2,071 research outputs found
Fiscal Policy and US-Canadian Trade
A factor-augmented vector autoregressive (FAVAR) model is applied to determine the effects of a rise in US government expenditure on the United States and Canadian economies. The results obtained reasonably characterize the effect of a rise in US government spending to the United States and Canadian economies emphasizing the role of the traded goods sector.Factor Model, Principal Component, Government expenditure, VAR.
No.03: DEVISING URBAN FOOD SECURITY POLICY FOR AFRICAN CITIES
â Informal food services are one of the few options for financially disadvantaged families. Food access policy needs to be created in partnership with informal economy actors to ensure that those who rely on informal systems are not ignored.
â As household size increases, the likelihood of food insecurity grows exponentially. Adequate social protection programs are required to support household dependants including children and the aged and improve food security.
â Secondary school completion is a specific milestone that significantly increases oneâs food security outlook. Free primary and secondary school policies could return dividends in terms of nation-wide food security, and subsidized uniforms and feeding programs are a good starting point
Multiscale modeling of oscillations and spiral waves in Dictyostelium populations
Unicellular organisms exhibit elaborate collective behaviors in response to
environmental cues. These behaviors are controlled by complex biochemical
networks within individual cells and coordinated through cell-to-cell
communication. Describing these behaviors requires new mathematical models that
can bridge scales -- from biochemical networks within individual cells to
spatially structured cellular populations. Here, we present a family of
multiscale models for the emergence of spiral waves in the social amoeba
Dictyostelium discoideum. Our models exploit new experimental advances that
allow for the direct measurement and manipulation of the small signaling
molecule cAMP used by Dictyostelium cells to coordinate behavior in cellular
populations. Inspired by recent experiments, we model the Dictyostelium
signaling network as an excitable system coupled to various pre-processing
modules. We use this family of models to study spatially unstructured
populations by constructing phase diagrams that relate the properties of
population-level oscillations to parameters in the underlying biochemical
network. We then extend our models to include spatial structure and show how
they naturally give rise to spiral waves. Our models exhibit a wide range of
novel phenomena including a density dependent frequency change, bistability,
and dynamic death due to slow cAMP dynamics. Our modeling approach provides a
powerful tool for bridging scales in modeling of Dictyostelium populations
Issues in international trade
This paper discuss the issues in international trade looking at the number of issues of international trade such as trade, growth and sustainable development, Financing requirements for emerging economies etc.<br /
Tourism, Trade and Domestic Welfare
Tourism has been regarded as a major source of economic growth and a good source of foreign exchange earnings. Tourism has also been considered as an activity that imposes costs on the host country. Such costs include increased pollution, congestion and despoliation of fragile environments and intra-generational inequity aggravation. One aspect that has been ignored is the general equilibrium effects of tourism on the other sectors in the economy. These effects can be quite substantial and should be taken into account when assessing the net benefits of a tourism boom on an economy. This paper presents a model which captures the interdependence between tourism and the rest of the economy, in particular agriculture and manufacturing. We examine the effect of a tourist boom on structural adjustment, commodity and factor prices and more importantly resident welfare. An important result obtained is that the tourist boom may âimmiserizeâ the residents. This occurs because of two effects. The first, a favourable effect due to an increase in the relative price of the non-traded good which is termed the secondary terms of trade effect. The second, a negative effect due to an efficiency loss that occurs in the presence of increasing returns to scale in manufacturing. If this second effect outweighs the first effect, resident immiserization occurs.Tourism, Trade welfare
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