DFT: The role of intramolecular hydrogen bonding

Complexation of methyl-glycine-amide functionalized thiacalix[4]arene with K+ and Ag+ has been studied using density functional theory (DFT) in the gas phase. To account for the conformational possibilities of the ligand, the free ligand and its potassium complexes were subjected to global minima searches on the molecular mechanics (MM) level of theory with the OPLS (optimized potentials for liquid simulations) force field. For the free ligand, the order of the energies and geometries of the ligand conformers is in agreement between MM and DFT; however, the position of K+ in the ligand's cavity was predicted differently by these methods. Hydrogen bonding of amide hydrogens in the ligands' podand arms was found to take place predominantly with the ether oxygens of the same arm rather than the other arms' carbonyls. According to DFT calculations, the silver cation preferred to coordinate with one sulfur bridge and three carbonyl groups, whereas potassium cation favored interaction with the four carbonyl oxygens of the podand amide arms. Neither cation preferred the N-mode of coordination. For all obtained conformers, intramolecular hydrogen bonds disfavor complexation, increasing the preorganizational energy to be paid. © 2009 American Chemical Society