The platelet indices in pediatric patients with acute appendicitis

Background: The diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis (AA) remains a problem in pediatric population. It has been suggested that Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) is lower in the patients with AA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of platelet indices in pediatric AA cases.Methods: A retrospective case-controlled study was designed: 224 subjects were included in this study. All patients had been operated on in division of pediatric surgery at the Kars Government Hospital with the preliminary diagnosis of AA. 204 and 20 of these patients were pathologically diagnosed as AA (group 1) and normal appendix vermiformis (group 2), respectively. Platelet indices had been studied in the biochemistry laboratory of the hospital, before the surgery.  Results: In group 1, platelet count, mean platelet volume, plateletcrit and platelet distribution width were 305 ± 94x103/µL; 7.37 ± 0.90 fL; 0,220 ± 0.057 % and 16.3 ± 0.5%, respectively. In group 2, platelet count, mean platelet volume, plateletcrit and platelet distribution width were 283 ± 85 103/µL; 7.60 ± 1.24 fL; 0.208 ± 0.045 % and 16.4 ± 0.7%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups studied with regard to platelet indices (P>0.05).Conclusions: Our study showed that platelet indices have no diagnostic value in the diagnosis of AA at pediatric age group.  

O tratamento com ozônio pode ser uma alternativa promissora para a osteomielite? Um estudo experimental.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the biochemical and histopathological impact of ozone treatment in an experimental model of osteomyelitis in rats. Methods: A total of 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (3 months old, each weighing 300 to 400 g) were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (n=8) served as a control and received no interventions or medications. In Group II (n=8), osteomyelitis was induced in the femur and no treatment was applied. Group III (n=8) received intraperitoneal ozone treatment for 3 weeks after the formation of osteomyelitis in the femur. Serum samples were taken to assess total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonyl content (PCO), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Bone specimens obtained from the femur were histopathologically evaluated for inflammation, necrosis, osteomyelitis, and abscess formation. Results: Serum TAC levels were notably higher (p<0.001), while LDH levels were lower (p=0.002) in Group III than Group II. No significant difference was detected between groups with respect to PCO level. Similarly, Group III displayed more favorable histopathological outcomes with respect to osteomyelitis (p=0.008), inflammation (p=0.001), necrosis (p=0.022), and abscess formation (p=0.022). Conclusion: Ozone may be a useful adjunct treatment for osteomyelitis. Further studies in animals and humans are needed to clarify and confirm these preventive effects, understand the underlying pathophysiology, and establish guidelines. Level of Evidence II; Prospective comparative study.Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o impacto bioquímico e histopatológico do tratamento de ozônio em modelo experimental de osteomielite em ratos. Métodos: Vinte e quatro ratos Sprague-Dawley machos adultos (3 meses de idade, pesando de 300 a 400 g) foram alocados randomicamente em três grupos. O grupo I (n = 8) serviu como controle. No Grupo II (n = 8), o modelo de osteomielite experimental foi induzido no fêmur e não foi aplicado nenhum tratamento. O grupo III (n = 8) recebeu tratamento com ozônio intraperitoneal por 3 semanas depois da formação de osteomielite no fêmur. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue para avaliar a capacidade antioxidante total (CAT), a concentração da proteína carbonil (PCO) e da lactato desidrogenase (LDH) no soro. As amostras do fêmur foram avaliadas por histopatologia quanto a inflamação, necrose, osteomielite e formação de abscesso. Resultados: Os níveis séricos de TAC foram notavelmente maiores (p < 0,001), enquanto os níveis de LDH foram menores (p = 0,002) no Grupo III em comparação com o Grupo II. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi detectada entre os grupos com relação ao nível de PCO. Do mesmo modo, o Grupo III apresentou resultados histopatológicos mais favoráveis para osteomielite (p = 0,008), inflamação (p = 0,001), necrose (p = 0,022) e formação de abscesso (p = 0,022). Conclusão: O ozônio pode ser um tratamento adjuvante útil na osteomielite. Mais estudos com animais e com seres humanos são necessários para esclarecer e confirmar esses efeitos preventivos, compreender a fisiopatologia subjacente e estabelecer diretrizes. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo prospectivo comparativo

