Alleviating Bumiputera Poverty In Sarawak: Reflections And Proposal.

Malaysia has succeeded in reducing its overall incidence of poverty since the implementation of the New Economic Policy in 1971

Kinship Social Capital and Entrepreneurship Development: A Comparative Study For Internal And International Migrant of Minangkabau Ethnic

Kinship social capital can function as an important source of social capital for welfare and economic development. Kinship social capital has potency to improve entrepreneurship activity. Khinship social capital may provide some benefit as reducing transaction cost, facilitating access toward information, providing informal insurance and helping to solve collective action dilemma. There is one in Indonesia, in which it is popular called as Minangkabau and has strong norms and values in building entrepreneurship. Minangkabau society have high number and potency in entrepreneurship. Minangkabau tribe is one of the ethnics in Indonesia that have matrilineal system and as travelling ethnics. The purposes of this article are identifying and comparing kinds of social capital and its phase of effects toward entrepreneurship building of Minangkabau ethnic in internal and international Migrant. The respondents in this study are Minangkabau ethnic entrepreneurs in Jakarta (internal Migrant) and Minangkabau ethnic traveler entrepreneurs in Malaysia (international Migrant). The method used in this study is Structural Equation Model (SEM). Based on the estimated result, it is found that the two Minangkabau ethnic travel areas have differences and similarities in their social capital. The mutual interrelationship and activities are social capital that underlie entrepreneurship building in both internal and international migrants. Social capital that the Minangkabauan has does not affect the entrepreneurship building for the migrants

Mengenal Pasti dan Memeringkatkan Sektor-Sektor Ekonomi Utama di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Indonesia

Tujuan utama kajian ini mengenal pasti dan memeringkatkan sektor-sektor ekonomi utama di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah Analisis Input-Output jenis terbuka. Daripada model didapati indikator yang menerangkan kepentingan sektor-sektor ekonomi sebagai sektor utama seperti rantaian kehadapan dan kebelakang, indeks penyebaran dan kepekaan, serta nilai pengganda. Ditambah dengan indikator sumbangan jumlah guna tenaga, produktiviti guna tenaga, dan pertumbuhan sektor-sektor ekonomi digunapakai untuk membentuk Indeks Komposit. Didapati kedudukan pertama sektor bangunan; perdagangan, hotel dan restoran; pengangkutan dan komunikasi; perlombongan dan penggalian; kewangan, persewaan dan khidmat perusahaan; industri pembuatan; eletrik, gas dan air minum; pertanian; dan sektor perkhidmata

The determinants of growth performance of small services enterprises in Yemen

This study investigated the determinants of growth performance of the small service enterprises (SSEs) in Yemen. It examined how the management capabilities’ determinants (financial operations, firm marketing and firm management), business environment determinants (macroeconomic determinants and lack of capital) and firm resources (ease of doing business, personal traits and owner characteristics) influence the performance growth of small service enterprises. The data was collected through a survey administered to 170 samples in two cites: Sana’a and Taiz in Yemen. In using the method of the structural equation modelling (SEM) based on SPSS and AMOS programs, the results found that management capabilities determinants and business environment determinants affected the growth performance of small service enterprises in the country, but the firm resources determinants did not show statically significant impacts on these enterprises in Yemen

The determinants of technological innovation adoption among Bumiputera small scale food processing industries in Malaysia.

Bumiputera Small scale Food Processing Industry (FPI) need to modernise and adopt technological innovation to stay competitive. This will increase their efficiency, improve productivity and allow for the introduction of new products and services to satisfy existing market demand or expanding market share. By adopting new technology, Bumiputera small scale FPI will not only decrease cost and increase productivity, but they will also be enabled to increase their share in the domestic market and even export their products. The development of FPI is to ensure that Malaysia can produce adequate food and help to provide much needed employment and contribute to national income. Being small scale there are various factors that inhibit or influence Bumiputera small scale FPI ability to adopt a technological innovation. Hence, the main aim of this study is to identify the determinants of technological innovativeness among small-scale Bumiputera entrepreneurs in the food processing industry in Malaysia. The pertinent questions are: Why do some Bumiputera small scale FPI adopt technological innovation while others do not do the Bumiputera small scale FPI have the capabilities to introduce new technology; how does institutional support shape SSIs' response to technology adoption? The theoretical model developed in this study used five main theoretical approaches - adoption decision process, organisational buying behaviour, decision theory of firms, small firms decision process and the personality of entrepreneurs From this model the key factors influencing technology innovation decisions among Bumiputera small scale food processing firms were identified. Based on this model, we can show and quantify the inter-relationship between the various factors influencing technology adoption decisions. The researcher used a survey method to collect information from 197 Bumiputera entrepreneurs in small scale FPI. In the statistical analysis, as a way of solving the problem of multicollinearity among hypothesised factors, based on firms' size, the researcher stratified the respondents into two groups - tiny and small firms. Findings of this study showed that Bumiputera small scale FPI has a greater tendency to adopt an incremental type of innovation. The entrepreneurs' characteristics, communication, their perception of the buying situation, the objective characteristic of the innovation, institutional involvement and their firms' characteristics significantly influenced entrepreneurs in small and tiny firms to innovate. The entrepreneurs' perception of the innovation only influenced the decision to innovate of the entrepreneurs in tiny firms. In tiny and small firms, among the entrepreneurs' characteristics that influence the innovativeness are their personal demographics, personality traits and skill upgrading. Firms' performance and their financing problem are the characteristics of their firms that had significant influence on firms' innovativeness. Firms' age only has significant influence on tiny firms, while firms' size and structure have significant influence on small firms' decision to innovate

