Genes significantly influenced in microarray analysis of <i>ARHGEF3</i> and <i>RHOA</i> gene knockdown in osteoclast-like cells from donor 1.

<p>Expression ratios are given as expression of the gene in the knockdown cultures relative to the negative control cultures. <i>P</i> adjusted for multiple testing.</p><p>*FU, fluorescence units.</p

Genes significantly influenced in microarray analysis of <i>ARHGEF3</i> and <i>RHOA</i> gene knockdown in Saos-2 osteoblast-like cells.

<p>Expression ratios are given as expression of the gene in the knockdown cultures relative to the negative control cultures. <i>P</i> adjusted for multiple testing.</p><p>*FU, fluorescence units.</p

qRT-PCR validation of selected genes in response to <i>ARHGEF3</i> and <i>RHOA</i> gene knockdown in osteoclast-like cells.

<p>(A) <i>CCL5</i> mRNA expression in osteoclast-like cells. (B) <i>OSCAR</i> mRNA expression in osteoclast-like cells. (C) <i>ARHGDIA</i> mRNA expression in osteoclast-like cells. (D) <i>ACTA2</i> mRNA expression in osteoclast-like cells. Data displayed as mean 2^−ΔC_T ± SEM from three biological replicates. *<i>P<0.05,</i> **<i>P<0.01,</i> † determined as significant by ANOVA.</p

Association results of forearm BMD meta-analysis and fracture for selected SNPs.

<p>EA: effect allele; NEA: non-effect allele; EAF: effect allele frequency; RA: risk allele.</p><p>See <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002745#pgen.1002745.s014" target="_blank">Table S4</a> for a list of all genome-wide significant SNPs.</p

Scatter plots of the observed association of 7q31 locus with forearm BMD.

<p>The P values of SNPs (shown as −log10 values in y-axis, from the genome-wide single-marker association analysis using the linear regression model) are plotted against their map position (b36) (x-axis). The color of each SNP spot reflects its r2 with rs2908004. Missense SNPs are plotted as triangles, and other SNPs are plotted as circles.</p

SNP rs2707466 regional association plot of the discovery genome-wide meta-analysis of cortical thickness.

<p>Circles show GWA meta-analysis p-values, with different colors indicating varying linkage disequilibrium with rs2707466 (diamond).</p

The genome-wide meta-analysis with cortical thickness according to sex.

<p>The genome-wide meta-analysis with cortical thickness according to sex.</p

Body weight, femoral length, and MicroCT data in <i>Wnt16^−/−</i> mice, males (WT = 9; <i>Wnt16^−/−</i> = 11) and females (WT = 24, <i>Wnt16^−/−</i> = 16).

<p>Body weight, femoral length, and MicroCT data in <i>Wnt16^−/−</i> mice, males (WT = 9; <i>Wnt16^−/−</i> = 11) and females (WT = 24, <i>Wnt16^−/−</i> = 16).</p

Top cortical thickness GWA meta-analysis hits, with replication and meta-analysis of all four cohorts.

<p>Models adjusted for sex (ALSPAC and YFS), age, height, weight (ln). Betas in standard deviations and standard errors are presented.</p

Decrease of bone strength of <i>Wnt16</i> knockout mice at femur and tibia.

<p>In Femur group, the sample size are 23 wide type (WT) mice and 13 knock out (KO) mice, and in Tibia group, the sample size are 12 WT mice and 9 KO mice. The P values for each group are shown in the figure.</p