Mirror Imaginary Movement Disorder and Pachygyria Association: Case Report

Mirror imaginary movement disorders are a group of syndromes characterized by automatic reflex mimicking of voluntary movements on the contralateral side. Two hypotheses for these symptoms are currently accepted: abnormal development of the ipsilateral corticospinal tract and transcallosal inhibition deficiency. Pachygyria refers to a decreased number of gyri divided with flat and superficial cerebral cortex sulci. We found pachygyria on cranial imaging of a boy aged 8 years who made similar movements with the one hand while writing with the other hand at presentation. Hence, pachygyria may play a role in mirror imaginary movement disorder

The seropositivity of Hepatitis A in children aged between 0-18 years in Kars province and around

Objective: The aims of this study are to determine the rate of hepatitis A seropositivity in pediatric patient not studied before in Kars, assess the relation of hepatitis A seropositivity with seasons, compare the seropositivity rate with the other parts of our country and contribute to epidemiological studies. Methods: The study was performed between 01.01.2012 – 31.06.2014 on children aged between 0-18 years old, tested for anti-HAV IgG with different complaints and tested for HAV IgM due to suspected hepatitis A, who had admitted to Kafkas University Faculty of Medicine and Kars State Hospital by ELISA method. 1065 patients tested HAV IgG and 1481 patients tested HAV IgM were studied retrospectively. The results were analyzed by using chi-square trend analysis according to the age groups, gender, and seasons. Results: The anti-HAV Ig G and anti-HAV IgM seropositivity rates were found to be 66.3% (706/1065) and 42.7% (633/1481), respectively. Seasonal anti-HAV IgM positive rates were detected as 2.4% in December-February, 3% in March-May, 8.5% in June-August, and 21% in September-November. Conclusion: There is no previous study showing hepatitis A seropositivity in Kars and it’s around. In our region, HAV seropositivity has seasonal differences and is detected highly

Results of developmental hip dysplasia and average cost analysis in Kars

Amaç: Gelişimsel kalça displazisi (GKD) ülkemizde sık görülen ve erken tanı konulup tedavi edilirse başarılı sonuçlar alınabilen bir anomalidir. Çalışmamızda, bebeklik döneminde kalça ultrasonografisi (USG) yapılarak gelişimsel kalça displazili olguların tanınması, erken tedavilerinin sağlanması ve bölgesel bazda hastaneye baş- vuran ve başvurmayan bebeklerin insidansı değerlendirildi. Bu değerlendirme sonuçları ile amacımız GKD insidansını belirlemek ve tedavi edilen ve edilemeyen hastaların tedavi masraflarının ortalama maliyet analizini yapmaktı. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmamıza Haziran 2012 ve Haziran 2015 tarihleri arasında Kafkas Üniversitesi ve Kars Harakani Devlet Hastanesine başvuran 4 haftalıktan büyük 6 aylıktan küçük ultrasonografi yapılmış 2554 bebek alındı. Bu tarihler arasında medikal ve cerrahi tedavi almış hastalar listelendi. Bulgular: Haziran 2012 ve Haziran 2015 tarihleri arasında Kars bölgesinde 13910 yaşayan bebek mevcut idi. Ultrasonografi yapılan bebek sayısı 2554 idi. USG sonuçlarına göre 5108 kalça Graf sı- nıflamasına göre değerlendirildiğinde 4586 (%89,8) kalça tip I, 347 (%6,8) kalça tip IIa, 130 (%2,6) kalça tip IIb, 26 (%0,5) kalça tip IIc, 8 (%0,2) kalça tip D ve 11 (%0,2) kalça tip III-IV olarak tespit edildi. Maliyet analizinde rutin taramanın ortalama iki kat daha fazla karlı oluğu görüldü. Sonuç: Kars bölgesinde yaşayan bebek oranı ve hastaneye baş- vuran ve USG yapılan bebek oranları ve sonuçlarına bakılınca gelişimsel kalça displazisinin gözden kaçırılmaması ve tedavi başarısının artırılmasında kalça USG'sinin önemli olduğu saptanmıştır. Bölgesel sonuçlarımız ile ülkemizde USG ile rutin tarama yapılması önerilebilir.Aim: Developmental hip dysplasia (DHD) is an anomaly that is frequently seen in our country and if diagnosed and cured early successful results can be gained. In our study the diagnose of developmental hip can facts by applying hip ultrasound (USG) in infanthood, supplying early treatment and the incidence of babies who have and haven't applicated hospital in regional base are evaluated. With these results we aim to define DHD incidence and analyse the average cost of patients who have and haven't been treated.Material and Method: 2554 infants more than 4 months and less than 6 months old who applicant Kafkas University and Kars Harakani State Hospital on the date from June 2012 to June 2015 have been taken to our study. Patients who had medical and surgical treatment have been listed on these days.Results: 13910 babies were living in Kars region in between June 2012 and June 2015. The number of babies that have been applied ultrasound was 2554. According to USG results when 5108 hips were evaluated according to Graf classification it was determined that 4586 (89.8%) hip type 1, 347 (6.8%) hips type 2a, 130 (%2.6) hips type 2b, 26 (0.5%) hips 2c, 8 (0.2%) hips type D and 11 (0.2%) hips type 3-4. In the average cost it was seen that routine scan is two times more profitable when the following patients and treatment of babies are considered, the efficacy, success and advantage of USG on the diagnosis of DHD is resulted.Conclusion: When examined, the ratio of infants who lives in Kars region and applicate the hospital, the ratio of babies who have been applied USG and their results, it is stated that hip US is important in not skipping DHD and increasing the success of treatment. With our regional results, routine seen with USG can be suggested in our country