THE COMPARISON OF CAPITALSTRUCTURE DETERMINANTSBETWEEN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES(SMEs) AND LARGEFIRMS IN MALAYSIA

The objective of the paper isto analyze the determinants of capital structure offirms, by comparing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and large firms.SMEs in Malaysia play a significantrole in the national economy. However,contribution of Malaysian SMEs to economy is not up to themark to selectedbenchmarking countries such as South Korea and Japan. One of major reasons isfinancial constraint. Given that theresource of financial assistance fromgovernment is limited, concentration has tobe given to potential firms which arelisted as Enterprise 50 (E50). E50 is a prestigious awards program to recognizethe achievements of SMEs. Panel data analysis has been used to test thedeterminants of capital structure, indicatedby the leverage ratio of the firms. Theindependent variables are asset tangibility, profitability, non-debt tax shield,liquidity, age and size. Evaluation isbased on financial data of 285 firmsconsisting of 91 SMEs and 194 large firms for a period of 2004 till 2011. TradeOff and Pecking Order theory are discussed. The result shows that capitalstructure of SMEs and large firms are almost similar except in term of growth,liquidity and size. Growth is important for large firms. Liquidity is the criticalfactor for SMEs in determining short term debt, and size does matter to SMEs

DAYASAING INDUSTRI KECIL SEDERHANA (IKS) MAKANAN HALAL DALAM MENGHADAPI AFTA

Globalization and liberalization form a new dimension in trading. To facing emulation in the global stage, each state in the world tries to improve its competitiveness especially in manufacturing and services sector. The lawful food industries are not quit of this phenomenon. Looking into the most manufacturing lawful food industries in Malaysia consist of small and medium industries, this paper aim to analyse Malaysia lawful food of small and medium industrial competitiveness in face of AFTA with focusing to financial, technological and human resource aspect

Kemiskinan di kalangan masyarakat Orang Asli

Kemiskinan di kalangan masyarakat Orang Asli masih berada pada tahap yang serius. Kadar kemiskinan mereka pada 1999 seperti yang dilaporkan dalam Rancangan Malaysia KeLapan ialah sebanyak 50.9%. Ini bermakna setiap seorang dari dua Orang Asli adalah miskin. Kadar kemiskinan ini adalah jauh lebih tinggi daripada kadar kemiskinan keseluruhan di Malaysia pada tahun yang sama iaitu 8.1%. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti faktor -faktor yang menyumbang kepada kemiskinan di kalangan masyarakat Orang Asli dan seterusnya membuat analisis terhadap faktor-faktor tersebut. Untuk tujuan itu, satu kajian telah dijalankan di sembilan kawasan penempatan Orang Asli di negeri Perak. Kawasan tersebut merangkumi kawasan pedalaman, pinggir dan bandar. Keputusan kajian mendapati kadar kemiskinan keseluruhan bagi kawasan kajian ialah sebanyak 54.0%. Enam faktor yang menyebabkan kemiskinan telah dikaji iaitu klasifikasi kawasan, umur ketua isi rumah, saiz isi rumah, tahap pendidikan ketua isi rumah, jenis pekerjaan dan faktor gender. Keputusan kajian mendapati keenam-enam faktor yang dikaji adalah faktor-faktor signifikan yang menyumbang kepada tahap kemiskinan yang tinggi di kalangan masyarakat Orang Asli