Mirror Imaginary Movement Disorder and Pachygyria Association: Case Report

Mirror imaginary movement disorders are a group of syndromes characterized by automatic reflex mimicking of voluntary movements on the contralateral side. Two hypotheses for these symptoms are currently accepted: abnormal development of the ipsilateral corticospinal tract and transcallosal inhibition deficiency. Pachygyria refers to a decreased number of gyri divided with flat and superficial cerebral cortex sulci. We found pachygyria on cranial imaging of a boy aged 8 years who made similar movements with the one hand while writing with the other hand at presentation. Hence, pachygyria may play a role in mirror imaginary movement disorder

Hot Water Epilepsy: Presentation of Three Cases

Hot water epilepsy (HWE) is a reflex epilepsy that develops after pouring hot water on the head; seizures are induced through tactile and temperature-related stimuli. The number of cases reported worldwide is low, with most cases in Turkey and India. The exact pathophysiology of HWE is unknown but patients are thought to have abnormal thermoregulation systems with seizures that emerge due to the stimulation of a particular region in the brain cortex via contact of hot water on the skin of the head. We investigated the pathogenesis of this disorder through a literature review and by presenting the clinical and laboratory findings of three patients with HWE. Fortunately, HWE can largely be prevented; however, if non-reflexive seizures co-occur with HWE, proper medical treatment can be added to ensure seizure-free follow-up

Boy kısalığı olan çocukların serum ürotensin 2 düzeylerinin igf-1 ile ilişkisi

Amaç: Çalışmamızda boy kısalığı olan çocuklardaki Ürotensin 2’nin serum düzeylerini araştırarak İGF-1 ve İGFBP-3 gibi büyümeden sorumlu olan endojen maddeler arasındaki korelasyonu değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 150 hasta ve 30 sağlıklı çocuk değerlendirmeye alındı. Bunlar kontrol, ailevi boy kısalığı, yapısal boy kısalığı, malnütrisyon ve çölyak olacak şekilde 5 gruba ayrıldı. Bunlarda kendi içinde İGF-1 ve İGFBP-3 düzeyleri düşük yada normal olacak şekilde gruplandırıldı. Bulgular: İGF-1 düzeyi normal olan ailevi boy kısalığı olan çocukların, düşük İGF-1 düzeyi olan yapısal boy kısalığı, malnütrisyonlu ve çölyak grubundaki çocukların serum Ürotensin 2 düzeyleri kontrol grubuna göre yüksek bulunmuştur. İGFBP-3 düzeylerine göre ise tüm gruplarda Ürotensin 2 düzeyi kontrole göre yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda Ürotensin 2’nin çocuklarda büyüme gelişme geriliği ve boy kısalığı fizyopatolojisinderol alabileceği düşünülmektedi